摘要:Objective:To select the specific aptamer of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), one of the most attractive molecule for cancer target therapy and imaging. Methods: Seven rounds in vitro selection were performed against the purified CEA protein. Ligand-mediated target purification and Co-immunoprecipitation were adopted to verify the specific binding of the aptamer to the purified and native protein separately. Results:The CEA-specific aptamer which can bind both the purified and native protein with the high specificity was obtained. Conclusion:This is the first time the CEA specific apatmer was produced. The results in this study provides the preliminary evidence for further investigation and application of CEA-aptamer in the future.

摘要:Objective:To explore the effects of Iptakalim on intracellular free calcium concentration and on the proliferation of cultured rabbit pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells induced by endothelin-1(ET-1) in vitro. Methods:A cell culture model, [3H]-thymidine([3H]-TdR) incorporation test and confocal microscope were used to observe proliferation and intracellular free calcium concentration([Ca2+]i) of rabbit PASMC induced by ET-1 in vitro. Results:The value of [3H]-TdR incorporation in ET-1 group was increased 1.468 times higher than that in control group. Iptakalim at the concentration of 10-7mol/L, 10-6 mol/L ,10-5 mol/L lowered [3H]-TdR incorporation by(19.8±4.6)%, (41.2±9.5)%, (54.7±10.1)%, respectively, compared with the value of the cells treated with ET-1(P＜0.01); The intracellular fluorescence intensity of PASMC in ET-1 group was increased from 73.70±10.12 to 143.84±28.23, significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.01); whereas with Iptakalim,the fluorescence intensity(FI) was only increased from 74.30±10.20 to 86.03±9.82, significantly lower than that in ET-1 group(P ＜0.01). Conclusion:Iptakalim inhibited proliferation of PASMC and decreased intracellular free calcium concentration of cultured rabbit PASMC induced by ET-1.

摘要:Objective:To express the melanoma associated gene MAGE-A9 recombinant protein, obtain the anti-MAGE-A9 monoclonal antibody and to examine the expression of MAGE-A9 in hapatocellular carcinoma specimens. Methods:MAGE-A9 cDNA was cloned from human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue by using RT-PCR, and then subcloned into the plasmid pMD18-T. After sequencing, the MAGE-A9 was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pBAD/gIII to construct the recombinant expression vector pBAD/gⅢ-MAGE-A9, and was transformed into E. coli TOP10. The recombinant MAGE-A9 protein was expressed under induction of L-Arabinose, and was purified through Hitrap column. The anti-MAGE-A9 monoclonal antibody was generated. The expression of MAGE-A9 in hepatocellular carcinoma specimens was examined through ABC assay. Results:The cDNA sequence of the cloned MAGE-A9 gene was consistent with the reported sequence. By affinity column and SDS-PAGE, the purified MAGE-A9 fusion protein displayed a band of Mr 35,000, and subsequently the anti-MAGE-A9 monoclonal antibody was obtained. We found that MAGE-A9 expressed in the cytoplast of positive cells and MAGE-A9 antigen was detected in 8 cases out of 39 (21%) hepatocellular carcinoma specimens. Conclusion:MAGE-A9 antigen was expressed in a fair proportion of hepatocellular carcinoma specimens, these patients might be suitable candidates for immune involving antigen, encoded by the MAGE-A9 gene.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the role of 5-HT7 receptor in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). Methods:Rat model of D-IBS was established by intracolonic instillation of acetic acid and restraint stress; Rat model of C-IBS was established by stomach irrigated with 0-4oC cool water daily for 14 d. The content and distribution of 5-HT7 receptor at the brain and bowel was examined by immunohistochemistry and the expression of 5-HT7 receptor mRNA was detected by fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR(Real-time PCR). Results:Immunocytochemistry result showed the 5-HT7 rceptor positive staining at hippocampus and hypothalamus of both C-IBS and D-IBS group was stronger than that of control group(P < 0.01). The 5-HT7R expression at ileum, proximate colon, distal colon of C-IBS group was significantly stronger than that of control group(P < 0.05). Realtime-PCR analysis results showed the expression level of 5-HT7 receptor at hippocampus and hypothalamus of both C-IBS and D-IBS group was increased than that of control group(P < 0.05). At proximal and distal colon of C-IBS group, the 5-HT7 receptor mRNA expression was increased compared with control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion:The up-regulated expression of 5-HT7 receptor at brain and colon may play an important role in the pathogenesis of C-IBS.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the effects of emodin(EMD) on cell proliferation and correlative cytokines secretion of glomerular mesangial in rats. Methods:The effects of EMD on cell proliferation and IL-6 , TGF-βl secretion of glomerular mesangial in rats were observed. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT method. IL-6 and TGF-βl secretion was detected with ELISA. Results:EMD was able to inhibit the cell proliferation and down-regulate the IL-6 and TGF-βl secretion of glomerular mesangial, as compared to the model group in rats (P＜0.05). Conclusion:EMD could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation, and reduce the creation of extracellular matrix(ECM), this indicated that it could play an important role in alleviation and prevention of glomerular sclerosis. The mechanism may be that EMD can reduce the IL-6 and TGF-βl secretion of glomerular mesangial cell in rats.

