摘要:目的:研究尼膜同对大鼠脑出血后核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)表达的影响.方法:将SD大鼠随机分成正常组、假手术组、脑出血模型组、尼膜同治疗组.采用Ⅶ型胶原酶注入到大鼠右侧苍白球制备脑出血模型,每组分别在术后6、24、48、96 h 4个时间点收取脑组织标本,免疫组化检测NF-κB P65蛋白表达,同时测量脑组织含水量.结果:与正常组和假手术组比较,大鼠脑出血后脑组织NF-κB P65表达以及脑组织含水量显著增高(P＜0.01);与脑出血模型组比较,尼膜同治疗组NF-κB P65水平及脑组织含水量均显著降低(6 h,P＜0.05;24、48、96 h,P＜0.01).结论:尼莫通可以抑制脑出血后NF-κB表达,这可能是尼膜同减轻脑出血后脑水肿的机制之一.

摘要:目的:探讨依达拉奉对沙土鼠全脑缺血再灌注后自由基损伤的脑保护机制.方法:实验动物随机分为正常对照组、假手术组、手术组、手术+依达拉奉组,手术+依达拉奉组给予腹腔注射依达拉奉10 mg/kg,12 h/次.设缺血再灌注6、12、24、36、48、60、72 h 7个时间点,分别检测脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,并观察每个时间点电镜下海马CA1区锥体细胞超微结构.结果:每个时间点手术+依达拉奉组动物脑组织中SOD活力较手术组增强,MDA含量较手术组下降,且每个时间点两组间比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).电镜超微结构显示手术+依达拉奉组细胞病理改变较手术组轻,48 h改变最明显.结论:脑缺血缺氧早期使用依达拉奉,可增强缺血脑组织SOD活力;降低MDA含量,从而达到清除氧自由基、抗脂质过氧化、减轻再灌注损伤、保护脑细胞的作用.

摘要:目的:研究侧脑室注射人胚神经干细胞(hNSCs)移植治疗实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)大鼠的有效性及hNSCs在EAE大鼠脑内的状况.方法:从自然流产的孕9～15周的人胚脑组织中分离、培养神经干细胞.用豚鼠全脊髓匀浆免疫Wistar大鼠制备EAE大鼠模型,分别在免疫后10、15、21天经侧脑室注射移植未分化的hNSCs入大鼠体内,观察hNSCs对EAE动物模型神经功能评分、脑内脱髓鞘病灶数目的影响,免疫组化方法观察移植后的hNSCs在EAE大鼠脑内存活、迁徙、分化的状况.结果:从人胎脑中成功培养出hNSCs,培养条件下呈悬浮状态生长,形成神经球.绝大多数细胞表达神经干细胞的标记物神经巢蛋白(nestjn).hNSCs移植组各时间点大鼠脑组织切片中均可见Brdu、nestin、NSE、GFAP、CNPase染色阳性细胞,CNPase阳性的少突胶质细胞比例随时间的延长而逐渐增多:hNSCs移植组大鼠自免疫后30天起其神经功能评分显著低于对照组(P＜0.05);移植后20、30天脑内脱髓鞘病灶数目明显少于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:hNSCs体内体外均具有多向分化潜能,受炎症部位微环境信号的影响分化成神经元、星型胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞.hNSCs移植能有效改善EAE动物的神经功能评分,减少病灶数目.

摘要:目的:采用重复性好、精密度高且较稳定的反相高效液相色谱法测定马鞭草中齐墩果酸、熊果酸含量,并进行方法学考察,建立有效控制马鞭草质量的方法.方法:液相条件:Agilent ZORBAX80A Extend-C18分析柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相:甲醇-磷酸盐缓冲液(89:11);柱温40℃;流速0.8 ml/min;检测波长210 nm.结果:齐墩果酸与熊果酸进样量在0.1192～4.768 μg范围内均呈良好线性关系,其中齐墩果酸平均回收率为97.1％,RSD为2.4％(n=5);熊果酸平均回收率为98.9％,RSD为3.0％(n=5).结论:本方法使马鞭草中质控成分齐墩果酸和熊果酸达到基线分离,操作简便、结果可靠,可为马鞭草质量控制和评价提供有效手段.

摘要:目的:探讨Syk(spleen tyrosine kinase)基因启动子甲基化在胃癌发生、转移过程中的作用及其临床意义.方法:采用RT-PCR检测61例胃癌组织、癌旁组织中Syk mRNA的表达,并用甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)方法检测Syk基因启动子甲基化情况.结果:61例癌旁组织均检测到Syk基因的表达,胃癌组织有14例检测到Syk基因的表达,Syk基因在胃癌组织中表达率显著降低(P＜0.05).61例胃癌旁组织未发现有Syk基因启动子的甲基化,而61例癌组织中有21例检测到Syk基因启动子的甲基化,癌组织Svk基因启动子甲基化率显著高于癌旁组织(P＜0.05).有淋巴结转移的31例胃癌组织中,有17例Syk基因启动子甲基化,有淋巴结转移的Syk基因启动子甲基化显著高于无淋巴结转移组(P＜0.05).结论:Syk基因启动子甲基化是导致Syk基因失活的原因之一,Syk基因启动子的甲基化可能与胃癌的发生、转移有关.

