摘要:目的:使用99mTc示踪初步研究注射用神经生长因子(NGF)脂质体在家兔体内药代动力学.方法:将NGF用99mTC标记,利用同位素示踪法和三氯乙酸(TCA)沉淀法测得NGF含量与放射性计数的线性关系,标记后的NGF制备成NGF脂质体,静脉注射至家兔体内,通过上述检测方法得到不同时段血浆中微量NGF浓度,使用3P87软件分析药代动力学参数并初步分析组织分布.结果:NGF脂质体静脉注射后的家兔体内代谢符合二隔室分布模型;按剂量40 mg/kg静脉注射后,测得t1/2α=0.222 h、t1/2β=2.526 h、AUC=120.637 ng/h·ml-1.结论:NGF脂质体有一定的缓释作用.

摘要:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are a class of hepatotoxic and tumorigenic compounds detected in Chinese herbal plants,contaminated foods, and dietary supplements. In this review, the sources, toxicity, genotoxicity, tumorigenicity, and the metabolic pathways,particular the activation pathways leading to hepatotoxicity and tumorigenicity, of pyrrolizidine alkaloids are briefly discussed, with a focus on the most recent important findings concerning the genotoxic mechanism by which riddelliine liver tumors. This mechanism involves the formation of 6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl-5H-pyrrolizine (DHP)-derived DNA adducts and may be general to most carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids.

摘要:目的:研究Genistein(gen)对高钾和化学缺氧所致人视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigment epithelium,RPE)细胞损伤的保护作用.方法:采用体外培养人RPE细胞,MTT法测定细胞存活率以及在倒置相差显微镜下观察细胞形态改变.结果:200mmol/LKCl作用12 h可降低细胞存活率至(43.97±3.43)%,gen 50、100、200μmol/L可明显提高细胞存活率且呈浓度依赖性.相差显微镜观察细胞形态发现,200mmol/L KCl作用2 h细胞膜开始皱缩,4 h胞膜皱缩更加明显,胞核也开始浓缩,8 h后仅见细胞核和断裂呈絮状的细胞膜,12 h仅可见固缩的细胞核,而200μmol/L gen可以减轻细胞损伤,4 h后方见细胞膜开始皱缩;CoCl2损伤模型中,500μmol/L CoCl2作用12 h可降低细胞存活率至(57.81±17.19)%,gen 50、100、200μmol/L时也可浓度依赖性升高细胞存活率.结论:Gen对高钾和化学缺氧所致人RPE细胞损伤具有保护作用.

摘要:随着改革开放的不断深入发展，人们对社会主义市场经济及其条件下的分配制度的认识也进一步深化。确立“劳动、资本、技术和管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配”的原则是人们认识深化的结果。这一原则具有丰富的内涵，需要我们准确把握。同时确立这一原则具有重大意义，我们在“全面建设小康社会”伟大实践中要始终坚持这一原则，从而把中国特色社会主义事业不断推向前进，共同创造我们的幸福生活和美好未来。

摘要:邓小平科学、系统地阐述了加强执政党制度建设的思想，对于贯彻落实党的十六届四中全会精神，加强党的执政能力建设，保持党的先进性，具有极其重要的现实指导意义。

摘要:目的:制备将药物治疗与热疗相结合的靶向抗癌药物新剂型-As2O3磁性脂质体.方法:用改良的湿化学法制备MnxZn(1-x)Fe2O4(锰锌铁氧体)纳米磁性粒子,运用透射电镜和PE热分析系统进行表征,在高频交变磁场下进行体外加热试验,MTT实验检测其细胞毒性;采用薄膜-超声法加高速搅拌制备纳米As2O3磁性脂质体,用透射电镜、图像分析系统和能谱仪对其进行表征,原子荧光光度计检验脂质体中As2O3的包封率.结果:MnxZn(1-x)Fe2O4纳米磁性粒子近似球形,粒径20～40 nm,无细胞毒性,居里温度随锰锌比例的不同分布在97℃～140℃之间,其磁流体在高频交变磁场下可升温至35℃～47℃并保持恒定.以此磁性材料为载体制成的As2O3磁性脂质体的平均粒径为(182±125)nm,其中含有As2O3和MnxZn(1-x)Fe2O4的成份,药物包封率达到71.16%.结论:MnxZn(1-x)Fe2O4纳米粒子是制备医用磁性脂质体的良好载体,采用薄膜-超声法加高速搅拌可制备纳米级As2O3磁性脂质体.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the differences of using enzymatic hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis for identification and quantification of isoflavone aglycones from biomatrices. Methods: β-glucuronidase/sulfatase isolated from Helix pomatia for routine enzymatic hydrolysis or 6N HCl was used to release glucuronide and sulfate conjugates in the serum, urine and tissue samples. Profiles of soy isoflavones after enzymatic hydrolysis or acid hydrolysis in several tissues of rat fed with diets containing soy protein isolate were also compared using LC/MS and HPLC-ECD. Results: Acid hydrolysis released more aglycone than enzymatic digestion ( P ＜0.05) in liver tissue. The total genistein, daidzein and other metabolites were 20％ to 60％ lower in samples from enzymatic hydrolysis than in acid hydrolysis. Conclusion: These results indicated that unknown factors in tissues reduced the enzymatic hydrolytic efficiency for releasing isoflavone aglycones even in optimized condition. This would underestimate isoflavone tissue concentrations up to 60％.