摘要:Objective:To determine the relationship between the expression of aquaporin-4(AQP4) after intracerebral hemorrhage and dexamethasone treated. Methods:Collagenase Ⅶ was injected in caudate nucleus in a stereotaxis frame to establish the intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) animal models. The intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) rats were randomly divided into four groups: the sham group (group A), the ICH group(group B), low dose-treated group(group C), moderate dose group(group D) and high dose group(group E). The groups were respectively received an intraperitoneal dexamethasone injection with 1 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, twice a day for three days. The brain water content(BWC), the permeability of blood-brain barrier(BBB) and the expression of AQP4 were observed. Results:Both the BBB disruption and AQP4 expression decreased in treated groups, and the AQP4 expression had a dose-dependent manner in the dexamethasone treatment. And it seemed that low dose dexamethasone was in favor of brain swelling elimination, but the higher dosage had not similar effect. Conclusion:Dexamethesone may play a critical role on expression of AQP4 in the physiopathology of hemorrhagic edema.

摘要:Objective:To explore a simple and pragmatic method to obtain sufficient olfactory ensheathing cells from human fetus by selective attachment of harvested cells combined with intermittent NT3 nutrition. Methods:DMEM/F12 culture solution including 10% fetal bovine serum or NT3 was used to culture olfactory ensheathing cells intermittently every 48 h. The cell state and growth rates of OECs were observed, and P75 staining was used to estimate the purity of the cells. Results:Human fetal OECs were positive with P75 immunocytochemical staining. OECs in dipolar or tripolar shape formed networks by their processes in vitro. The purity of OECs in “good state”was about 95% at 9 d and 83% on 12 d, respectively. Conclusion:The method of using different attachment rates combined with intermittent NT3 addition is a simple and effective way to culture and purify OECs.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the effect of MCP-1 on mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) homing to injured myocardium in a rat myocardial infarction(MI) model. Methods:Rat myocardial infarction model was established by permanent left anterior descending branch ligation. Mesenchymal stem cells from donor rats were cultured in IMDM and labeled with BrdU. The Rats were divided into two groups. Monocyte chemotactic protein 1(MCP-1) expression were measured by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in the sham operated or infarcted hearts at 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days post operation in MCP-1 detection group. The rats were injected with MCP-1, anti-MCP-1 antibody or saline 4 days after myocardial infarction in intervention group. Then, a total of 5×106 cells in 2.5 ml of PBS were injected through the tail vein. The number of the labeled MSCs in the infarcted hearts was counted 3 days post injection. Cardiac function and blood vessel density were assessed 28 days post injection. Results:Self-generating MCP-1 expression was increased at the first day, peaked at the 7th day and decreased thereafter post MI and remained unchanged in sham operated hearts. The MSCs enrichment in the host hearts were more abundant in the MI groups than that in the non-MI group(P = 0.000), the MSCs enrichment in the host hearts were more abundant in the MCP-1 injected group than that in the anti-MCP-1 antibody and saline injected groups (P = 0.000). Cardiac function was improved more in MCP-1 injected group than anti-MCP-1 antibody and saline injected groups(P = 0.000). Neovascularization in MCP-1 injected group significantly increased compared with that of other groups(P = 0.000). Conclusion:Myocardial MCP-1 expression was increased only in the early phase post MI. MCP-1 may enhance MSCs homing to the injured heart and improve cardiac function by promoting neovascularization.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the effection of Arnebia Root oil on the FGF expression in wound surface and the ability to promote wound surface healing. Methods:24 wound surfaces of patients were divided into two groups. Experimental group was treated by Arnebia Root oil and the control was treated by petrolatum gauze. Histology, histochemistry, electron microscope methods and healing rate measurement were used to show the FGF expression and wound healing process. Results:Endogenous FGF were expressed in both of the groups, in which of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. the wound surface healing rate of experimental group was also higher and paralleled with FGF expression. Conclusion:Arnebia Root oil has effects to promote FGF expression and enhances wound surface repair. The wound healing mechanism between the action of Arnebia Root oil and function of FGF need further investigating.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin(OPG) and osteoclast differentiation factor(ODF) in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods:OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers(over 50 years old) with hip fracture(Observer Group) and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis(Control group) were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results:The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion:Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.

