摘要:目的:探讨内源性结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)在人肾小管上皮细胞(HK2)转分化过程中的作用.方法:将HK2细胞分为4组:对照组;转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)5 ng/ml刺激组;TGF-β15 ng/ml刺激+CTGF反义ODN 3 mmol/L干预组;TGF-β15 ng/ml刺激+CTGF正义ODN 3 mmol/L对照组.用倒置显微镜观察各组细胞的形态学变化,用RT-PCR检测各组细胞中CTGF、上皮细胞钙粘蛋白(E-cadherin)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、纤连蛋白(FN)mRNA表达变化.结果:TGF-β1刺激使HK2细胞形态由椭圆形转为梭形;下调E-cadherin mRNA表达,上调CTGF、α-SMA和FN mRNA表达,且CTGF mRNA表达变化在时间上早于E-cadherin、α-SMA和FN mRNA表达变化;CTGF反义ODN可对抗TGF-β1引起的细胞形态学改变和E-cadherin、CTGF、α-SMA、FN mRNA表达变化效应.结论:内源性CTGF介导了TGF-β1对HK2细胞的转分化效应.

摘要:目的:观察Resistin基因在3T3-L1脂肪细胞诱导分化过程中不同时段表达水平的变化,探讨Resistin基因与脂肪细胞分化、脂质积聚之间的关系.方法:体外培养3T3-L1前体脂肪细胞,在诱导其向成熟脂肪细胞分化的不同时段(第0～10天),采用RT-PCR技术检测脂肪细胞中Resistin基因mRNA的表达水平.结果:①Resistin基因在3T3-L1前体脂肪细胞诱导分化初期(第0～2天)不表达,分化第3天开始表达,分化第4～6天Resistin基因的表达显著上调,分化第6～10天Resistin基因的表达保持在较高水平并趋于稳定;②Resistin基因的表达水平除在诱导分化第3～4天、第6～10天内差异无显著性(P＞0.05)外,其余各时段间表达水平差异均有显著性(P＜0.01).结论:Resistin基因可能参与了脂肪细胞分化的中晚期过程,在3T3-L1脂肪细胞分化过程中表达逐渐上调,其表达变化与脂肪细胞分化、脂质积聚过程相一致.

摘要:目的:观察重组Leptin干预对原代培养的新生大鼠下丘脑神经元STAT3磷酸化蛋白的表达的影响,探讨Leptin干预及STAT3的磷酸化在肥胖发生中的可能作用,以期更加深入的研究肥胖症发生的中枢信号转导机制.方法:取新生5～7天SD大鼠下丘脑神经元,分散培养,观察下丘脑神经元的形态和NSE免疫染色鉴定活性;培养7天后,Leptin(100 ng/ml培养液)干预24 h,免疫细胞化学染色检测下丘脑神经元STAT3和磷酸化STAT3蛋白的表达情况.结果:新生大鼠下丘脑培养神经细胞接种时为圆形,逐渐贴壁、伸出突起;培养7～10天,神经细胞生长良好,细胞胞体逐渐增大,胞核和核仁清晰可见.神经元多数为突起多极细胞.神经细胞NSE染色呈阳性,胞浆和突起被染成棕色;而非神经细胞呈阴性反应.无Leptin干预时,下丘脑神经元胞浆和胞核内STAT3蛋白表达呈阳性,而磷酸化STAT3蛋白呈阴性表达.Leptin干预24 h后,培养下丘脑神经元的胞核和胞浆内均有磷酸化STAT3蛋白的表达,呈棕黄色.STAT3蛋白表达仍为阳性.结论:重组Leptin干预可以影响培养的下丘脑神经元中STAT3磷酸化蛋白的表达,并增强其活性.

摘要:目的:探讨叶酸缺乏孕鼠的子代心脏发育过程中GATA-4基因和蛋白的表达改变.方法:成熟雌性SD大鼠36只随机分为实验组和对照组各18只,分别喂以缺乏叶酸和添加叶酸的纯合饲料.两周后与成熟SD雄性大鼠交配,分别取孕13.5天(E13.5 d)、孕17.5天(E17.5 d)胚胎的心脏及新生鼠的心脏.用RT-PCR检测GATA-4基因mRNA的表达.Western-blotting测GATA-4蛋白水平的表达.结果:GATA-4基因mRNA在E13.5 d、E17.5 d的胚胎心脏及新生鼠心脏中的表达量,实验组均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).GATA-4蛋白在E13.5 d、E17.5 d的胚胎心脏及新生鼠心脏中的表达量,实验组均显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论:叶酸的缺乏影响GATA-4基因和蛋白水平的表达,可能导致心脏发生发育中形态的改变,从而造成心脏的功能缺陷.