摘要:毛泽东对资本主义的看法是毛泽东思想中一个重要的部分，也是近年来国内学者研究的热门话题。在不同历史时期毛泽东如何看待资本主义，他本人对于资本主义的认识是否曾沾染过民粹主义色彩，导致他对资本主义认识改变的原因又何在-学者们见仁见智，进行了一系列分析与论争。然而，不可否认的事实是，毛泽东对于资本主义的认识对中国革命和社会主义建设进程有着深刻的影响。

摘要:目的:探讨高糖对人肾小球系膜细胞活性氧、Ⅳ型胶原合成的影响及其茶多酚的干预作用.方法:系膜细胞在高糖(35 mmol/L D-糖)条件下加入或不加入茶多酚(20μg/ml)培养至36 h,运用化学比色法、放射免疫法检测高糖作用后培养系膜细胞上清液中活性氧(SOD和MDA)、Ⅳ型胶原的含量以及加入茶多酚后其含量的改变;应用免疫细胞化学法检测高糖作用后系膜细胞内Ⅳ型胶原的表达以及加入茶多酚后其表达的改变.结果:高糖使系膜细胞上清液中SOD含量减少,MDA含量增加,使培养的系膜细胞上清液中及细胞内Ⅳ型胶原含量增加;茶多酚可提高上清液中SOD活性,降低MDA含量,抑制系膜细胞合成和分泌Ⅳ型胶原.结论:高糖致人肾小球系膜细胞活性氧产生增加,促进Ⅳ型胶原合成和分泌,茶多酚可有效干预高糖的作用.

摘要:Objective: To evaluate in vitro the effect of biologically active coating on endothelialisation of Nitinol coils designed for the closure of intracardiac shunt. Methods: Covalently binding procedure was performed with chemical vapor deposition (CVD).Heparin(200 IU/ml ), r-hirudin(21 nmol/ml ), or fibronectin( 15 μg/ml), respectively, were bound to the basic coating( poly( amino- p- xylylene-co-p-xylylen) ). In vitro tests were performed on five different coating groups( n = 2 each) : uncoated Nitinol, basic coating, heparin-,r-hirudin-,and fibronectin-coating. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) were cultured in the presence of tested coils for 48 and 72 h. Adhesion of HUVECs were evaluated with light microscopy,and with confocal laser scanning microscopy after double-staining of vinculin,phalloidin, Ki67 and fibronectin. Results: After 48 and 72 h of incubation,except HUVECs around the basic coating showing abnormal morphology, HUVECs were able to grow next to all kinds of coils. By CLSM adhering cells were typically confined to maximal three secondary coil windings. HUVECs adhered best to the fibronectin coated coils,followed by the uncoated Nitinol. HUVECs barely adhered to the basic coating. The adhesion to heparin coating or r-hirudin coating was observed with various cell densities. Heparin coating seemed to support cell adhesion better than r-hirudin coating did. The HUVECs assembled fibronectin matrix on the fibronectin coating and uncoated Nitinol coil. Vinculin was expressed on both fibronectin coating and uncoated Nitinol as well, mostly diffused,but occasionally also in focal contacts. Ki67 expression was mainly noticed on the uncoated Nitinol coil and fibronectin coated coil, only occasionally on other materials. The densities and morphology of HUVECs, adhered to the correspohding well surfaces, were similar for all wells. The only exception was the well with the basic coating coil after three days of incubation. In this case, the cell density was diminished, and the cells became more elongated. The cells grown on the well surfaces exhibited a more profound matrix assembly and more pronounced focal adhesions than the cells adhered to the coil surfaces did. Conclusion: Except for basic coating,biologically active substance coated or uncoated coils show no acute cytotoxicity on HUVECs. Due to better cell proliferation,cell matrix assembling,and focal adhesion,only fibronectin coating improves the endothelialisation of Nitinol coils.