摘要:Objective:To explore the epidemiology and etiology for an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection that occurred in one county of Jiangsu Province, China 2004. Methods: Only cases meeting the case definition were included in the study. We reviewed the medical records of the cases who were admitted to the local hospitals, interviewed cases by a standard questionnaire, and then described the epidemiologic features and analyzed risk factors by means of a case-control study. We collected pharyngeal swab specimens and sent them to different laboratories for isolation and culture. The laboratory used different detection methods such as DIF, PCR, electron microscope examination and microneutralization assay, to identify and then type the positive specimens. Results:A total of 871 cases were reported during the period from April 18 to July 4, 2004. The distribution of onset times presented two peaks, one in late May and another in middle June. The epidemic occurred mainly in the elementary and junior high schools in ten townships of one county, and the mean age of the cases was 12 years (range 7 months to 18 years). The course of the disease was acute, and was characterized by fever accompanied with sore throat and tonsillitis. The WBC count of cases was normal or elevated. The mean duration of illness was 5 days (range 2 to 12 days). No fatalities from illness were reported. A case-control study indicated that the possible risk factors were close contact with a case and/or poultry before onset and sharing of towels among members of the family. The typical CPE was observed through inoculating pharyngeal swab specimens into the HEP-2 cell cultures in different laboratories. An infection of adenovirus type 3 was verified by detecting positive specimens in different methods. Conclusion:This investigation demonstrated that the acute respi-ratory infection in cases was caused by adenovirus type 3. Cases occurred in over 70 schools in ten townships in 2004, and the route of transmission was possibly close contact with cases or droplet transmission.

摘要:Objective:To further investigate the ability of MRI and 1H-MRS techniques for presurgical evaluation of hippocampal sclerosis. Methods:MRI and 1H-MRS were performed on 30 healthy subjects to determine the confidence levels. Eight patients who were pathologically confirmed hippocampal sclerosis were then studied using the same protocols. The difference of hippocampal formation(DHF) was used to determine atrophy of hippocampus. Areas under the peak of N-acetylaspartate(NAA) ,Creatine(Cr) and Choline(Cho) were measured, and the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cr+Cho were calculated. NAA/Cr+Cho value was applied to localize the seizure focus. Results:Two patients showed hippocampal atrophy according to DHF value. NAA/Cr ratio decreased significantly in ipsilateral hippocampus compared to that in contralateral hippocampus and control subjects(P < 0.01). Cho/Cr value increased in both ipsi- and contralateral hippocampus in comparison with that in control subjects(P < 0.01). NAA/Cr+Cho ratio, however, significantly reduced in both ipsi-and contralateral hippocampus(P < 0.01) with lowest NAA/Cr+Cho ratio in seizure foci. Six patients could be lateralized by reduced and/or asymmetric NAA/Cr+Cho value. Conclusion:1H-MRS should be a promising diagnostic tool to detect neuron abnormality. 1H-MRS and MRI complement each other in presurgical lateralization of epileptogenic lesion in epilepsy patients.