摘要:目的:探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)的表达与肝癌血管生成的关系及HIF-1α、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、微血管密度(MVD)对肝癌生物学行为的影响.方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测肝癌组织中HIF-1α、VEGF的表达,用CD34单克隆抗体标记肿瘤血管内皮细胞,计数肝癌组织中的肿瘤MVD.结果:肝癌组织中HIF-1α、VEGF的表达阳性率分别为71％、75％,MVD为41.32±9.47,明显高于正常肝组织(P＜0.01),HIF-1α与VEGF的表达及MVD的变化呈显著正相关(r=0.37,P＜0.05;r=0.685,P＜0.001).HIF-1α、VEGF、MVD与肝癌的淋巴转移、包膜及静脉侵犯密切相关(P＜0.05).结论:HIF-1α的表达与肝癌新生血管的生成密切相关,HIF-1α的过表达、高MVD与肝癌的不良生物学行为有关,影响肝癌的预后,可能成为预测肝癌转移复发的参考指标.

摘要:目的:观察胃旁路术(gastric bypass,GBP)对链脲佐菌素(strept-ozotocin,STZ)诱发的非肥胖型糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用及其与术后体重、饮食量改变的关系.方法:雄性SD大鼠腹腔注射STZ建立糖尿病模型后随机分为手术组(O组)、假手术组(S组)、饮食控制组(F组)、对照组(C组),每组8只,测定术前,术后第1、2、3、4、8周各组空腹血糖、体重、平均进食量.结果:O组GBP后第3周血糖由术前的17.6±4.2 mmol/L下降到13.2±3.5 mmol/L(P＜0.05),至实验结束血糖无反弹,S组术后与O组保持相似的体重改变,血糖无明显下降;F组控制平均进食量约为O组的1/3并导致显著体重下降,血糖下降没有O组明显(P＜0.05),术后第3周起O组的平均进食量少于S组和C组(P＜0.05).结论:GBP能显著降低STZ诱导的非肥胖型糖尿病大鼠血糖,并与GBP后大鼠体重下降及饮食减少无关.

摘要:目的:探讨呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)对致敏小鼠气道反应性的影响.方法:Balb/C小鼠30只,随机分成3组,分别为磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)对照组,鸡卵白蛋白(OVA)组和OVA/RSV组.应用OVA腹腔注射致敏、OVA气道雾化吸入结合RSV滴鼻激发复制哮喘模型,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)作细胞分类计数,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定BALF上清中白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-5、干扰素(IFN)-γ含量,肺组织切片行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察病理变化,动物体描箱法测定气道反应性(以肺阻力RL表示).结果:与OVA组比较,OVA/RSV组BALF中细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞均明显增加(P均＜0.01),BALF上清中IFN-γ、IL-4、IL-5含量均明显升高(P＜0.01);与OVA组比较,OVA/RSV组支气管黏膜增厚,管腔收缩、狭窄,上皮破坏,支气管周围炎症细胞浸润加重,气道反应性亦明显升高(P＜0.01).结论:OVA致敏小鼠RSV感染后可导致气道反应性明显增加,并和OVA致敏哮喘气道反应性增高具有不同的病理生理特征.

摘要:目的:构建小鼠Th1细胞特异性转录因子T-bet基因的腺相关病毒载体.方法:利用RT-PCR方法,从Balb/C小鼠脾细胞的mRNA中扩增T-bet基因全长cDNA,经测序证实后插入Pzac2.1质粒,用磷酸钙沉淀法,与pAddeltaF6及p5E18质粒共转染293细胞,包装成重组的病毒颗粒,并通过抽提病毒DNA进行PCR扩增鉴定重组病毒的形成,设立eGFP基因为对照.结果:1592 bp的小鼠T-bet基因被成功克隆,分析表明,与Genbank中发表的序列相比具有99.8％的同源性.重组质粒Pzac2.1-T-bet的PCR及酶切鉴定表明T-bet基因被定向插入,与pAddeltaF6及p5E18质粒共转染293细胞包装成病毒后,经荧光显微镜和病毒DNA的PCR检测,证实已完成对重组病毒的包装.结论:成功构建了小鼠T-bet基因的腺相关病毒载体rAAV-T-bet,为免疫紊乱性疾病的T-bet基因干预治疗奠定了基础.

摘要:目的:通过外科方法建立膜部/干下室间隔缺损(VSD)的动物模型.方法:6只成年草狗在全麻和气管插管下,左侧垫高45度卧位,经右侧第四肋间进胸,在胸腔内心超大血管短轴定位后,用改良的打孔器进行穿刺,经心超检查证实和测定最大分流速度和压力.结果:3只狗建模成功,2只建立了膜部室缺的模型,1只为干下室缺,超声心动图示室间隔缺损直径1.8～3.6mm,最大分流速度1.8～4.0 m/s,跨室缺压差为42～51 mmHg,肺动脉压力为25～29 mmHg.结论:采用改良的主动脉大隐静脉近端吻合器打孔器在心超定位后用外科手术方法成功建立狗膜部/干下VSD动物模型.

摘要:目的:探讨丙泊酚靶控输注(TCI)用于神经外科老年患者颅骨钻孔术镇静的可行性及血浆靶浓度.方法:随机选择颅骨钻孔术老年患者30例,男18例,女12例,ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级,年龄65～75岁.术前将患者性别、年龄和体重输入TCI泵,采用Marsh的药代动力学参数,以0.5 μg/ml为初始靶浓度(血浆靶浓度)开始输注丙泊酚,根据OAA/S镇静评分适当调整靶浓度(靶浓度每隔5 min增加0.1μg/ml),直至患者镇静深度稳定于OAA/S镇静评分为3分,记录OAA/S镇静稳定时的靶浓度.观察指标以靶控输注给药前MAP、HR、RR、SpO2、脑电双频谱指数(BIS)、ICP为各自基础值,观察基础、切皮前、切皮和钻孔时的MAP、HR、SPO2、BIS、ICP值变化和镇静满意程度及术后恢复时间(从停药至OAA/S评分为4分).结果:OAA/S镇静稳定时的血浆靶浓度为(1.22±0.13)μg/ml,术中各时点MAP(P＞0.01)和ICP较基础值有显著下降(P＞0.05),但MAP下降幅度在10％～17％,BIS值介于67～72(平均为69.9±1.4),HR和RR无显著变化,患者镇静效果满意.结论:丙泊酚靶控输注可用于神经外科老年患者,在颅骨钻孔术中血浆靶浓度以(1.22±0.13)μg/ml为参考指标,可获得理想的临床镇静效果.