摘要:灌输理论首创于马克思和恩格斯，列宁将其理论化、系统化。灌输理论有其科学的内涵，其实质是理论与实践结合的途径。灌输理论是思想政治工作的根本原则，而不是具体的方法，灌输理论具有重大的现实意义和价值。灌输作为一种社会历史现象体现了社会统治的规律，在当今国际国内环境、人们的思想实际状况和建设中国特色社会主义的任务面前，灌输教育只能加强，决不能削弱，灌输理论必须坚持，必须与时俱进。

摘要:目的:研究大鼠胚胎胰腺发育后期、新生期及成年期对转录因子Nkx2.2和Nkx6.1的mRNA表达调控.方法:利用显微分离等方法分离胚胎18.5天、新生和成年大鼠胰腺,对胰腺标本提取总RNA,利用胰腺内外分泌细胞分子标志--胰岛素和淀粉酶来鉴定胰腺标本,再用RT-PCR分析Nkx2.2或Nkx6.1在大鼠胰腺几个不同发育时期的mRNA表达情况.结果:Nkx6.1在胚胎18.5天胰腺中有表达,出生时表达量有增加,到了成年显著下降.Nkx2.2的mRNA在胚胎期、新生期和成年期均有表达,新生期表达量较其他两个时期有显著性增加.从以上两个转录因子在胰腺不同发育时期的表达情况来看,它们的共同点是胚胎期有表达,新生期表达量较胚胎后期和成年期高,成年期表达量呈下降趋势.结论:不同生长发育时期对转录因子Nkx2.2和Nkx6.1的mRNA具有调节作用,新生期细胞增生分化加速,这与Nkx2.2、Nkx6.1等转录因子表达量增高有关.

摘要:目的:研究乳腺癌组织垂体肿瘤转移基因(PTTG)和磷酸醋酶活性抑癌基因(PTEN)的表达及其意义.方法:采用原位杂交等技术检测乳腺癌组织中PTTG和PTEN.结果:乳腺癌中PTTG的表达明显增高,而PTEN表达明显下降.PTTG高表达与淋巴结转移和病理分级密切相关;PTEN低表达与胸肌浸润、病理分级以及病理类型密切相关.PTTG与PTEN的表达无相关性.结论:PTTG高表达、PTEN低表达提示它们参与了乳腺癌的形成和发生.检测PTTG和PTEN的表达情况对乳腺癌的预防、术后辅助治疗和预后有重要参考价值.

摘要:随着时代的发展，全球化的治理背景为政府治理提出了新要求，需要政府担负起相应的责任。同时，公民社会也日益发展，公民参与成为政府治理下的必然要求。当前，发展责任政府与公民参与的理念并寻求两者之间的合理关系对我国民主化建设具有重要意义。

摘要:Objective: To establish the initial symptoms and physical signs of osteosarcoma from the records of the first medical visit and to identify early characteristics of the diseases to shorten the delay of diagnosis. Methods: A group of patients with osteosarcoma in extremities was identified from Nanjing Jinling Hospital. Records from the first medical visit due to symptoms and physical signs related to the bone tumor were obtained from 71 patients with osteosarcoma. Results: The results of the data recorded about the first medical visit,reasons for consultation, pain,trauma,initial diagnosis,delay in diagnosis were reported respectively. Conclusion: Pair an initial symptom of osteosarcoma, and was intermittent but not frequently felt at night. A history of trauma was common, but the clinical course often diverged from what was expected from trauma. The most important clinical feature was a palpable mass. This finding emphasizes that a thorough physical examination is absolutely necessary.

摘要:目的:探讨高糖对人肾小球系膜细胞丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)活性的影响及MAPK在人肾小球系膜细胞的纤维结合蛋白(FN)分泌和c-fos表达中的作用.方法:采用人肾小球系膜细胞进行体外培养,高糖作为刺激因素,PD98059作为MAPK特异性抑制剂,同位素示踪法测定MAPK活性,ELISA法测定培养上清中FN含量,免疫细胞化学方法检测c-fos的表达.结果:高糖可增加MAPK活性、促进FN分泌、增加c-fos的表达.抑制MAPK后,可阻止高糖诱导的FN分泌以及c-fos表达.结论:高糖可激活人肾小球系膜细胞内的MAPK,促进FN的分泌,c-fos的表达及导致糖尿病肾病的发生.

摘要:目的:探讨TNF-α对未分化及成熟3T3-L1脂肪细胞中TSG-6基因(tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated gene-6)表达水平的调节作用.方法:体外培养3T3-L1脂肪细胞,在3T3-L1细胞生长至完全融合后2天(第0天)或细胞诱导分化的第10天,应用重组TNF-α(0.1、1.0、10.0 ng/ml)干预未分化(第0天)或已分化成熟(第10天)的脂肪细胞,采用RT-PCR技术检测干预后不同时间(0、0.5、2.0、6.0、12.0、24.0 h)脂肪细胞中TSG-6基因的表达水平.结果:①不同浓度TNF-α对未分化脂肪细胞中TSG-6基因的表达水平均具抑制作用.TNF-α浓度0.1 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平2 h内下降67.30%,24 h时下降76.05%;TNF-α浓度1.0 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平0.5 h内下降52.79%,24 h时下降99.20%;TNF-α浓度10.0 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平0.5 h内下降96.14%,其表达几乎被完全抑制;②不同浓度TNF-α均能显著抑制成熟脂肪细胞中TSG-6基因的表达.TNF-α浓度0.1 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平6 h内下降33.73%,12 h内下降97.39%;TNF-α浓度1.0 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平6 h内下降78.68%,并持续至24 h;TNF-o浓度10.0 ng/ml时,TSG-6基因表达水平2 h内下降96.27%,TSG-6基因的表达几乎被完全抑制.结论:TNF-α对脂肪细胞中TSG-6基因表达具有抑制作用,其抑制效应总体趋势上呈现剂量和时间依赖性特征.