摘要:Objective:To study the relationship between plasma treatment time and efficacy. Methods:Test specimens were prepared from an acrylic resin denture material in the size of 2 mm×10 mm×10 mm. Plasma treatment was carried out on the surface of Polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) at different time. XPS studies, IR spectra studies and measurement of wetting angle were performed. Results: XPS showed the peak corresponding to C-O getting higher as the treatment proceeded, however at 120 seconds, the peak did not increase any longer and partly crossed with the peak at the duration of 60 seconds. IR spectra showed the wave corresponding to C-H was reduced as O2-plasma treatment proceeded, and then changed little. Wetting angle initially decreased dramatically, however, as the reaction proceeded, wetting angle increased slightly. Conclusion:Equilibrium was reached for introducing oxygen-containing groups and changing of C-H. As the treatment proceeded, wetting angle increased slightly.

摘要:Objective: Early complications were analyzed in those with EvansⅢ type of intertrochanteric fracture treated with operation or nonoperative approaches. Methods:59 cases with Evans Ⅲ type of intertrochanteric fracture between June, 1999 to July, 2006 were admitted in our department. 38 patients were complicated with cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension and arrhythmia. All the cases were operated. Results:58 cases were operated successfully. One died of pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. Grade data of different age brackets indicated that early infective complications had apparent differences between the operation and the control group. Compared with the control group, the operation group had benefits such as fewer complications, especially the infective complications, and incidence of lower extremities venous thrombosis, and the results showed notable differences. Conclusion:In elderly patients with EvansⅢ type of intertrochanteric fracture, the incidence of pulmonary infection was the highest. Venous thrombosis in lower extremities was the most serious complication. So it will be helpful to perform the quadriceps femories function exercise. The post-operative effect is also related with the operation approach.

摘要:Objective:To report the clinical manifestations of AIDS with nervous system complications. Methods:We collected the clinical material of AIDS and HIV positive patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 1998 to July 2006, and retrospectively analyzed the 39 cases having nervous system complications, among 146 cases in total. Results:Among 39 cases, there were 3 cases of HIV dementia, 1 case of vacuolar myelopathy, 3 cases of Gullain-barre syndrome, 3 cases of myopathy and 26 cases of secondary opportunistic infection of CNS,including 9 cases of tuberculosis, 6 cases of cryptococcus, 5 cases of toxoplasma, 3 cases of herpes zoster virus, 2 cases of herpes simples virus, 1 case of cytomegalovirus, 1 case of progressive multifocal leukoencencephalitis. 2 cases with central nervous system lymphoma.Among them 12 patients gave up treatment, other patients received anti-HIV treatment and anti-microorganism treatment. 5 patients died of respiratory failure, 2 patients died of multiple organs failure. Conclusion:Up to now, AIDS still has not very good management. So prevention is very important.

摘要:目的：观察氯化锂对短暂局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠海马CA1区神经元凋亡及GSK-3β的影响。方法：SD大鼠126只，随机分为正常（NO）组、假手术（SH）组、缺血再灌注（IR）组、氯化锂1（Li1）组、氯化锂2（Li2）组、氯化锂3（Li3）组。Hoechst染色观察海马CA1区神经元凋亡的变化，免疫荧光染色观察海马CA1区GSK-3β及p-GSK-3β（Ser9）的变化。结果：与SH组比较IR组细胞凋亡明显（P ＜ 0.01）。与IR组比较各氯化锂组凋亡细胞明显减少（P ＜ 0.05或P ＜ 0.01） ，氯化锂剂量越大，凋亡细胞减少越明显（P ＜ 0.05或P ＜ 0.01）。各组GSK-3β阳性反应颗粒数差异无显著性。与SH组相比IR组p-GSK-3β（Ser9）明显增多（P ＜ 0.01）。与IR组比较各氯化锂组p-GSK-3β（Ser9）明显增多（P ＜ 0.01），氯化锂剂量越大，增多越明显（P ＜ 0.05或P ＜ 0.01）。结论：氯化锂能剂量依赖性的减轻大鼠短暂性局灶性脑缺血后海马CA1区神经细胞凋亡，增加海马CA1区p-GSK-3β（Ser9）表达。