摘要:目的:用高频超声对原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)患者眼底动脉和指动脉血流动力学进行研究,找出二者血流动力学的相互关系.方法:对临床确诊的36例POAG患者进行彩色多普勒检查,检测视网膜中央动脉(CRA)、睫状后动脉(PSA)和指动脉(FA)血流动力学变化.用相同的条件检测对照组72例的CRA、PSA、FA的血流动力学变化.结果:POAG组的CRA、PSA和FA的阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)高于对照组;POAG组与对照组的FA-RI/CRA-RI、FA-RI/SPA-RI、FA-PI/CRA-PI、FA-PI/SPA-PI比较,无显著差异.POAG组FA-RI与CRA-RI、SPA-RI的相关系数分别为0.491,0.510.结论:POAG组眼底动脉与指动脉血流动力学的变化趋势一致,POAG眼底动脉血流动力参数PI与指动脉血流动力学参数RI呈正相关,表明眼底血流动力学异常只是全身小动脉血流动力学异常的一部分.

摘要:目的:探讨重症肝病患者人工肝支持系统(ALSS)治疗前后凝血、抗凝、纤溶功能的变化.方法:PT、APTT、TT、Fib检测采用凝固法,AT-Ⅲ、PLG检测采用发色底物法,D-D检测采用免疫浊法,ALT和AST检测采用速率法;分别应用STA型全自动血凝分析仪及其相配套的试剂和O1ympus 800全自动生化分析仪检测.结果:凝血指标PT、APTT、TT在ALSS治疗后分别缩短了(11.8±13.0)s、(65.5±57.5)s、(20.7±62.7)s(P均＜0.01);Fib治疗后增加了(1.03±0.60)g/L(P＜0.01);D-二聚体和PLG分别减少了(1.09±2.2)μg/ml、(28.8±21.7)μg/ml(P均＜0.01);AT-Ⅲ活性增加了(29.6±42.5)％(P＜0.01);ALT和AST分别降低了(49.4±58.7)U和(51.6±72.8)U(P均＜0.01).结论:ALSS能够改善重症肝病患者的凝血、抗凝、纤溶功能.

摘要:目的:分析不同的曝光条件对于CR影像质量的影响.方法:用CR摄人体足标本,采用不同曝光条件,进行正位摄片,然后对胶片影像进行密度测定,从而判定CR影像的质量.结果:CR系统输出影像的密度值并不完全受曝光量大小控制,通过后处理功能总能获得适合人眼观察的照片密度,但并不能达到各个点标准密度值的要求.结论:找出或者利用最小的适宜曝光量,取得符合诊断要求的CR片,减少对患者的辐射剂量.

摘要:目的:探讨MRI在隐睾中定位诊断价值.方法:对65例临床未触及的单侧或双侧隐囊空虚患者行常规MRI和脂肪抑制技术T2WI(FS-T2WI)检查,所有患者均经手术证实.结果:所有患者均由MRI清楚或较清楚地显示隐睾:双侧9例(14％);单侧56例(86％),其中右侧32例,左侧24例.腹内型5例(8％),其中腹腔型4例,后腹膜型1例;腹股沟型60例(92％),其中腹股沟内环口15例,腹股沟管40例,腹股沟外环口5例.65例共74个隐睾,其中2个退化隐睾,未有隐睾恶变.显示隐睾睾丸引带60条(60/74,81％).结论:MRI无创、无辐射,且能多方位成像,是隐睾定性、定位的一种非常有效的影像手段;横断面及冠状面为其最佳成像平面;FS-T2WI更有助于隐睾的显示.

摘要:目的:评价近视患者角膜像差在不同区域内的变化.方法:对预行准分子激光手术的35例近视患者(共51只眼),采用KERATRON SCOUT OPTIKON 2000型角膜像差仪分别测量角膜中央7 mm范围内的高阶像差(球差、彗差)及总均方根值,将所得数据进行统计学分析.结果:角膜在7 mm范围内的像差分别为均方根值(RMS)0.44±0.05、0.74±0.12、1.22±0.23、1.96±0.42;彗差(Coma)为0.082±0.003、0.147±0.008、0.243±0.018、0.383±0.042;球差(SpAb)为0.0570±0.0046、0.1300±0.0016、0.254±0.004、0.447±0.012;各像差值四组间均有差异,有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而在不同屈光度数间各个范围内角膜像差值均无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论:角膜随着直径的扩大,像差也随之增加.角膜像差可以作为一种角膜屈光手术后视觉质量评价的方法以及为设定个体化的切削模式起重要作用.

摘要:目的:评价冠状动脉搭桥术后拔管延迟患者采用有创-无创序贯性机械通气策略的技术可行性及治疗效果.方法:选择择期冠状动脉搭桥术后按照标准的拔管程序超过8 h仍不能拔管的患者30例.临床出现有创-无创通气切换窗后,随机分为有创-无创序贯治疗组(Ⅰ组)和对照组(Ⅱ组)各15例.Ⅰ组立即拔除气管导管,应用口鼻面罩正压通气逐步撤机.Ⅱ组继续按常规有创机械通气撤机.比较两组患者有创和总机械通气时间、呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的发生情况、ICU停留时间及费用等方面差异有无显著性.结果:Ⅰ组在有创和总机械通气时间、ICU停留时间及费用等方面低于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05);VAP发生率两组间差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论:对冠状动脉搭桥术后拔管延迟患者采用有创-无创序贯性撤机,可以缩短机械通气时间,早期拔管,改善治疗效果.

