With the implementation of the policy of reform and opening up,the urban-rural dual structure was getting looser. The minority areas presented frequent flow of trends in the background. The population flow was not only a carrier of cultural contact and communication,but also the cause of the transmission of diseases. The author selected Zhaojue county,Liangshan Yi area as the point to do the fieldwork,investigated and analyzed the circumstance and situation of disease prevention and control of minority areas from the perspective of the local social culture.