摘要:目的：探讨生长激素（ＧＨ）在体外对胆、胰细胞株的增殖影响及其可能的机制。方法：将胆管癌细胞株QBC939和胰腺癌细胞株BXPC-3均随机分为实验组（GH组）和对照组（NS组），GH组又按剂量和培养时间分为50 μg／L 2 h、50 μg／L 24 h、100 μg／L 2 h、100 μg／L 24 h 4个亚组，NS组按培养时间也分为NS 2 h、NS 24 h 2个亚组，2 h和24 h后吸取上清用ELISA法检测类胰岛素生长因子1（IGF1）并将细胞计数；肿瘤细胞用不同浓度GH（50 μg／L，100 μg／L）培养24 h后固定，以流式细胞仪测定细胞周期；同时在不同浓度GH（50 μg／L，100 μg／L）干预的培养液进行细胞爬片、固定，用原位杂交的方法检测类胰岛素生长因子1受体mRNA（IGF1RmRNA）。结果：加入GH培养24 h后胆、胰肿瘤细胞数目增加明显，且细胞S期和细胞增值指数（PI）也明显增加（P < 0.05）。2 h后实验组的IGF1的量明显增加（P < 0.05），但24 h后各组的IGF1量之间无统计学意义。IGF1RmRNA在胆胰肿瘤细胞中均呈阳性表达，且GH可诱导细胞IGF1RmRNA表达增强。结论：GH在体外能促进胆胰肿瘤细胞的增殖和分化。其机制可能是通过GH-IGF1轴发挥作用的。

摘要:目的：研究奥沙利铂（L-鄄OHP）或顺铂（CDDP）对人胃癌细胞株BGC-鄄823生长的抑制作用以及Livin基因表达的变化。方法：应用MTT比色法检测细胞24、48、72 h的增殖抑制率，选择3个时间段的不同浓度（IC10、IC30、IC50）铂类药物作用于BGC-鄄823细胞，RT-鄄PCR法检测Livin基因表达，Western-鄄blots法检测Livin蛋白表达量。结果：两种铂类药物作用后，BGC-鄄823的增殖受到抑制，呈时间和剂量依赖性，L-鄄OHP的量效变化更明显。两种铂类药物早期均可抑制Livin表达，CDDP作用细胞72 h后Livin表达量开始增加，而L-OHP组仍呈下降趋势。结论：L-OHP是Livin的潜在抑制剂，其对BGC-823的增殖抑制量效变化比CDDP更明显，两者对Livin表达的不同影响将为探讨Livin的调控机制和功能研究提供一定依据。

摘要:目的：研究马鞭草有效成分4’-甲醚-黄芩素（4’-methylether-scutellarein, 4’-M-S）对人绒毛膜癌多药耐药细胞株JAR／VP16的耐药逆转作用。方法：MTT法检测4’-M-S对JAR／VP16细胞的增殖抑制作用，确定药物逆转浓度及其对耐药细胞的逆转倍数和逆转效率；单克隆抗体酶免定量法测定耐药细胞中绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）分泌变化；流式细胞术检测细胞周期分布及细胞凋亡率；光镜和透射电镜观察耐药细胞形态学改变。结果：4’-M-S对JAR／VP16细胞具有明显增殖抑制作用，20 -滋g／ml 4’-M-S可显著逆转JAR／VP16细胞对鬼臼乙叉甙（VP16）、氨甲喋呤（MTX）及放线菌素D（ACTD）的耐受性，逆转倍数为：5.02、3.67、2.48；逆转效率为：81.19%、76.89%、64.08%；4’-M-S联合作用后，耐药细胞hCG分泌量明显下降；细胞周期阻滞于G0~G1期和G2~M期，细胞凋亡率达19.71%；透射电镜观察发现细胞质空泡化、内质网扩张、核物质浓缩边聚等早期凋亡现象。结论：4’-Ｍ-Ｓ对JAR／VP16细胞具有耐药逆转作用，可能的机制是抑制耐药细胞生长及诱导细胞凋亡。