摘要:目的:探讨外周静脉同步双管换血治疗新生儿高胆红素血症的疗效及安全性.方法:经头皮静脉输血股静脉抽血在生命体征监护下进行同步换血.结果:15例新生儿换血病例中,换血量为100～150 ml/kg,换血后总胆红素下降的差异有高度显著性(P＜0.001),总胆红素下降率达58.7％.换血后血红蛋白稍有下降,血糖及电解质无明显改变.结论:外周静脉同步双管换血疗法对于治疗新生儿高胆红素血症方便有效且又安全.

摘要:目的:研究应用切开复位内固定或(和)外支架固定治疗RüediⅡ、Ⅲ型Pilon骨折.方法:对23例胫骨远端平台骨折(Pilon骨折),Rüedi分型:Ⅱ型9例,Ⅲ型14例.均作切开复位,16例行内固定,7例行螺钉、克氏针内固定合并外支架固定.结果:本组23例随访6～38个月,骨折均愈合.疗效:优13例,良5例,可3例,差2例.结论:根据软组织条件行切开复位内固定或(和)外支架固定是治疗RüediⅡ、Ⅲ型Pilon骨折合理有效的方法.

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摘要:Objective: Low rate of medication usage and blood pressure (BP) control, bad lifestyle, poor cognition to hypertension, have been obstacles in prevention from hypertensive disease and complication in Chinese cohort. Health education appears to be an impendent measure to improve this situation. To study the effect of health education on the rate of medication usage and BP control, the lifestyle, and the incidence of complication among patients with hypertension. Methods: 284 hypertensive inpatients were divided randomly into two groups: the control group was intervened with routine medication; the education group was intervened with routine medication in combination with intensive health education according to the investigation on the risk factors of cardiocerebrovascular diseases and cognitive levels of hypertensivedisease. During 12.16 ± 1.95 months of following up,the status of lifestyle, the rate of medication usage and BP control, and incidence of complications between two groups were analyzed. Results: In education group, the rate of smoking, alcohol intake, lower-salt ingesting, exercise, medication usage and BP control were improved after intervention and significantly different from those before intervention (P ＜ 0.01). After intervention,the incidence of complications in education group and control group was 10.9％ and 30.5％ respectively (P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion:Intensive health education is an important measure in preventing from hypertension.

摘要:Objective: Being antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells(DCs) transport captured antigen from peripheral tissues to T cell zone of lymph nodes via lymphatic vessels. This migration is essential for the presentation of antigen that leads to priming of effector T cell responses. In this study, we tried to promote the migratory ability of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) loaded with antigen of breast cancer, and its immunological effect in vivo. Methods: After being loaded with breast carcinoma antigen, BMDCs were cultured with medium containing PGE2, LTC4, or Bryo-1 respectively. Phenotypic changes, CCR7 expression, chemotaxis assay, mixed lymphocyte response, specific T lymphocyte cytotoxicity assay and anti-tumor immune efficacy of BMDCs were observed. Results: PGE2 and LTC4 promoted maturation, CCR7 expression and migratory ability of BMDCs compared with control group in vitro. In vivo PGE2 and LTC4 group vaccines were more efficient on suppressing growth of mouse breast cancer than other groups. However Bryo-1 only enhanced BMDCs maturation. Conclusion: Because the effect of specific CTL in vitro had no difference, we suggested that migration of dendritic cells to lymph nodes maybe answered for the better anti-tumor immunological response induced by PGE2 or LTC4 in vivo.

摘要:Objective: To observe the effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) on the gene expressions of transcription factors (PDX-1, PAX-6 and NKx2.2) in freshly isolated rat pancreatic islets and investigate the associated physiological and therapeutic implication of GLP-1. Methods: The isolated rat islets were incubated with 10 nmol/L GLP-1 for 1, 3 and 5 days, respectively. Total cellular RNA was extracted and the expressions of PDX-1, PAX-6 and NKx2.2 gene were detected by semiquantity RT-PCR. Results: Compared with the control group, the PDX-1, PAX-6 and NKx2.2 gene expressions were significantly increased after co-cultured with GLP-1 for 1 day (P ＜ 0.05). The effect was shown in a time-dependent manner. All three gene expressions reached the peak on the 5th day. Conclusion: GLP-1 can improve the function of pancreatic islet by regulating the gene expressions of transcription factors in β cells.