摘要:新制度经济学认为，有效的组织形式是社会经济发展中极其重要的社会资源。农民合作制度的重要意义在于把分散的农民通过正式或非正式的组织，形成社区农民间的合作，实现以一定区域为边界、以社区利益和共同规范的认同为基础的社区的自治。文章试图从制度经济学的角度分析当前情况下新型农民合作制度难以建立的原因，探悉经济制度、政治体制、文化习俗对农村合作制度发展的影响。

摘要:Objective: To analyze neurophysiological characteristics in infants and young children with auditory neuropathy (AN) and explore their clinical significance. Methods: Audiological measurements(acoustic immittance, EOAEs, ABR, CM, MLR and ERPs) and peripheral neurological tests were conducted and evaluated in 13 infants and young children with AN. Six of them received highresolution temporal bone CT scans and/or cerebral MRI examinations. Results: All of the children showed type "A" tympanograms with abseatation of stapedial reflexes. EOAEs were normal in 12 of 13 subjects. In one child who had a history of anoxia during the birth, the EOAEs were not elicited. Click-evoked ABRs were absent in 12 of 13 subjects when maximum output of the instrument was reached. The CM potentials were presented bilaterally in all individuals, which were independent of the EOAEs and ABR. Of eight cases tested, all had clear MLR and six showed normal ERPs(P300 and MMN). Peripheral neurological tests and radiological findings were within the normal ranges. Conclusion: The diagnosis of AN in infants and young children should focus on analyzing their neurophysiological characteristics,especially on CM,MLR and ERPs. Combined use of EOAEs, ABR and CM was recommended for hearing screening on newborns with high risk factors.

摘要:医务人员收受药械回扣是违法行为，但是否适用以“受贿罪”刑事处罚存在司法争议。笔者阐述受贿罪的构成要件和法律认定，分析医务人员收受药品、器械回扣的定性、定罪的争议，提出以受贿罪论处存在的法律矛盾。根据我国刑法“法无明文规定不定罪”罪刑法定原则，参照(执业医师法》和《药品管理法》等法律法规要求，作者认为医务人员收受药品、器械回扣应以批评教育为主，对屡教不改者或数额巨大，应给予必要的行政处分，甚至吊销其执业医师(药师资格而免除刑事处罚是妥当而合法的。对于医院管理者收受回扣，可以受贿罪论处。

摘要:目的:探讨重组leptin侧脑室注射后,营养性肥胖大鼠模型腹膜后脂肪组织obese基因表达、内源性leptin含量以及血清胰岛素、C肽的变化,以期进一步探讨leptin中枢干预对肥胖大鼠leptin抵抗、胰岛素抵抗的改善作用.方法:(1)应用高营养饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠模型,用ELISA双抗体夹心法和放免法测定血清中leptin及胰岛素、C肽的含量;(2)应用RT-PCR技术检测各组大鼠脂肪组织中obese基因的表达水平.结果:(1)肥胖组大鼠经leptin干预后血清胰岛素和C肽明显降低,与正常各组之间无显著性差异;肥胖对照组、生理盐水组血清胰岛素、C肽较正常组明显升高.(2)肥胖大鼠经重组leptin干预后,脂肪组织ob mRNA含量明显低于肥胖对照组、肥胖生理盐水组;其与正常对照组、正常leptin、生理盐水干预组之间无显著性差异.(3)肥胖对照组、肥胖生理盐水组大鼠血清leptin含量明显高于肥胖leptin干预组以及正常对照组、正常各干预组;肥胖leptin干预组与正常对照组、正常各干预组之间无显著性差异.(4)各组大鼠脂肪组织中ob mRNA含量与其血清leptin含量、呈显著正相关关系.大鼠血清leptin含量与血清胰岛素、C肽浓度呈显著正相关.结论:侧脑室给予leptin可以显著减少肥胖大鼠脂肪组织中ob基因的表达以及血清leptin、胰岛素和C肽的含量,改善leptin和胰岛素抵抗.同时证实血清leptin含量与胰岛素、C肽的分泌密切相关,可能参与了leptin和胰岛素抵抗在肥胖发生中的作用.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the points of the clinical diagnosis and surgical treatment for pancreatic and/or duodenal injuries. Methods: Clinical data of 30 patients who suffered from pancreatic and/or duodenal injuries were reviewed. Results: There were 29 cases who received surgical management. Of the 30 cases, 22 cases were cured, seven cases died, and postoperative complications occurred in 16 cases. The cure rate was 73.3%. Conclusion: Pancreatic and/or duodenal injuries are severe abdominal injuries and difficult to treat. The mortality and complication rate are high. The keys to successful treatments for pancreatic and/or duodenal injuries are early diagnosis, careful exploration and proper operational management.