摘要:目的：体外研究染料木黄酮（genistein）对人乳腺癌细胞（MDA-鄄MB-鄄435）肌动蛋白细胞骨架及黏附能力的影响。方法：不同浓度染料木黄酮（12.5、25．０、50.0和100.0 -滋mol／L） 孵育MDA-MB-435细胞24 h。用FITC标记的鬼笔环肽标记F-肌动蛋白，分别用荧光显微镜和流式细胞仪技术分析肌动蛋白细胞骨架的重组情况；噻唑蓝比色法（MTT）检测细胞对人工重组基膜的黏附能力。结果：不同浓度染料木黄酮均导致细胞内肌动蛋白细胞骨架发生解聚，同时细胞内F-肌动蛋白排列和分布及细胞形态发生明显改变；此外，染料木黄酮可明显降低MDA-MB-435细胞对人工重组基膜的黏附能力，其效应呈剂量依赖性。结论：染料木黄酮在体外可抑制乳腺癌细胞的黏附能力，其作用可能与其诱导肌动蛋白细胞骨架重组有关。

摘要:目的：观察促红细胞生成素（eryrthropoietin，EP）对乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧／复氧（hypoxia／reoxygenation，H／R）损伤的影响及其相关机制探讨。方法：分离培养SD乳鼠心肌细胞，建立H／R模型。心肌细胞随机分为４组：①H／R组　缺氧2 h，复氧4 h；②EP组　在缺氧前1 h予EP（10 U／ml），随即缺氧2 h，复氧4 h；③Wortmannin+EP组（W+EP）　在EP预处理前30 min予3-磷脂酰肌醇激酶（phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase，PI3-K）特异性阻断剂Wortmannin（100 nmol／L）；④正常对照组　流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率。Western blot 法检测心肌细胞EP受体表达和p-AKt／AKt比值。结果：EP可明显降低缺氧／复氧引起的心肌细胞凋亡，并明显增强SD乳鼠心肌细胞p-AKt／AKt比值；而Wortmannin减弱了EP的抗细胞凋亡作用，显著降低了p-AKt／AKt比值。结论：细胞凋亡参与了心肌缺氧／复氧损伤；EP可减少缺氧／复氧引起的SD乳鼠心肌细胞凋亡，其机制可能与EP激活PI-3K／AKt信号通路有关。

摘要:目的：比较了溶胶凝胶法对氧化铝基陶瓷表面改性前、后，其细胞毒性的变化。方法： 对热处理前、后的纳米二氧化硅凝胶进行红外光谱分析（IR）；制备纳米硅涂层改性陶瓷和未改性陶瓷的细胞培养基浸提液，采用四唑盐比色分析法（methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay，MTT法）测定材料对人牙龈成纤维细胞（human gingival fibroblast cells，HGFC）生长的影响。结果： IR分析发现纳米二氧化硅凝胶经热处理后Si-OH弯曲振动吸收峰消失；纳米硅涂层改性陶瓷与未改性陶瓷的细胞相对增值率（relative growth rate，RGR）没有明显的差异（P > 0.05），细胞毒性级别（cytotoxical grade，CG）为0～1级。结论：热处理加强了纳米硅涂层微结构中的Si-O-Si网络；用溶胶凝胶法进行纳米硅涂层表面改性的氧化铝基陶瓷没有明显细胞毒性。

摘要:目的：在3.0T MRI上比较快速小角度激发成像（FLASH）与多回波数据联合成像（MEDIC），对猪膝关节软骨体积定量测量的可重复性及准确性。方法：使用水激发FLASH与水激发MEDIC序列扫描20个猪膝关节，扫描完成立即解剖剥离软骨获得体积，最后比较由图像测量出的体积和解剖出的体积，评估图像测量的准确性。结果：FLASH中膝关节各部的体积测量的可重复性误差由2.5%~3.2%，MEDIC的可重复性误差由1.6％~3.0%。MEDIC及FLASH图像测量的体积与形态学测量的体积有很高的相关性，r = 0.90~0.98。在FLASH和MEDIC序列软骨体积测量值与形态学测量值之间的随机配对误差分别是4.3%~6.8%和2.9%~6.6%，系统性误差分别是－0.6%~1.2%和－1.1%~2.8%。结论：在3.0T MRI上MEDIC图像体积测量可重复性与准确性较高，可用于关节软骨的定量测量；同时一个矢状位MEDIC可提供膝关节软骨各部较全面的体积测量。