摘要:Objective: To set up a method for isolation and culture of mature Sertoli cells and to estimate their effects on allogeneic islets cocultured in vitro. Methods: Adult SD rat testicular Sertoli cells were prepared successfully by three-step enzyme digestion. Then they were cocultured respectively with allogeneic islets and activated Wistar rat splenocytes. 24-hour cumulative insulin release and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion test were performed to detect islet function between pure islets culture group and coculture group. Splenocyte proliferation activity was determined by MTT colorimetry assay to observe the inhibition effect of Sertoli cells in different densities. Result: Firstly, in pure islet culture group, the 24-hour cumulative insulin release was gradually decreased in 21-day culture time. Compared to day 3, this change was significant on day 7 (P ＜ 0.05) and on day 10,14,21 (P ＜ 0.01). In contrast, in coculture group, compared to day 3, the 24-hour cumulative insulin release was increased significantly on day 7 (P ＜ 0.01 ), and then gradually decreased on day 10 and 14, but still higher than that of day 3. It was on day 21 that it began to decrease compared to day 3 (P ＜ 0.05). During the culture time in vitro, the 24-hour cumulative insulin release of islet coculture group was significantly higher than that of pure islets culture group (P ＜ 0.01). In the case of stimulation index(SI), there was a similar tendency as insulin release in the two groups. Secondly, mature Sertoli cells(1×106/mL)pretreated by 15 grays irradiation could decrease proliferation activity of activated splenocytes compared to that of control group (P ＜ 0.01 ). This inhibition effect was dose-dependent. Conclusion: Mature Sertoli cells can improve the function and prolong the survival of islet cells cultured in vitro. They can also provide an immune protection to islet cells. The approach described above might be applicable to human islet transplantation as soon as if it is also valid in large animal models.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) and its biological behavior in human cervix carcinoma. Methods: Immunohistochemisty technique was used to detect the expression of Fas and FasL in 47 cases of cervical carcinoma, 16 cases of cervical interaepithelial neoplasia, 10 cases of chronic cervicitis and 10cases of normal cervix. TUNEL technique was used to observe the apoptic cells in 47 cases of cervical carcinoma. Retrospective study was carried out to find the relationship between the expression of Fas and FasL and cell apoptosis, clinical stage, pathological classification, lymph node metastasis, prognosis and age. Results: The expression of Fas and FasL was significantly different in different cervix (P ＜ 0.01 ), and also related to the degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis and prognosis (P ＜ 0.05).But had no relation with clinical stage or age (P ＞ 0.05); Cervix carcinoma cells apoptosis in different pathological classification appeared negative relation (Rs=-0.35, P ＜ 0.05). Cervix carcinoma cell apoptosis was significantly higher in Fas-positive and FasLpositive than that in Fas-negative and FasL-negative (P ＜ 0.05). By retrospective investigation, Fas-negative and FasL-positive were related to poor prognoses of the patients with cervical carcinoma (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The development of apoptosis in cervix carcinoma has a promoting regulation function in Fas and FasL expression. Gene treatment can alter apoptosis abnormality,thus induce apoptosis in cancerous cell expressing Fas and FasL. Fas or FasL may be taken as a marker in the prognostic characterization.

摘要:Objective: To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the expression of drug transporting molecules in multidrug resistance malignant neoplasma acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) MR2 cell line. Methods: MR2 resistant to alltrans retinoic acid (ATRA) and non-ATRA resistant APL cell line NB4 were used. Expressions of P-glycoprotein (Pgp), multidrug resistance protein (MRP) and lung resistance-related protein (LRP) were detected by immunocytochemical assay. Results:The expression of Pgp was significantly higher in MR2(30％-40％) than that in NB4 (10％-20％) (P ＜ 0.001), and the expression of MRP was also higher in MR2 (56.9 ± 3.4 ～ 21.2 ± 1.1) than that in NB4 (20.6 ± 5.3 ～ 16.7 ± 1.2) (P ＜ 0.001). As2O3 ranging from 0.5-2.0 μmol/L could significantly decrease the expressions of Pgp and MRP. The expression of Pgp and MRP in MR2 cell line were negatively correlated with the dose and duration of action of As2O3. Conclusion: Pgp and MRP may be the sensitive targets of As2O3 to overcome drug-resistance. ATRA might be the substrates of Pgp and MRP.

摘要:Objective: To report 32 cases of femur supracondylar fracture treated with retrograde interlocking inramedullary nails in elderly patients. Methods: According to the AO classification, all of 32 cases were classified as extra-articular type A. 32 cases were treated with interlocking intramedullary nail by closed insertion from intercondylar fossa of the knee. All cases accepted CPM exercise as early as possible after operation. Results: Following up 5 to 15 months, all fractures united within an average duration of 5.3 months (4-7 months). According to the Shelbourne scale, the excellent rate of the knee function was 86.3％. Conclusion: Retrograde interlocking intramedullary nail is useful alternative implant for the treatment of osteoporotic supracondylar fracture of femur, particularly of the type A fracture in the elderly population. Its merits include stable fixation,high rate of fracture union and few complications.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the expression of CD40 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) in asthmatic rats and the effect of anti-CD40L McAb on cytokines of PBMCs. Methods: Flow cytometry and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of CD40 and CD40L of PBMCs in asthmatic rats. After the PBMCs was treated with anti-CD40L McAb, ELISA was used to detect the IL-4 and IFN-γ levels of culture supernatants. Results: Compared with the normal control group, the expression of CD40 and CD40L of PBMCs in asthmatic rats increased (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the untreated group, the level of IL-4 and the ratio of IL4/IFN-γ decreased after the PBMCs was treated with anti-CD40L McAb(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of CD40 and CD40L on the surface of PBMCs in asthmatic rats was up-regulated.Anti-CD40L McAb can rectify the imbalance of Th1 and Th2 cytokines.

摘要:Objective: To establish a rat model of combined kidney-adrenal gland and allotransplantation, and to explore the immunoprotecive effect of the transplanted adrenal gland on the transplanted kidney in the combined transplantation.Methods: SD rats 160 served as donors and recipients. The combined kidney-adrenal gland allotransplantation was performed.Infusion was conducted and prepared at prime position ,and the kidney and adrenal gland were at the left side. Direct vascular anastomosis and operation of connecting ureter attached part of bladder with the bladder were conducted. The kidney pedicle of the right side was ligated. Results: A stable and mature rat model of combined transplantation was established. The warm ischemia time was 30 seconds, and the cold ischemia time was 90-120min. The average time was 100 min. The operation time was 150 min.The survival time of the recipients was 21 days. The successful rate of the operation was 75％. Conclusion: The model of the combined kidney-adrenal gland allotransplantation can be established with higher successful rate. The model can be used to explore that transplanted adrenal gland may have immunoprotecive effect on the transplanted kidney in the combined transplantation.