摘要:目的:探讨PEA3基因在大鼠肾脏组织发育后期不同阶段的表达变化,分析PEA3基因与肾脏发育的关系.方法:获取出生后第1、7、21天和成年大鼠肾脏组织,采用RT-PCR技术检测肾脏组织中PEA3基因mRNA的表达水平.结果:PEA3基因在新生鼠肾脏表达丰富(64.09±10.12)％,出生后7天表达明显减少(22.43±7.97)％,出生后21天(12.79±2.90)％和成年鼠肾(11.17±3.08)％表达微弱,除出生后21天和成年大鼠两组间表达没有统计学差异外,其他各组表达差异均有统计学意义.结论:PEA3基因的表达水平随肾脏发育的成熟而下降,可能与肾脏发生发育有关.

摘要:目的:观察小G蛋白Rho相关激酶(Rock-1)基因在大鼠缺氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)肺组织中的表达规律,探讨法舒地尔(fasudil)对HPH的预防作用.方法:72只SD大鼠随机分为缺氧模型组(H组)和缺氧+fasudil预防组(fasudil组),对照组(C组).采用常压间断缺氧法复制大鼠HPH模型,右心导管测平均肺动脉压力(mPAP),计算右心室(RV)/[左心室+室间隔(LV+S)]的重量比值作为右心肥厚指数,并用RT-PCR方法测定肺组织Rock-1及平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)mRNA表达水平.结果:mPAP在缺氧7天后明显增高(P＜0.01),并随缺氧时间的延长,进一步升高.右心肥厚指数在H组第7天开始升高,第14天与C组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.01).与H组比较,fasudil组mPAP及右心肥厚指数均明显降低(P＜0.01).Rock-1基因在HPH发生早期即明显上调,第7天达高峰后维持于较高水平.α-SMA基因表达第7天明显上调,第14天达高峰,至模型后期仍高于基础表达;Rock-1基因表达较α-SMA提前达到高峰,二者呈显著正相关(r=0.883,P＜0.05);fasudil组两基因表达水平均较H组明显降低(P＜0.01).结论:Rock-1基因在HPH大鼠肺组织中出现了明显表达异常,法舒地尔能显著降低mPAP,改善右心室肥厚,并可能通过抑制肺组织Rock-1基因表达发挥作用.

摘要:目的:在乳酸乳球菌中表达大鼠血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)基因.方法:采用RT-PCR技术从大鼠脾总RNA中分离扩增血红素加氧酶HO-1基因,将该基因克隆进pGEM-T easy质粒中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α提取质粒,鉴定HO-1基因.酶切后与pSEC质粒连接,经电击转化,将重组质粒转入乳酸乳球菌NZ9000中,转化子在含有氯霉素的脑心浸液培养基上培养.用nisin诱导HO-1表达,SDS-PAGE、Western blot鉴定表达产物,并采用分光光度法测定HO-1活性.结果:表达产物相对分子量约为32 kU,表达量约为7.0 mg/L,H0-1活性为2.386 U/(mg·h).结论:乳酸乳球菌能够表达具有生物活性的大鼠H0-1.

摘要:目的:研究迷走神经刺激(VNS)后激活的丘脑室旁核(PV)、下丘脑室旁核(PVN)的神经元是否含谷氨酸能神经元.方法:利用FOS和谷氨酸免疫组化双标法观察迷走神经刺激后PV、PVN的双标细胞.结果:VNS后PV、PVN中存在谷氨酸和FOS双标细胞.结论:VNS激活了PV、PVN的谷氨酸能神经元.

摘要:目的:探讨大鼠同种异体肾移植外周血淋巴细胞(peripheral blood lymphocyte,PBL)穿孔素、颗粒酶B和FasL mRNA表达与急性排斥反应(acute rejection,AR)的关系.方法:采用TdT介导的脱氧核苷酸原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测移植肾脏中的凋亡细胞.另外同时检测血清肌酐水平.采用逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测移植肾和PBL中穿孔素、颗粒酶B和FasL mRNA表达,并以同基因肾移植为对照.结果:病理学检查结果显示实验组大鼠在术后第5、7、9～11天分别发生轻、中、重度排斥,对照组无明显排斥现象.实验组于手术后第5、7、9～11天细胞凋亡数明显高于对照组(P＜0.01);肾小管上皮细胞凋亡程度与血清肌酐水平、病理学检查结果一致.RT-PCR结果显示实验组于术后3～5天起,肾组织和PBL中穿孔素、颗粒酶B和FasL mRNA表达水平即显著升高,于术后7～9天达到高峰,与对照组相比差异有显著性(P＜0.01).外周血和肾组织中FasL、穿孔素和颗粒酶B mRNA的表达水平平均在急性排斥反应发生前3～5天开始明显上升,其变化趋势早于血清肌酐.结论:定量RT-PCR测定外周血淋巴细胞中穿孔素、颗粒酶B和FasL mRNA表达可以较敏感预测肾移植急性排斥反应的发生,具有临床诊断参考价值.