摘要:目的：探讨斑螯素（Cantharidin，蛋白磷酸酶2A抑制剂）对胰岛β-细胞的影响及作用机制。方法：将小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导成功的1型糖尿病小鼠20只随机分为斑螯素干预组10只和糖尿病组10只，另取10只小鼠为正常对照组，动态观察空腹血糖（FBG）的变化，实验结束时检测空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）值，同时光镜下观察胰腺的组织形态学变化。结果：斑螯素干预组较糖尿病组FBG值明显下降（P < 0.05），FINS值明显高于糖尿病组（P < 0.01）。病理学观察发现，斑螯素干预组的胰岛体积明显大于糖尿病组，胰岛数目也较多。结论：斑螯素可以有效地改善STZ诱导的小鼠1型糖尿病残留的胰岛的结构与功能，缓解STZ诱导的小鼠1型糖尿病。

摘要:目的：研究人类足月胎盘中的单核-巨噬细胞是否能分化为树突状细胞（DCs）。方法：机械分离足月胎盘中的单核-巨噬细胞，加入内皮细胞单层中，经正逆两次穿越内皮，48 h后收集返回到内皮单层上方得到的细胞，以扫描电子显微镜和普通光学显微镜观察细胞形态，流式细胞仪分析细胞表型及3H-TdR检测DCs激发异体T细胞增殖能力。结果： 足月胎盘中的单核-巨噬细胞经过（逆）穿越内皮系统后，具有典型的DCs的形态学特征，相对于胎盘单核-巨噬细胞而言高表达CD80、CD86以及HLA-DR，并具有激发异体T细胞增殖能力。结论：足月胎盘中的单核巨噬细胞在内皮（逆）穿越系统中可以分化为DCs。

摘要:目的：研究核内不均一核糖核蛋白A2／B1（heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2／B1，hnRNP A2／B1）在正常子宫内膜、子宫内膜异位症（EMs）患者在位内膜、患者异位内膜间的表达差异。方法：用免疫组织化学法和Western blot分析，研究3例增生中晚期正常子宫内膜、3例增生中晚期EMs患者的在位内膜和异位内膜中，hnRNP A2／B1蛋白的表达差异。结果：hnRNP A2／B1主要表达于间质和腺上皮细胞的细胞核内，且EMs患者在位内膜和异位内膜中的表达强度，均低于正常内膜中的表达（P < 0.05）；而患者在位内膜和异位内膜中的表达，无明显差异（P > 0.05）。结论：hnRNP A2／B1可能参与EMs的发生和发展。

摘要:目的：构建表达人催乳素受体基因（prolactin receptor，PRLR）反义RNA的真核表达质粒，观察其对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖的影响。方法：应用基因重组技术，将人PRLR的cDNA反向克隆至pcDAN3.1（-）载体中，构建PRLR反义RNA真核表达质粒，将其转染入人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7中，经G418筛选得到稳定细胞克隆，利用荧光定量PCR检测转染后细胞PRLR基因表达量的变化，应用MTT法、平板克隆形成实验及流式细胞术评价转染后细胞的增殖情况。结果：成功构建出能够表达PRLR反义RNA的真核表达质粒，转染该质粒后，MCF-7中PRLR基因表达量下降，细胞生长变慢，克隆形成能力降低，G1期细胞增加，S期细胞减少。结论：PRLR反义RNA能够下调该基因的表达，并且抑制乳腺癌细胞的增殖，证明反义基因干预治疗的可能性，为乳腺癌基因治疗的进一步研究提供了必要的依据。