摘要:Objective: To evaluate the influence of complete and incomplete pelvic autonomic nerve preservation (PANP) on urination function in patients with resection of rectal carcinoma. Methods: The changes of pre-and post-operative residual urine volume (RUV) in patient undergoing complete PANP (n = 15) and incomplete PANP (n = 17) were observed.Results: In fifteen cases with complete PANP, preoperative RUV was 4.09 ml, 14 days and 3 months after operation RUV were 8.00 ml and 7.02 ml (P ＞ 0.05). In seventeen cases with incomplete PANP, preoperative RUV was 3.90 mi, 14 days and 3months after operation RUV were 36.55 ml and 22.64 ml (P ＜ 0.001 ). Conclusion: Complete and incomplete pelvic autonomic preservation may affect urination function in patients with resection of rectal carcinoma and RUV is an effective indicator if the pelvic autonomic nerves are preserved completely.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the antinociceptive effects of Riluzole administered intraperitoneally in three hyperalgesia model of mice. Methods: Antinociceptive tests in C57BL mice were investigated with formalin test、acetic acid induced writhing test and tail-immersion test. The effects of intraperitoneally Riluzole 2 mg/kg、4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg on the pain threshold were observed. Result: We found that i.p. treatment with Riluzole (4 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg) blocked the second phase flinching behavior compared with vehicle (P ＜ 0.05), but not during the first phase in the formalin test. In addition to the formalin test, Riluzole at different dose (from 2 to 8 mg/kg) attenuated acetic acid induced writhing response when compared to vehicle group (P ＜ 0.05). In the tail-immersion test, Riluzole at the highest dose (8 mg/kg) caused significant increase in tail flick response latency as compared to vehicle animals or compared with Baseline (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that glutamate release inhibitor Riluzole can attenuate nociceptive behavior and has differrent antinociceptive characteristic according to the various pain models.

摘要:Objective: To generate eukaryotic expression vector of pcDNA3.1-BACE and obtain its transient expression in COS-7 cells and high expression in the neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Methods: A 1503 bp cDNA fragment was amplified from the total RNA of human neuroblastoma by RT-PCR method and cloned into plasmid pcDNA3.1. The vector was identified by digestion with restriction enzymes BamHI and XhoI and sequenced by Sanger-dideoxy-mediated chain termination. The expression of BACE gene was detected by immunocytochemistry method. Results: The results showed that the cDNAfragment included 1503 bp total coding region. The recombinant eukaryotic cell expression vector of pcDNA3.1-BACE was constructed successfully,and the sequence of insert was identical to the published sequence. The COS-7 cells and the neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells transfected with the pcDNA3.1-BACE plasmid expressed high level of BACE protein in cytoplasm. Conclusion: The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-BACE can provide very useful tool for researching the reason of Alzheimer's disease and lays the important foundation for preventing the AD laterly.

摘要:Objective: To study the effects of kadsurenone on inflammatory mediators Platelet-activating factor (PAF),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in rat model of acute pancreatitis(AP). Methods: SD male rats (104)were randomly divided into sham group (n = 24), AP group (n = 40) and kadsurenone group (n = 40). The rats were killed 3,6, 12 and 24 hours after operation. The serum level of PAF, TNF-α and IL-6 was measured. Results: The serum level of PAF,TNF-α and IL-6 of AP group was significantly increased(P ＜ 0.01)compared with control group. The serum level of TNF-α got to a peak 6 hours after operation, and the serum IL-6 getting to a peak 12 hours after operation in AP group. After kadsurenone was administered to AP rats, pancreas and lung myeloperoxidase (MPO), serum amylase activity was reduced. Histology showed a trend toward improvement. The serum level of PAF, TNF-α and IL-6 was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion:Kadsurenone can reduce the severity of systemic inflammation in rats with AP and relieve the damage of the pancreas and lung in AP rats. These results suggested that kadsurenone may be useful in the treatment of acute pancreatitis.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the role of large Ca2+-activated, delayed-rectifier and ATP-sensitive potassium channel in regulating the relaxation induced by nitric oxide (NO) in normal and passively sensitized human airway smooth muscle (HASM) with serum from asthmatic patients. Methods: The effects of NO or/and potassium channel blockers on the tensions of normal and passively sensitized HASM were measured by using nitric oxide donor and potassium blockers, with the isometric tension recording technique. Results: Showed that (1)In the control group and passively sensitized group, Kv blocker (4-AP) cause concentration-dependent augmentation in the contraction induced by histamine (1 ×10-4 mol/L), (P ＜ 0.05), but Glib (1 × 10-2 mol/L)and TEA (1×10-3 mol/L) have no significant effects on the contraction induced by histamine (1×10-4 mol/L). The maximum tension induced by histamine in passively sensitized group is higher than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). (2) NO-donor Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP) bring about significant relaxation in normal and passively sensitized HASM rings (P ＜ 0.05). Relaxations of passively sensitized airway rings [ (29.4 ± 3.3)％ ] were significant less than those of normal HASM rings [ (44.1 ± 10.2)％ ], (P ＜0.05).(3) Glib(1×10-2 mol/L)have no significant effect on the relaxations induced by SNP(1×10-4 mol/L). 4-AP(1×10-2 mol/L) inhibited relaxation induced by SNP (1×10-4 mol/L), (P ＜ 0.01). TEA (1×10-3 mol/L) inhibited relaxation induced by SNP (1×10-4mol/L) (P ＜ 0.05), and the inhibiting effect in passively sensitized HASM rings were significant less than in normal HASM, (P ＜0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that SNP(NO-donor) relaxed the contraction of HASM partly via BKca channel opening. In passively sensitized HASM in vitro, the relaxation of SNP decreased compared with control group, which might be associated with the down-regulating activity of BKca in passively sensitized HASM.