摘要:在我国目前的司法实践中，是不把国家生体医疗卫生事业中的医疗机构的医疗事故侵权损害赔偿纳入国家赔偿范畴的。笔者认为，这是对国家主体医疗卫生事业中的医患关系的法律属性错误判断的结果，严重侵害了医、患双方的合法权益。国家主体医疗卫生事业中的医患关系的法律属性，可以精确定位为“行政法律关系类权力关系型特别权力关系属的公法上的营造物利用关系”。无论是大陆法系国家，还是英美法系国家，均把国家主体医疗卫生事业中的医疗机构的医疗事故侵权损害赔偿纳入国家赔偿范畴。我国的国家赔偿法律法规并没有明确排斥“公立医院”由于侵权给公

摘要:目的:对2型糖尿病定位区域(D9s171)中参与信号传导基因进行单核苷酸多态(single nucleotide po1ymorphism,SNP)检测.方法:使用荧光标记的直接测序法,对D9s171区域4个可能参与胰岛素信号传导基因的启动子、外显子以及临近的内含子进行测序,确定这些基因在华东地区汉族人存在的SNP.结果:所测4个基因片段总长15 737个碱基,有14个SNP,高频、低频分别是11个和3个.结论:4个候选基因在华东地区汉族2型糖尿病患者中有SNP;通过对这些SNP基因分型可进一步确定4个基因中是否存在2型糖尿病的易感基因.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the effects of allitridin on the expression of transcription factor T-bet of cytomegalovirusinduced myocarditis in mice and to analyze its role in anti-cytomegalovirus mechanisms. Methods: Sixty mice were randomly divided into allitridin therapy group, infected controls group and bland controls group. Allitridin therapy group were given to mice via the intraperitoneal same volume of 0.89% sodium chloride and bland controls group were only given with the same volume of 0.89% sodium chloride, without infected MCMV. All experimental mice were sacrificed on day 3, 5, 7 and 14 i.p. ( n = 5 per time point). The expression levels of transcription factor T-bet were measured by RT-PCR. The expression levels of Th1 cytokine IFN-γ were measured by ELISA. Results:MCMV infection could markedly down-modulate the expression of IFN-γ and T-bet mRNA ( P ＜ 0.01). Allitridin significantly up-regulated the expression of Th1 cytokines IFN-γ and Th1-specific transcription factor T-bet mRNA ( P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion: Allitridin up-regulates the expression of transcription factor T-bet mRNA which is an important, but not the only factor to mediate the constitutive expression of Th1 cytokines IFN-γ.

摘要:目的:了解培养的兔角膜缘上皮细胞在原代及第2代细胞汇合时的增殖能力.方法:选健康新西兰白兔7只,显微镜下手术切取左眼上方少量角膜缘组织,采用组织块法分别进行培养,在原代上皮细胞汇合传代时(6-8 d)和第2代细胞汇合时(10-12 d),用流式细胞仪(FCM)检测样本的细胞周期和凋亡细胞.结果:培养的原代及第2代上皮细胞汇合时平均的增殖指数(PI)为19.1%和9.8%,凋亡细胞比例分别为0.57%和0.37%,处于增殖期细胞的比例在减少,而凋亡细胞的比例一直较低.结论:组织块法适合兔角膜缘上皮细胞培养,并且原代培养的兔角膜缘上皮细胞比第2代细胞具有更强的增殖能力,更适合进行细胞移植.

摘要:计量管理对医院文化的影响是由于现代医疗服务手段工程技术化产生的。文章从医院文化的内涵及医院文化建设的内容上探讨了计量管理与医院文化的内在联系，表明计量管理窝于医院物质文化、制度文化和精神文化之中。计量管理是维系良好医院形象的重要因素，它影响医务人员的思维方式，制约医务人员的行为，促进医院目标的实现。计量管理在医院文化中具有显著地位，应该受到关注。

摘要:Objective: To investigate the effects of different anesthesiaes on the activity of aldose reductase(AR) in RBC and the levels of plasma nitric oxide(NO) in patients undergoing gastric cancer operation. Methods: Twenty-eight patients undergoing gastric cancer operation were randomly divided into two groups with 14 cases for each. Anesthesia was maintained with 1.5-2.0MAC isoflurane plus epidural block in group Ⅱ. Venous blood samples were collected to measure the AR ctivity in RBC, the levels of plasma NO and glucose.Results: The plasma levels of glucose were increased significantly at 90 min after incision and kept at the high levels till the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05) as compared with those before anesthesia, the changes in group Ⅱ were same as in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.01) ,but not on the 1st postoperative day. There was no significant difference between the two groups. The activity of AR in RBC was increased significantly and the level of plasma NO was decreased significantly on the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅰ ( P ＜0.05). In group Ⅱ, AR and NO changed slightly,but these changes were not significant. The extent of change in the activity of AR or the level of NO no the 1st postoperative day in group Ⅱ was less than that in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Polyol pathway in RBC activated under surgical hyperglycemia while the production of NO is inhibited in patients undergoing gastric cancer operation, which can be effectively attenuated by combined general-epidural anesthesia.