摘要:目的:观察血管紧张素Ⅱ受体Ⅰ阻滞剂Valsartan对家兔颈动脉球囊损伤模型动脉中膜血管平滑肌细胞增殖、迁移的抑制作用.方法:健康家兔制作颈动脉球囊损伤模型,随机分为对照组(n=10)和Valsartan治疗组(n=10),治疗组术后予Valsartan喂食,10 mg/(kg·d),共10天,对照组正常喂食.各组动物术前和术后3天、1、2、4、8周留取静脉血,放免法检测内皮素(ET-I);术后4、8周每组随即处死动物5只,HE染色、原位标记凋亡细胞(TUNEL)和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫组化染色,应用光学显微镜和计算机图像分析系统对切片进行图像分析.结果:术后3天、1、2、4、8周治疗组血浆ET-1水平低于对照组(P＜0.01);术后4周和8周治疗组血管壁平滑肌细胞凋亡率高于对照组,PCNA阳性率低于对照组(P＜0.05);动脉内膜、中膜厚度和面积小于对照组(P＜0.01);残余管腔面积大于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:血管紧张素Ⅱ受体Ⅰ阻滞剂valsartan可以抑制内膜受损动脉中膜平滑肌细胞增殖和向内膜迁移,并促进其凋亡,预防受损动脉内膜过度增生,管腔狭窄.

摘要:目的:探讨CD44v6和VEGF在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床特征之间的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学二步法,检测105例胃癌组织中CD44v6及VEGF的表达,分析了CD44v6、VEGF与胃癌组织学分型、浸润深度及淋巴结转移的关系.结果:105例胃癌组织中CD44v6阳性率为71.43％(75/105),VEGF阳性表达率为58.10％(61/105),两者表达情况与胃癌的组织学类型的分化等级、浸润深度和有无淋巴结转移有明显差异(P＜0.05).结论:同时进行CD44v6和VEGF免疫组织化学检测对于评估胃癌的预后有一定意义.

摘要:目的:进一步验证糖尿病患者眼前房液中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)变化的临床意义,研究VEGF在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)发病机制中的作用.方法:收集糖尿病不伴有眼底改变与患有糖尿病视网膜病变白内障患者的前房液样本,并以无糖尿病白内障患者的前房液样本作为对照,用ELISA方法测定了前房液中VEGF的含量.结果:对照组10例前房液样本VEGF含量为0.糖尿病患者无眼底改变组中4例VEGF含量为0,12例VEGF含量为(108.8±40.3)ng/L;单纯型DR组中有2例VEGF含量为0,7例VEGF含量为(247.7±79.1)ng/L;增生型DR组6例VEGF含量为(552.3±130.9)ng/L.和对照相比糖尿病患者眼前房液中VEGF的含量均显著增加(P＜0.01),并且随着DR病情的进展以及病程的延长而增高(P＜0.05);增生型DR组的糖尿病病程明显长于无眼底改变组、单纯型DR组(P＜0.05).结论:VEGF积极参与了DR的发生发展,并与DR后期新生血管形成关系密切.

摘要:目的:观察不同麻醉及镇痛方法对老年食管癌患者围手术期外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的影响.方法:40例ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ级年龄65岁以上的老龄食管癌开胸患者,根据麻醉和术后镇痛方法不同随机分为2组,每组20例.Ⅰ组为静脉复合全麻,术后篌经静脉曲马多(12 mg/kg)自控镇痛;Ⅱ组为静脉复合全麻联合胸部硬膜外阻滞,术后硬膜外吗啡5 mg+罗哌卡因75 mg自控镇痛,分别于麻醉前、术毕、术后24、48、120 h 5个时点从颈内静脉抽取静脉血,采用流式细胞仪测定外周血T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+/、CD8+),同时测定各时点皮质醇水平,并用视觉模拟评分(vAS)判定术后镇痛效果.结果:术前老年食管癌患者CD3+、CD4+、CD4/CD8水平低于正常对照组,两组患者均有较好的术后镇痛效果,Ⅰ组患者VAS评分于术后24、48 h明显高于Ⅱ组(P＜0.01).两组患者在术毕、术后24、48 h血浆皮质醇水平均明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),Ⅱ组在术毕、术后24 h升幅明显小于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05).与麻醉前相比,术毕、术后24、48 h,两组CD3+、CD4+及CD4/CD8均明显下降(P＜0.01);术后120 h,Ⅱ组各指标恢复(P＞0.05);Ⅱ组于术后48 h CD4+、术后120 h CD3+、CD4+、CD4/CD8明显高于Ⅰ组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).结论:全麻复合胸部硬膜外麻醉能减轻围手术期应激反应及其对T细胞亚群的影响,提示全麻复合胸部硬膜外阻滞是老年肿瘤患者和免疫功能低下者较为合适的的麻醉方法.

摘要:目的:总结下肢深静脉血栓形成患者植入可回收腔静脉滤器的临床体会.方法:下肢深静脉血栓形成患者36例,单侧32例,双侧4例;男21例,女15例;平均年龄45岁.术前均经血管彩色多普勒超声确诊,并明确栓塞范围、栓尾位置、解剖条件和腔静脉情况.手术在DSA室局麻下进行,经右颈内静脉穿刺植入可回收腔静脉滤器于下腔静脉,捕捉血栓和预防肺血栓栓塞症;监测滤器位置,4周时回收.随访行血管彩色多普勒超声及胸片检查.结果:可回收腔静脉滤器植入全部成功,术后即刻造影,滤器形态及位置佳.可回收腔静脉滤器捕捉血栓患者29例,占80.56％.1例3周后橄榄体及限制性导管滑出,急诊回收滤器.回收术后随访:36例随访3～10个月无肺血栓栓塞症相关症状,后期死亡0例.结论:可回收腔静脉滤器预防肺血栓栓塞症安全有效,下肢深静脉血栓形成患者为预防肺血栓栓塞症植入可回收腔静脉滤器是必要的.