摘要:Objective: Lymphangioma is a benign tumor representing a congenital malformation of the lymphatic channels. The cavernous lymphangioma of the bladder did not report before. Here we report 1 case of cavernous lymphangioma of the bladder in an adult female and review the literature in order to accumulate the experience of diagnosis and treatment for these diseases. Methods: In our case a 50-year-old woman presented with irritative voiding symptoms and had painless macroscopic hematuria at times. Cystoscopy showed a non-papillary tumor at apex vesicae and mucous membrane hyperaemia between the two orifices within the trigone. The pathologic diagnosis was cystitis glandularis with hyperplasia of urothelium and cavernous lymphangioma in lamina propria. Transurethral resection was performed and then bleomycin A5 was injected into lesion multipoint applying ureteral catheter with puncture needle. Results: Two months after operation the irritative voiding symptoms improved and the urine analysis was normal. Cystoscopy showed no residual tumor. Bleomycin A5 was injected into the lesion area again just like the operation before. All symptoms disappeared completely when the patient was examined a month later. There was no side effect after injection and no recurrence during the follow-up of 1 year. Conclusion: Lymphangioma of the bladder can be diagnosed exactly by cystoscopy and pathological examination. Surgery may be the best treatment. The bleomycin A5 intralesional sclerosant is also an effective therapy for the disease after surgical removal.

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摘要:如何对待马克思主义,不仅仅是一个理论问题,也是一个关系到中国社会主义成败的重大实践问题.《江泽民文选》告诉我们,搞社会主义必须坚持马克思主义,坚持开放的、与时俱进的、不断发展的马克思主义.学习江泽民的马克思主义观,对于我们进一步弄清楚"什么是马克思主义"和"怎样坚持马克思主义",坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的领导地位,具有重要的现实意义.

摘要:中国罪犯改造工作经过多年的努力和探索,形成了比较完整的工作体系,但再犯罪率的攀升,对社会的安全构成了极大的威胁.笔者觉得应该从更深层次的心理因素入手,注重加强心理矫正在罪犯改造中终结意义上的思索,也许能起到事半功倍的效果.社会化是人的终身课题,改造不是万能的,罪犯回归社会后,仍然需要有相应的配套措施安排解决后续问题,否则有可能再度走上犯罪的道路,对社会的危害更大.

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摘要:医疗行为是探讨医疗事故,医疗差错的起点,但学界对医疗行为的探讨并不多.医疗行为一词的内涵经历了一个由狭窄到宽泛的演变过程.医疗行为概念是指需依赖医师的医学判断及其技术而实施的行为.法律要求医师所具备的医学判断及技术,包括了具有强烈科技性的医学知识,也包括已被设定为法律义务的职业道德.前者是医学作为自然科学的必然要求,后者是医学在与社会互动过程中的必然要求.医师的专业性就是建立在这两个部分的有机结合之上的.

摘要:后现代主义是20世纪具有广泛影响力的世界性文化思潮,一种全新的思维方法,它涉及到众多学科领域.文章在充分阐述后现代主义特征的基础上,以"试管婴儿"技术引起传统伦理表征变化为研究对象,从后现代主义角度分析研究了该技术所带来的伦理问题,发现试管婴儿技术一方面突破了传统的生殖观念,运用崭新的科学技术挽救了一个个濒临破碎的家庭,从而保证了社会的稳定,促进了社会文明和进步;另一方面,后现代主义崇尚多元、创新,试管婴儿技术实现了医学的跨越式进步,对于科学发展起到了非常大的促进作用.

摘要:阿尔贝特·施韦泽的"敬畏生命"伦理思想对人与自然的关系进行了深入反思,并提出人应当敬畏自然界的一切生命,包括动物和植物,这样的伦理才是完整的.科学和伦理发展的失衡造成现代社会的文化危机,要解除这种危机,就要用"敬畏生命"的伦理思想去提升和净化人类的精神世界.施韦泽的伦理思想对现代医学教育也有着重要的启示意义,有助于医学生伦理意识的培养和提高.

摘要:艾滋病自愿咨询检测(volunrary counseling and testing,VCT),是指人们在经过咨询以后能够对于是否做艾滋病检测做出自我选择的过程.开展VCT服务是进入艾滋病预防、治疗、心理社会支持和关怀工作的切入点和枢纽.在预防HIV的传播,对患者提供情感支持,减少对HIV感染者的歧视以及为感染者提供合适的治疗转诊服务等方面都具有重要意义.VCT服务在江苏的试点已显示出大众对此服务的强烈需求.如果当前能在全省广泛开展艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务,尽早发现感染者,并有针对性地开展各项干预措施,将对江苏省艾滋病防治产生积极作用.

摘要:目的:了解村卫生室消毒状况及村医对相应知识的掌握程度,探讨促进消毒质量的方法.方法:对2003～2006年某区村卫生室消毒质量以及乡村医生对消毒防病知识掌握情况进行抽样调查.结果:近四年来本区村卫生室消毒总合格率为44.0﹪,培训次数与消毒质量有关(P＜0.001).结论:加强相关人员的培训是提高消毒质量的有效手段.

摘要:文章介绍了非营利性医院的性质及存在的原因,并强调非营利性医院的绩效来自非营利性,并针对非营利医院的特殊性提出了对其进行绩效评估的独特维度应该包括适当性、公平性、服务效率、过程质量和财务状况五个方面,并据此分析了各维度的内容及其相关测量的要求.