摘要:目的:测定肺腺癌细胞株SPC-A-1细胞存活曲线参数.方法:将细胞分为单纯放射组和放射合并加热组,单纯放射组分别给予高能X线2、4、6、8 Gy单剂量照射,放射合并加热组除给予相同剂量照射外,还于照射结束后立即加热,41.5℃,1 h.集落形成率实验检测两组细胞在不同情况下的细胞存活分数,分别根据多靶单击模型和线形二次模型拟合绘制细胞存活曲线,求出 D0、Dq及α/β比等细胞存活曲线参数,并获得照射2 Gy时的存活分数SF2.结果:多靶单击模型中,单纯放射组细胞的D0、Dq值分别为1.693、2.453 Gy,放射+加热组D0、Dq值分别为1.390、1.426 Gy,SF2值南0.793降为0.532;线形二次模型中,细胞的α/β值由0.992 Gy增至7.725 Gy,SF2值则由0.743降为0.459.结论:尽管加热可以提高肺腺癌细胞株SPC-A-1的放射敏感性,但D0及SF2的值表明其对放射仍较抗拒.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the role and mechanism of adrenomedullin (AM) in diabetic nephropathy. Methods:This research observed the changes of the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-β1 in the cultured human mesangial cells under high glucose conditions and the contents of the laminin and type Ⅳ collagen in the supernatants, and the effect of intervention with AM on the changes.Results: High glucose condition resulted in increase in the expression and secretion of AM, TGF-β1, laminin and type Ⅳ collagen, and AM could reverse the influence of high glucose on the cultured human mesangial cells. Conclusion: The results showed that high glucose condition in one of the stimulating factors of AM, and the renal protective action of AM may be associated with suppression of TGF-β1 and reducing excessive accumulation of laminin and type Ⅳ collagen.

摘要:目的:总结卵巢早衰的临床资料,探讨卵巢早衰的治疗.方法:对1999年1月至2003年12月31例卵巢早衰患者的临床资料进行分析.结果:月经初潮平均年龄为13.4岁,继发闭经的妇女在停经前平均行经8.2年,闭经期限平均为2.8年(5个月至7年),其中突然闭经者7人,月经稀少渐至闭经者24人;16例(51.6%)的患者有低雌激素血症的表现,15例(48.4%)有程度不等的生殖器萎缩及乳房萎缩;血清性激素测定显示:雌二醇值明显低于或等于卵泡期水平,促卵泡素和促黄体生成素值升高及催乳素值在正常范围;全部患者给予人工周期治疗,治愈率为22.6%,有效率为25.8%,但无1例妊娠.结论:卵巢早衰是一种多因素引起的疾病,治疗困难,值得重视和研究.

摘要:随着人类社会的进步，环境与发展问题已经成为全球普遍关注的焦点问题。自20世纪50年代起，医疗废弃物处置已引起世界各国广泛重视。在我国，随着经济的持续增长，人民生活水平的提高，城市化进程的加快，垃圾问题，特别是医疗废弃物的处理已引起业内人士及全社会的高度重视，尤其是去年非典流行过后，人们对医疗废弃物的处理更加关注。文章探索了目前国际上及国内医疗废弃物的管理状况，对加强国内医疗废弃物的管理提出了相关对策和建议，以期取得对此问题的更多关注。

摘要:目的:探讨手法旋转胎头纠正持续性枕横位和持续性枕后位在产程中的应用价值,降低剖宫产率.方法:对观察组89例持续性枕横位和枕后位的产妇在宫口扩张6 cm以上采用手法旋转胎头,并设同期72例相同头位异常的产妇为对照组,不予任何干预措施.结果:观察组89例产妇经手法旋转胎头转为枕前位成功率为84.2%(75/89),均经阴道分娩,剖宫产率13.5%(12/89);对照组72例,剖宫产率为65.2%(47/72).两组剖宫产比较差异有显著性(P《0.01).结论:适时手法旋转胎头,可明显降低剖宫产率,减少母婴并发症.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the effects of anti-interleukin- 10 monoclonal antibody( anti-IL- 10MAb) on systemic candidiasis. Methods: Control group(only candidiasis injection), and disposal group( candidiasis infection accompanying with anti-IL-10MAb infection) of cyclophosphamide-induced immuno-suppressed murine systemic candidiasis model were set in this study. Colony Forming Units (CFUs) of infected kidneys and spleens were determined using plating dilution method. The histological studies for infected livers, spleens,and kidneys were applied. Levels of interferon gamma(IFN-γ) in spleen tissue homogenare were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: In kidneys, the numbers of CFU of the disposal group were much lower than that of the control group; the numbers of CFU in spleens were similar to the control group. The histopathological scores of the disposal group were much better than that of the control group in kindneys with significant differences( P ＜ 0.01 ). In spleens,the histopathological scores of disposal group were also better than that of control group,but no statistic significant differences were observed ( P ＞ 0.05). And the spleen IFN-γ level of the disposal group was significant higher than that of the control group( P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion: Anti-IL- 10MAb effects on systemic candidiasis was concluded.