摘要:目的:探讨严重颅脑创伤早期误吸发生率及不同误吸成分对凝血功能的影响.方法:临床观察97名重度颅脑创伤患者,行气管插管时通过喉镜观察声门处及经过气管导管吸引确定误吸物来源.分别于创伤后48 h内测定凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平.结果:36例患者有误吸(37％),其中22例误吸物为血液,14例为胃内容物.误吸血液组PT、APTT显著高于无误吸组,FIB组间比较差异无显著性.结论:严重颅脑创伤后误吸发生率高,误吸成分主要是血液,误吸血液可引起凝血功能障碍,应早期加强气道管理,并注意其对凝血功能的影响.

摘要:文章以南通智障少女被切除子宫案件为线索,探讨了智障儿童权益保护基本原则、智障儿童生育权、监护权行使限度与程序等相关问题.

摘要:文章基于医疗责任保险实践和医疗机构现状,采用比较法分析了我国的医疗责任保险格式合同条款,指出解决医疗责任保险发展中的现存问题,首先应厘清保险人对患方索赔进行抗辩的法律性质,其次要防范保险人与被保险人在抗辩过程中的各种利益冲突,在此基础上约定保险人承担合同约定抗辩义务,并提出格式合同约定抗辩义务的思路.

摘要:全面建设小康社会迫切要求我们的教育要努力为构建全民学习、终身学习的学习型社会服务,为此必须加大对教育的投入.教育投入是人力资本投入,是对提高劳动者技能、素质的投入,也就是对提高劳动生产率的投资.目前江苏省还存在着教育经费投入所占国内生产总值(GDP)的比例明显偏低,财政教育经费支出结构不合理、农村义务教育经费短缺,资金使用效率低下等问题.因此,要进一步完善教育财政体系,加大财政转移支付力度,实现教育经费来源多元化,强化对教育财政资金的管理,以保证教育事业的健康发展.

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摘要:中国共产党是中国社会整合的核心力量.在阶层分化过程中,中国共产党的社会整合面临阶层矛盾尖锐化、政治诉求多样化、价值观念多元化等挑战,这就要求对其社会整合功能进行准确而合理的定位,即以构建和谐社会为最终目标,在此基础上建构与之相适应的社会整合机制.

摘要:科技进步深刻影响着我国执政党的先进性建设.一方面,科技进步催生了党的产生和发展,巩固了党的执政基础,发展了党的先进性;另一方面,科技进步也对党保持先进性提出挑战,要求党不断与时俱进,驾驭科技发展潮流,把科技进步作为推动社会进步的强大动力.

摘要:构建社会主义和谐社会是我们党全面建设小康社会、开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面的一项重大任务.加强地方政府公共关系是实现社会和谐的迫切要求.我国地方政府公共关系事业已经取得了明显的成效,但仍然存在政府公关主体自身认识不足;对公众有倾向性的选择造成政府公关的偏失;传播沟通渠道不畅等严重问题.构建社会主义和谐社会,我们应当树立并强化公关意识;理顺公众关系,多办实事,取信于民;注重公共关系传播,完善协调沟通机制,大力推进和谐社会建设的进程.

摘要:基因技术在创造生命奇迹的同时,也潜伏着伤害人类自身的危机.要对基因技术之剑配上伦理之鞘,必须对基因研究和技术应用进行伦理思考和评判,发挥伦理评判对基因技术应用的引导和规范作用.

摘要:弗莱彻的境遇伦理学以相对主义思想方法为面,以爱的至高原则为线,以境遇为阿基米德点全面展开,从而成为伦理学思想发展史中的又一座理论丰碑;对境遇进行相对主义解读,对爱进行相对性释义,进而辨析境遇伦理学的相对主义思想方法长短,对我国伦理学研究、伦理学理论创新具有一定的启示意义.

摘要:后现代伦理学对现代生命伦理学进行了深刻而中肯的批评,并指出现代生命伦理学面临的诸种困境都根源于学科化的探究方式.后现代生命伦理学的建构过程和伦理实践活动过程是同一过程,后现代生命伦理学以对经济、政治、法律、社会等显性社会机制施加影响的方式凸显自身.

摘要:中医药现代化是中医药在继承中医药传统理论、技术及应用经验基础上与现代科学技术、现代学术思想及现代文化相结合,以适应社会发展需求的过程.因此中医药现代化是时代发展的要求和其自身发展的需要.加强对传统中医药的继承,保持中医药特色是中医药现代化的基础;并且应加强中医思想文化的研究,从根本上实现传统文化的复兴,树立民族自信心,为发展中医药打下良好的基础.而应用现代科技和循证医学研究中医药则是实现中医药现代化的一个重要途径.