摘要:改革开放对医疗服务补偿机制带来了很大的冲击,医院必须不断地改善医疗服务的质量和效率,争取用最短的时间和最低的成本提供最令患者满意的医疗服务,才能在竞争激烈的市场中生存并壮大起来,医院所追求的竞争优势也不再是规模、地段、床位数和先进的仪器设备等,而是技术、人才、服务、管理等核心竞争力的较量."流程再造"在国外已被公认为新的管理革命的理论基石.我国学者也开始注重对医院管理流程的研究和尝试.文章就医疗服务流程再造的现状和发展趋势做一综述,以期引起医院管理层的广泛思考.

摘要:当前医院青年职工的价值取向从单一走向多元化,表现为"一个中心"、"二个矛盾"、"三个转变"、"四个更多",具有主体性、多样性、兼容性、波动性等特点.在此背景下,医院的思想政治工作应三管齐下:理解和信任并重,引导和教育同步,务实和创新结合.

摘要:病案首页是患者接受检查、诊断、治疗、护理以及病情发生、发展和转归详细系统的缩影.是整个病案中信息最集中、最主要、最核心的部分.同时病案首页统计在医疗、教学、科研及医疗纠纷中发挥着非常重要的作用.但在实际工作中,临床医师往往忽视病案首页的重要性,首页质量缺陷、漏填、错填现象比较普遍,影响了病案统计信息的准确性.文章通过抽查2003～2005年23 808份外科住院病历,对影响病案首页质量的原因进行分析,提出相应的管理措施,增加病案首页内涵,提高医师业务素质,使病案首页内容完整准确达到应有的质量标准.

摘要:近三年来,学院围绕对学生综合素质的培养,逐步实施"早期接触社会,早期接触临床,早期接触科研"(三早)教育.经对学生进行整群问卷调查和统计学分析,结果提示"三早教育"对于培养学生的综合素质,特别是在培养学生与人沟通的能力、工作能力、爱心与责任心、掌握医学知识与了解科研等方面非常有利.同时表明,有计划、有组织、有指导的开展"三早教育"成效较好.

摘要:社会主义荣辱观是科学的世界观、人生观、价值观的有机统一,具有鲜明的时代特征.针对当前高等医学院校医德教育面对的问题,指出对医学生进行医德教育应注重社会主义荣辱观教育,并提出了工作思路.

摘要:在认识理解"礼仪"及"礼仪教育"的基本含义基础上,阐述礼仪教育的社会功能及其与德育的关系,提出把礼仪教育作为加强德育实效性的切入点,有效解决知行统一的问题,引导大学生培养高尚的道德情操,形成正确的道德观、价值观、世界观,培养内在素质优秀,外在形象良好,德才兼备的大学生.

摘要:当前,医学大学生道德观念面临许多困惑,教师是学校教育的主导力量,德育教育应该是全体教师的责任.而院校教育中德育与智育截然分开的现象尚未完全克服,特别是如何在专业课程中贯穿德育教育依然存在许多问题.文章对德育教育在专业课教学中的地位以及如何在专业课中渗透德育教育提出了自己的独到见解,包括热爱祖国,富于理想;团结协作,人际和谐;追求真理,实事求是;意志坚强,品质优良;勤劳节俭,不惧吃亏等几个方面的体会.

摘要:现代教育理念的推行,医学科学的发展,医学教育的改革和我国高等教育的发展都对我国医学教育教学管理提出了挑战.我国高等医学院校在教育教学管理理念、管理体制、管理方法及管理队伍等方面均已不能适应新的形势.作者建议积极探索高等医学教育教学管理体制、模式和方法改革,进一步加强医学教育教学管理队伍建设,建立健全现代教学管理制度,完善教学管理质量监控机制.

摘要:高校辅导员心理素质如何,直接影响着学生思想政治工作的效果和自身的发展.文章拟从高校辅导员具备良好心理素质的必要性,辅导员应具备的心理素质及加强和提高辅导员心理素质的途径进行探讨.

摘要:中国加入WT0,意味着中国经济与国际接轨的力度进入了一个新的里程碑,经济全球化对人才培养提出了更高的要求.中外合作办学模式作为一种促进教育改革的新模式已经走过了十年春秋,正方兴未艾.文章结合当前中外合作办学的现状和存在的八大主要问题,提出了中外合作办学的四项基本原则和五项对策,为进一步提高中外合作办学质量,积极发挥比较优势,努力开拓国际教育市场提供借鉴.

摘要:文章阐述了大学功能区的形成、特点,通过对南京市江宁大学功能区对江宁新区的人力资源、技术水平、产业结构、城市化进程、文化建设等方面的影响分析后认为,大学功能区对南京城市新区的发展已经产生了极大的推动作用.

摘要:为了探索口腔基础课的教学模式,通过问卷的方式调查分析口腔临床医学五、七年制学生对口腔基础课开展双语教学的态度和要求.结果表明56.52﹪的学生认为口腔基础课应逐步开展双语教学,94﹪的学生认为基础医学专业词汇缺乏;而教师英语水平的提高及合适的双语教材的编写成为能否有效开展双语教学的关键所在.因此口腔基础课在有充分师资准备及合适教材的基础上可以逐步开展双语教学.

摘要:文章以认知语言学理论为基础,基于对语言产生模式以及图式理论的探讨,从教学内容,课堂活动以及评估测试几个方面来试图建立一个面向医学专业研究生的可行的视听说教学模式.因为语言学习也是一种认知过程,所以教学模式应该以认知为基础,以学生为中心(学生是认知的主体).在选择教学内容,设计课堂活动以及进行测试评估时都应该以认知发展的规律为指导.

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