摘要:目的:探讨新辅助化疗在Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床价值.方法:对287例Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌进行分析研究,其中单纯手术或手术+术后化疗242例(A组);术前化疗+手术+术后化疗45例(B组),术前化疗采用丝裂霉素+两艾克+顺铂(MVP)方案,术后化疗同A组.对两组手术切除率、并发症发生率、术后1、3、5年生存率进行统计学分析.结果:手术切除率B组明显高于A组(P《0.05),术后并发症发生率相近(P》0.05).术后1、3年生存率两组相近(P》0.05).5年生存率B组高于A组(P《0.05).结论:对术前有手术切除困难但经诱导化疗后肿瘤明显缩小的Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌的患者,宜提倡术前化疗+手术+术后化疗或/和术后化疗.

摘要:国库集中支付制度是国库集中收付制度的重要组成部分，它作为政府支出管理的重要手段和改革预算执行的必要保障，是市场经济国家适应市场经济体制的要求。建立国库集中支付制度是当前我国财政预算管理制度改革的重要内容，是构成社会主义公共财政框架的重要环节。文章阐述了国库集中支付制度的概念、国库集中支付执行过程中存在的问题及完善国库集中支付制度的几点措施。

摘要:科学技术的迅猛发展催生了克隆技术，由此引发出克隆人的问题。克隆技术本身具有的“双刃剑”这一特性必然会对整个社会产生正负两方面的影响。目前关于克隆技术的利弊仁者见仁，智者见智，笔者在阐述了科学技术和伦理学的关系后提出了这样的看法:克隆技术对伦理学研究提出新的课题，伦理学理论要为克隆技术发展导航，加快伦理学研究以实现人类对新技术的使用进行社会化控制的要求是当前一项紧迫任务。

摘要:Objective:To establish fibroblasts stably expressing human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (hBMP2). Methods:Eukaryonic expression vector(pcDNA3.1-B2) was transduced into NIH3T3 cells using SofastTM, a new generation cationic polymer gene transfection reagent. The positive cell clones were selected with G418. The stable transfection and expression of BMP2 in the NIH3T3 cells were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical stain. Results: BMP2 mRNA was transcripted and expressed in the transfected NIH3T3 cells. Conclusion: With positive compound transfection, outside human BMP2 gene can be successfully transducted into NIH3T3 cells, which is the key step to induce periodontal cells to osseous phenotypes.

摘要:目的:通过对经过交锁髓内钉治疗的肱骨干骨折患者的随访,了解该手术对肩关节功能的影响.方法:对2000～2003年南京医科大学第一附属医院使用交锁髓内钉治疗的肱骨干骨折患者32例进行随访,其中获随访27例,平均随访16个月,患者平均年龄52岁,随访内容主要观察患者肩关节的前屈、后伸、外展、内收、外旋、内旋功能.结果:根据Neer评分,交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折后患者肩关节功能优良率占92.6%.结论:使用交锁髓内钉治疗肱骨干骨折不会遗留明显的肩关节功能障碍.

摘要:目的:探讨上唇叉状瓣存双侧唇裂术后鼻唇畸形矫治中的应用.方法:在上唇原中央小球突上设计叉状瓣,蒂与鼻小柱相连,使鼻小柱延长的同时亦有助于修复鼻孔和上唇畸形.结果:应用上唇叉状瓣修复双侧唇裂术后鼻唇畸形3例,效果满意.结论:上唇叉状瓣修复双侧唇裂术后鼻唇畸形法使鼻小柱明显延长,且修复鼻唇畸形,适用于矫治上唇组织松弛的双侧唇裂术后鼻唇畸形.

摘要:克隆技术是现代生物工程的重要生物技术手段之一，目前发展迅猛，且争议甚多。怎样看待克隆技术的发展，并掌握好未来健康发展的方向，对其引发的伦理争议进行探讨，也许能提供一种有益的启示。

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摘要:当代各主要国家的刑法典均对医疗事故罪进行了规定，国外的通说认为，医疗事故罪作为业务过失犯罪的一种，其处罚应当重于普通过失犯罪。然而中国的情况却恰恰相反，刑法典规定的医疗事故罪的法定刑不仅轻于普通过失犯罪的法定刑，而且轻于其他的业务过失犯罪。这与我国刑法的罪刑相适应原则是背道而驰的，笔者就此问题阐述了自己的看法。

摘要:目的:探讨解决膀胱癌患者膀胱全切术后贮尿和排尿问题.方法:9例膀胱癌患者,采用Sigma术式,U形折叠乙状结肠25 cm左右,沿结肠带全层切开肠壁,缝合成贮尿袋,固定在腹后壁,顶端固定在右骶岬处.结果:Sigma新膀胱功能满意,尿控力强,排空良好,上尿路积水、感染、电解质紊乱等并发症少.结论:Sigma术式操作简便,创伤小,成功率高,可明显提高患者生活质量.