摘要:文章通过对江苏省南通市职工基本医疗保险2000～2004年的运行数据分析,发现在职工基本医疗保险中,存在着诱导消费、过度提供服务等较为严重的不规范行为,这些不规范行为的存在,对医保基金和参保职工个人均会造成沉重的经济负担,不利于城镇职工基本医疗保险制度的可持续发展.笔者建议,利用计算机管理信息系统加强医疗服务监管,加大对不规范服务行为的处罚力度,同时通过探索新费用支付制度和医疗服务合理补偿政策,促进职工基本医疗保险的健康发展.

摘要:文章在调查研究江苏省高校学生医疗保障现状及卫生服务需要与利用情况的基础上,建议将大学生像城镇职工一样纳入社会医疗保险体系,强化政府责任,建立国家、学校和个人三方负担机制,提高大学生的医疗保障水平.

摘要:在市场经济条件下,医院生存和发展面临许多新的矛盾,亟需发挥财务管理在平衡和化解矛盾方面的作用.医院财务管理必须适应新的要求,改进和创新财务管理模式,注重医院经营计划、业绩评估和财务成果,努力开发财力资源,切实保障医院发展.

摘要:医院信息系统建设的目标是要实现"以人为本"、"以病人为中心"的服务理念,文章通过对目前医院信息化建设过程中存在的突出问题的分析,着重阐述了医院信息化建设的发展方向,对建设数字化、现代化医院具有一定的现实意义.

摘要:业务流程重组是以适应顾客和社会的需求为中心目标,对企业的业务流程进行根本性的再思考和彻底性的再设计,从而获得在成本、质量、服务和速度等方面业绩的戏剧性改善,以改变或调整现有的不令人满意的流程.文章以优化业务流程为目的,利用信息技术平台为手段,阐述了医院业务流程优化与重组的理论、方法、步骤,探讨了以门诊业务流程为主的结构体系,分析业务流程的现状及存在问题.提出一套优化、创新、更适合国情的、充分体现人文精神的门诊流程模式,以促进效益最大化,达到提高市场竞争能力和提升组织综合效益的目的.

摘要:中国古代市井题材小说,对作品人物得病原因的判断及其诊疗对策的描述透露出中国古代一以贯之的道德评价,展示了民族精神传统的形成痕迹.文章通过对古代作品中疾病病因、诊断和治疗方法的描述,探讨了作品中的疾病观所体现的思想价值,特别是与古代儒学文化、宗教的关系,同时对其思想局限性也进行了分析.

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摘要:文章明确地阐述了加强我国新闻舆论监督的意义,并就如何加强新闻舆论监督提出相应的措施:加快法治建设,切实保障和规范新闻媒体的舆论监督权利;坚持正确舆论导向,加大新闻舆论监督的力度;恪守新闻真实性,把握好新闻舆论监督的"度";改革现行管理体制,扩大新闻舆论监督的独立性和自主性;增强新闻工作者的素质,提升新闻媒体的公信力等.

摘要:文章以SCIE为数据源,统计2004～2005年南京医科大学被SCIE收录的文献,从机构、被引次数、来源期刊影响因子等方面进行了定量统计和分析.从分析结果来看,近年来我校SCIE论文无论是数量还是质量都有了大幅度的提高,但是同国内一流医学院校相比都还存在一定差距,认为我校在重视SCIE论文数量的同时,更应重视论文的内在质量,同时应加大对人文社科及其他医学相关学科建设的重视程度.

摘要:高校校园文化作为高等教育与建设不可或缺的有机组成环节.新校区校园文化建设存在着文化底蕴缺乏、文化主体不健全、文化传承上的困难和文化活动开展上的困难等问题.在新校区营造一个浓厚的校园文化氛围,必须坚持不断传承老校区的文化精神、充分发挥师生员工的主体作用和积极倡导创新文化氛围.

摘要:高等教育改革发展的新形势使高校的安全教育工作面临着新的挑战.文章着重对加强安全教育工作的必要性以及对策进行了分析和探讨,强调必须以"三个代表"重要思想为指导,加强和改进新时期的高校安全教育工作.

摘要:文章对94名七年制医学生进行了双语教学的问卷调查.大部分同学的英语词汇量为5千至8千,其医学英语词汇量远不能满足双语教学的需要;而上课前预习英文教材可部分提高对英语教学内容的理解;英文教材宜采用英文原版教科书,或按中文教科书的提纲和顺序摘录英文原版书的英文教材;应采用中英文幻灯;讲解时以中文为主,英文为辅,或中英文各占一半.教师应提高英语发音的正确性,避免中国式英语.

摘要:Studying the NF-κB-signaling-associated cytoplasm regulation is pivotal for understanding the mechanism of disorders and will provide an attractive target for new intervention and therapy methods. Here we briefly review the latest studies about NF-κB's roles in immunity, inflammation, apoptosis and other pathophysiological processes. These may provide useful evidences for the design of effective therapeutic strategies.

摘要:It is a puzzle to many researchers that with so extensive resources, so advanced technology, and so urgent need the world over, so little has been done to alleviate the suffering of the people. Why is it so difficult to develop the prevention and health promotion strategies- This paper tries to discuss the issue.

摘要:Objective: To measure the expression levels of BLyS and its receptors mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RFQ-PCR) method and to investigate the relationship between BLyS and its receptors mRNA expression and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Specific primers and TaqMan probe were designed, and RFQ-PCR was performed. According to the standard curve of plasmid DNA, the level of BLyS and its receptors mRNA expression in 23 patients with SLE and 23 healthy subjects were determined. The ratio of the copy number of BLyS mRNA to that of β2-microgluobulin (β2M) mRNA and the ratio of the copy number of BLyS receptors mRNA to that of β2M mRNA were regarded as indicator for the levels of BLyS and BLyS mRNA expression. Results: The concentration of RFQ-PCR was in the range of 10 - 109 pg/ml,and the coefficient of variation values for both intra-experimental and inter-experimental reproducibility ranged from 2.40％ to 10.12％ and from 4.26％ to 12.29％, respectively. In 23 SLE patients, the level of BLyS and its receptors(BCMA, TACI, BAFF-R) mRNA were in the ranges of 1.27～ 1.49, 0.64～0.77, 0.83～ 1.05 and 0.98～ 1.37, respectively. The mean values were 1.38±0.07, 0.70±0.04,0.91 ±0.06 and 1.15±0.12, respectively. In 23 healthy donors, the levels of BLyS and its receptors(BCMA, TACI, BAFF-R) mRNA were: 0.60 ～ 1.0, 0.55 ～ 0.80, 0.54 ～ 0.74 and 0.54 ～ 0.77, respectively. The mean values were 0.83 ± 0.13, 0.68 ± 0.08, 0.65 ±0.07 and 0.68 ± 0.06, respectively. Conclusion: This results suggest that BLyS, TACI and BAFF-R might be involved in the pathogenesis of SLE and the mRNA expression levels might be used as new markers for the diagnosis of SLE.

摘要:Objective: To study the role of the expression of nerve growth factor inducible protein B gene (NGFI-B) in striatum in the pathogenesis of levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). Methods: The rat model of LID was treated with SCH 23390( 1 mg/kg ip,a dopamine D1 antagonist) and haloperidol (1 mg/kg ip, a dopamine D2 antagonist) respectively. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of NGFI-B mRNA in striatum and the behavior changes were observed. Results: After treatment with SCH23390, abnormal involuntary movement (AIM) in LID rats was decreased ( P ＜0.05) and the expression of NGFI-B mRNA in striatum did not change significantly. After treatment with haloperidol, the changes of AIM in LID rats were not significant and the expression of NGFI-B mRNA was increased significantly( P ＜ 0.01). Conclusion: LID is associated with over-expression of NGFI-B in striatum. Abnormal activity in the direct pathway and the basal ganglia circuit could be involved in the occurrence of LID.

摘要:Objective: To extract three kinds of tanshinones from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by CO2-supercritical fluid extraction technology with different entrainers at different flow rates, and to investigate the effects of different entrainers. Methods:Three kinds of tanshinones were extracted at the optimal operation condition, and the massconcentration of three kinds of tanshinones in the extracts was determined by HPLC. Results: Among the three entrainers, the extracting effects of ethanol is the best, for the stronger polarity, followed by ethanol and normal octane. Conclusion: To increase the extracting rate of three kinds of tanshinones by CO2-supercritical fluid extraction technics, it is essential to use polar solvent as entrainer.