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摘要:目的:研制一种基于荧光淬灭原理的,快速准确检测胆碱含量的光纤生物传感器.方法:利用钌(Ⅱ)-联吡啶配合物作为氧指示剂,在胆碱氧化酶的作用下胆碱产生的氧气可以淬灭其产生的荧光,从而可以通过荧光强度的变化检测胆碱的含量.结果:该传感器的检测下限为1×10-9 mol/L,响应时间T≤10 s,并具有较强的抗干扰能力.结论:该传感器可以快速准确检测胆碱含量,且灵敏度高,响应时间快,信噪比高,可重复性和稳定性好,使用安全,操作简便,便于仪器的机械化、集成化和商品化.

摘要:《关于进一步加强和改进大学生思想政治教育的意见》对高校思想政治教育具有很强的针对性和长远的指导意义。文章结合学习贯彻《意见》精神，营造氛围、明确目标、构建模式，探讨思想政治教育更新理念、改进方式要处理好的几个关系，努力探索加强和改进高校大学生的思想政治教育的新思路。

摘要:科学研究是现代大学的一个重要功能。大学必须将教学、科研和社会服务三个功能有机地结合起来，才能培养出高质量的人才并不断地促进学校自身的发展。

摘要:目的:探讨软衬材料经氩气等离子体处理后,其表面结构及润湿性所发生的变化.方法:将软衬材料制成10 mm×10 mm×2 mm的试件32件,16件置于等离子处理装置中,用氩气处理20 rmin,并对等离子体处理前后的标本进行红外光谱及润湿角测定.结果:红外图谱表明软衬材料经等离子体处理后,表面C-H结构减少,说明表面有聚合物交联结构形成;与氧原子连接的C形成的C-O结构,在整个C-C和C-O结构中,其百分比从23.56%升至26.18%;软衬材料表面处理后润湿角明显下降.结论:氩气等离子体表面处理软衬材料可改变材料的表面结构并且能提高材料的润湿性.

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摘要:目的:分析与归纳肾周局灶型Castleman病的特征;方法:报告2例经病理证实的肾周Castleman病的临床资料与影像学表现,结合文献进行综合分析;结果:2例患者经手术完整切除治愈,随访至今无复发;结论:肾周孤立性Castleman病的术前诊断较困难,影像学表现可有提示作用,确诊依靠病理学检查,手术是治疗的首选.

摘要:高校贫困生是高校中的一个特殊群体，他们的心理和思想具有自身的独特特点。把握他们的心理和思想特点，做好他们的思想教育工作，能深刻而又现实地体现我国社会主义制度下高等教育的指导精神和工作特色;做好他们的思想教育工作，对学校的整体发展乃至整个社会的繁荣稳定有着深远的意义，应该对此特别关注。

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摘要:研究人的思想是很困难的，青年大学生的思想是嫂变的，研究当代青年大学生的思想状况更为困难。通过随机抽样调查和专访大学生，总结了大学生的一些思想状况:在“自我意识，社会化意向，价值观”方面呈现出多元化，在“竞争意识”和“政治意识”方面表现得很强等。并对此做了分析，认为:自尊和自信因素，时代环境因素，新的就业机制因素对于大学生的思想状况产生了重要的影响作用。

摘要:现代高校学生管理，必须思想上高度重视，注重确立学生的主体地位，在管理工作中处处体现和渗透“以人为本”的观念，树立服务意识，强调情感管理、学生自我管理，从而真正做到管理育人，服务育人。

摘要:新形势下，高校学生管理工作面临着新情况、新问题，对学风建设、人才培养质量产生了影响，通过学生管理工作的有效改进，促进优良学风的建设，是高校学生工作面临的一项重要任务。

摘要:外科护理学是护理学的专业课程，实践性强，为缩短学校教学与临床实践的距离，拟开设“外科护理学新技术、新进展系列讲座”，以满足护理临床课程教学改革的需要。为了了解学生对系列讲座的认知、态度及需求，问卷调查了125名护理专业学生。结果表明在进入专业课学习的在校护理专业学生中，开设系列讲座是非常必要的，所列讲座的内容是受学生普遮欢迎的，形式上以课余时间安排讲座较为切实可行。本调查结果为外科护理学教研室教学改革的进一步开展提供了有力依据。

摘要:中小学综合实践活动课程形态特征与高校专业课程设里具有一定的相似性和关联性，高校大学生参与中小学综合课程辅助教学，符合大、中、小学生的心理发展及其成才需要，适合时代发展需要，对促进大、中、小学生的素质教育具有重要意义。