摘要:Objective: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of PIN1 antisense gene on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells. Methods: Different doses of antisense PIN1 gene (0,20,50,100,200,250μl) were transfected into osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. The cells and the culture supernatants before and after transfection were collected. The cell growth curve was made using MTT method. The cell growth cycle and apoptosis were detected by FCM. The expression of PIN1 was detected by Western blot. The expression of PIN1 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: MTT and FCM assays indicated that the transfection of antisense PIN1 gene could inhibit proliferation of MG-63 cells and lead to cell apoptosis. Western-blot assays revealed the MG-63 cells transfected with antisense PIN1 gene had weaker expression than those without transfection with antisense PIN1 gene, and the band intensity was negatively related with doses. The cells transfected with different doses of gene (0,20,50,100,200,250 μl) had different absorbance rate(0.854 ± 0.136,0. 866 ± 0. 138,0. 732 ± 0. 154, 0. 611 ± 0. 121,0. 547 ± 0. 109,0. 398 ± 0. 113,0. 320 ± 0. 151 ), with significant difference assessed by F and q test ( P ＜ 0.05). The absorbance rate of PINI mRNA was 0. 983 ± 0.125,0.988 ± 0.127, 0.915 ± 0.157,0.786 ± 0.125,0.608 ± 0.124,0.433 ± 0.130,0.410 ± 0. 158 respectively ( P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: The expression of PINlmRNA in MG-63 cells could be inhibited by antisense PIN1 gene, and then the expression of PIN1 was reduced and depressed, and so the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells MG-63 was inhibited.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the difference of proteome between yeast form and mould form of Penicillium marneffei,and to investigate the association of specific proteins expressed with biochemical properties, susceptibility of antifungal agent with dimorphic growth. Methods: Biochemisay identity plates were used to test the assimilation of carbohydrates and E-test strips were used to detect the minimum inhibitory concentration (M IC) of mould form and yeast form 16 P. marneffei. Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization (SELDI) mass spectrometry with ProteinChip WCX2 was performed to compare the expressed proteins in yeast form and mould form.Protein profiles were read by PBSⅡ proteinchip reader and the proteome database was analyzed by proteinchip software 3.2.0. Results:Mould form assimilated lactose, melibiose significantly stronger ( P ＜ 0.01 ), while yeast form assimilated sorbinose significantly stronger (P＜ 0.05). The mean MIC of fluconazole against mould form increased significantly ( P ＜ 0.01 ) compared with yeast form. Seventy-five distinct proteins were found in yeast form and mould form of P. marneffei, in which proteins of 2900Da and 3151Da were specifically expressed in yeast form and other two proteins of 13151Da and 13285Da were specifically expressed in mould form ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion: The assimilation of carbohydrates and drug susceptibility of P. marneffei may change partly due to the morphogenetic conversion and different temperature. Specific proteins may be involved in the regulation, the change of biochemical reaction and drug susceptibility during dimorphic growth.

摘要:Objective: To explore the effects of aerosolized ketamine on the level of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthetase in the lung tissue in rat asthma model. Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control group (group N), asthma model group (group A), two pretreated groups of different concentrations of ketamine (group K1, K2)and dexamethasone group(group D) with eight rats in each group. The rats in group A were sensitized by injection of ovalbumin (OA) together with aluminum hydroxide and bordetella pertussis as adjuvants. Two weeks after the sensitization, aerosolized OA was used to cause asthma. The rats in group K1 and K2 were sensitized with OA as group A , and then exposed to aerosol of ketamine , with the concentration of 25 g/L and 50 g/L respectively. Before using aerosolized OA, the rats in group D were exposed to aerosol of 0.01％ dexamethasone . The level of NO2-/NO3- in lung tissues, inducible nitric oxide synthetase(iNOS) and constitute nitric oxide synthetase(cNOS) was measured in all groups. Results: The level of NO2-/NO3- and the activity of iNOS in lung tissues in group A were signiticantly higher than those in the other groups. The iNOS activity and the level of NO2-/NO3- in lung tissues were highly positively correlated. Conclusion: NO can induce airway hyperreactivity that may worsen asthma. Aerosolized ketamine can decrease the iNOS expression and reduce the level of NO in the lung tissue in rat asthma model.

摘要:Objective: To establish the method of constructing skin-equivalents (SE) using hair follicle stem cells(HFSC).Methods: K19 positive cells derived from hair were cultivated using serum-free medium KGM and seeded on dermal equivalents (DE).After the culture between the air-liquid interface for 14 days, SE were harvested and used for evaluation. Results: K19 positive cells chosen as HFSC were located in bulge of out root sheet in hair follicle. Cultivated HFSC could build a fully developed, multi-layered epidermis on the basis of DE, resembling the skin structure. Conclusion: HFSC located in out root sheet can differentiate into keratinocyte in vitro and be used for SE construction.

摘要:Objective: To observe the effects of the soybean isoflavaones on the mRNA expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG),osteoclast differentiation factor(ODF) and macrophage colony stimulating factor(M-CSF) in bone tissue of ovariectomized rat, and to investigate the possible pathway to prevent and treat postmenopausal osteoporosis using soybean isoflavaones. Methods: Thirty healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated group, ovariectomized group and soybean isoflavaones treated group. All rats were ovariectomized except those in sham-operated group. The bone density of the 3-6th lumbar vertebrae was detected after 12 weeks.Total RNA was extracted from femur bone and the mRNA expression of OPG, ODF and M-CSF was examined by real time PCR.Results: Soybean isoflavaones increased the bone density of the lumbar vertebrae in ovariectomized rat and up-regulated the expression of OPG, whereas down-regulated the expression of M-CSF and the ratio of ODF to OPG. Conclusion: The effects of soybean isoflavaones on postmenopausal osteoporosis are tightly correlated with OPG, M-CSF and the ratio of ODF to OPG.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of RNAi (RNA interference, RNAi) expression vector on CXCR4expression in prostate carcinoma cell lines. Methods: Small interference RNA (siRNA) expression vectors for CXCR4 gene were constructed and transfected into prostate carcinoma cell lines(PC-3m and LNCaP)with liposomes. The expression of CXCR4 was detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Results: The expression of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in the PC-3m and LNCaP cells was reduced by RNAi expression vectors. The inhibitory rate of CXCR4 mRNA expression in the PC-3m cells was 87.81％ ± 10.20％ ,56.10％ ± 9.32％at the 24th hour and the 48th hour, compared with 56.93％ ±8.78％ ,49.24％ ± 11.23％ in LNCaP cells. The inhibitory rate of the expression of CXCR4 protein was 64.71％ ± 6.68％ ,58.66％ ± 11.56％ respectively. Conclusion: The expression of CXCR4 gene can effectively he inhibited by RNAi expression vectors.

摘要:Objective: To study the significance of dementia rating scales in the diagnosis of Alzheimer' s disease (AD).Methods: Probable AD patients(118 cases) diagnosed according to NINCDS-ADRDA criteria and the normal controls(100 cases) were examined with a battery of neuropsychological tests and the dementia severity of AD patients was determined with clinical dementia rating(CDR). Changed neuropsychological characteristics of different AD dementia severities were analyzed. The discriminant analysis and ROC curve analysis were performed to analyze the specificity, the sensitivity, and the general accuracy of various dementia rating scales in the diagnosis of AD, and the area under the ROC curve. Results: The total cognition function in mild (CDR = 1), moderate(CDR = 2) and severe stages(CDR=3) of AD had an obvious trend of continuous decline, with the MMSE values 17.44 ± 2.64, 13.90 ± 4.32, and5.50± 3.90 respectively. The trend of decline of the verbal fluency function in AD was same as that of total cognition function. The visuospatial function was reduced in early stage of AD (CDR = 1 ) and completely lost in moderate and severe AD. Delay memory function began to show decline in the early stage of AD, and the decline turned apparent in moderate and severe AD. Immediate memory function showed unchanged in early stage of AD, while showed decline in moderate AD, and the decline became very quick in severe AD. The impairment of daily living ability and social activity function developed with the severity degree of AD. But the decline of social activity function was very quick in moderate stage of AD. In general, the leading scale to diagnose AD was FOM, followed by RVR, POD, MMSE, BD,ADL and DS. When MMSE was combined with one or more of FOM, RVR, BD, DS, the general accuracy in distinguishing AD from the normal controls was improved. Conclusion: Neuropsychological test is useful in the diagnosis of AD, especially in the early stage. The validity is improved when dementia rating scales are combined correctly.

摘要:Objective: To explore the expression of resistin protein in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue and placental tissue in pregnant women and the relationship between pregnant physiological insulin resistance (IR) and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods: The expression of resistin protein in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of pregnant and nonpregnant women and placental tissue was measured using western blotting method. Fasting serum glucose concentration was measured by glucose oxidase assay.Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. Results: Resistin protein expression in placental tissue(67905 ± 8441)(arbitrary OD units)was much higher than that in abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue in pregnant women (40718 ± 3818)( P ＜0.01 ) and nonpregnant women (38288 ± 2084) ( P ＜ 0.01 ) respectively, and there was no significant difference in abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue among pregnant and nonpregnant women. Conclusion: Resistin protein expression in placental tissue is much higher than that in abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Resistin protein is secreted from human placental tissue.Resistin is one of the factors which lead to pregnant physiological IR and GDM.

摘要:Objective: To study the efficacy of model for end-stage liver disease (MEL D) in predicting short-term outcomes in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT). Methods: The consecutive 62 patients who had received primary LT in our hospital from November 2000 to January 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. The pretransplantation MELD and Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) scores of these patients were calculated. Concordance c-statistic was used to assess the efficacies of MELD and CTP scores in predicting the first posttransplantation 3-month survival rate. Results: Among the 62 patients receiving primary LT, 12 died during the first 3-month period and the posttransplantation 3-month survival rate was 80.65％. The 3-month survival rate predicted by using CTP score and MELD score was0.685 and 0.873, respectively. Unlike CTP calssification, MELD score indentified two subgroups of patients with CTP C with different overall survival (0.8824 vs 0.4545, χ2 = 7.00, P = 0.0081). Conclusion: Our present study shows that MELD score could offer more accurate prediction for short-term survival in patients who undergo primary LT than CTP score.

摘要:Objective: To study the biomechanical feature of a newly designed cervical vertebra internal fixation device and its clinical applications Methods: Some functional spinal units were fixed respectively with titanium plate, fusion cage and new device designed by ourselves, then a controlled biomechanical study including flexion, extension, torsion and lateral bending was performed and the results were analyzed. Results: As to the mechanical performance, fusion cage showed poor performance in extension test and so did the titanium plate in the distortion test. However, the new device showed good performance in every test. Conclusion: Both simple titanium plate fixation and simple fusion cage fixation have biomechanical defaults, but they are complementary. The titanium plate-interbody fusion cage avoids the defaults and has specific advantages.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the mechanism of capsaicin in treating active psoriasis vulgaris. Methods: VIP protein in active psoriatic lesions before and 30 days after the treatment of capsaicin ointment was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results:There was positive expression of VIP in all layers of psoriatic lesions epidermis (95.5 ％ ), but after the treatment of capsaicin ointment,there was nearly no expression of VIP protein in epidermis(22.2％ ). Conclusion: Capsaicin inhibits proliferation and induces the differentiation of keratinocytes through down-regulating the expression of VIP in psoriatic epidermis.