摘要:目的：用高效液相（HPLC）法测定兔眼房水中醋甲唑胺浓度，提供其药动学依据。方法：以10%三氯醋酸沉淀兔眼房水中的蛋白质，采用μ1BondapakTM C18柱（3.9 mm × 300 mm，10 -滋m），流动相为甲醇 ∶ 水（25 ∶ 75，V／V），检测波长为290 nm，流速1 ml／min，柱温40℃。结果：兔眼房水中醋甲唑胺浓度在0.05～10.00 -滋g／ml范围内呈良好的线性关系，r = 0.9982，方法的相对回收率101.7%，绝对回收率82.7%，日内和日间RSD小于10%。结论：高效液相法灵敏度高，操作简单快速，结果可靠，适合于眼房水醋甲唑胺药动学研究。

摘要:目的：观察亚砷酸注射液（arsenic trioxide，三氧化二砷）神经干封闭后对兔神经有无破坏及全身和局部组织有无不良反应。方法：将不同浓度的亚砷酸注射液0.5 ml注入颏孔。从大体观察、血细胞测定和病理形态学３个方面分不同时期对兔全身及局部组织的病理生理改变予以观察。结果：在适当浓度的亚砷酸作用下，颏神经被破坏，神经纤维坏死。而兔全身未见不良反应。局部注射区软组织及颏孔周围骨质未见坏死。结论： 适当浓度的亚砷酸可引起神经轴突的损害，且对全身及周围软硬组织无毒性破坏作用。

摘要:目的：探讨功能性消化不良患者的胃电图异常与胃排空的相关性。方法：使用Polygraf ID四导胃电分析系统和不透X线标志物法测定51例功能性消化不良（FD）患者的胃电活动和餐后5 h的胃排空情况。结果：FD患者排空异常占31.4%，胃电异常占72.6%。胃电正常的患者与胃电异常的胃排空率差异无显著性。患者胃排空和胃电图异常时，胃电图节律紊乱，主频正常，部分患者合并餐后主功率不增加。轻度、中度及重度者胃排空率无明显差异；胃电异常率重度者较轻度、中度者明显增高（P < 0.05），轻度与中度症状之间、Hp阳性与Hp阴性的胃排空率差异均无显著性，Hp阳性的胃电异常率高于Hp阴性（P < 0.05）。有或无活动性胃炎的胃电异常率及胃排空率无显著差异。结论：胃电异常在FD的发病中有一定意义；胃排空延缓与胃电异常无明显联系；重度症状患者和Hp阳性患者胃电异常率明显增高；胃炎有无活动性与胃电图及胃排空无明显相关性。

摘要:目的：研究三苯氧胺（tamoxifene，TAM）对雌激素受体阴性的甲状腺乳头状癌和滤泡状癌的体内外作用，并初步探索其作用机制。方法：①体外实验：4-甲基偶氮四唑蓝（MTT）细胞增殖试验观察TAM对甲状腺乳头状癌细胞（IHH-4）和甲状腺滤泡状癌细胞（FTC3-133）生长的影响，流式细胞仪DNA定量法观察ＴＡＭ作用后甲状腺癌细胞周期的变化和晚期凋亡的发生。免疫组织化学法和RT-PCR的方法检测2株细胞中雌激素受体（ER）的表达。②体内实验：5周龄BALB／c雌性裸鼠皮下接种甲状腺乳头状癌细胞IHH-4，肿瘤生长后，处理组予ＴＡＭ 5 mg／（kg·d）灌胃，对照组予等体积安慰剂，连续5周观察肿瘤体积的生长和小鼠体重的变化，并最终比较两组间肿瘤的重量。结果：①体外实验：免疫组化法和RT-PCR法检测IHH-4和FTC-133细胞中雌激素受体均为阴性；ＴＡＭ明显抑制两株甲状腺癌细胞增殖，呈时间和剂量依赖性；ＴＡＭ使两株甲状腺癌细胞阻滞于G1期，并且诱导FTC3-133细胞的凋亡。②体内实验：ＴＡＭ抑制甲状腺癌细胞种植瘤的生长。结论：ＴＡＭ抑制甲状腺癌生长，并通过非依赖雌激素受体途径发挥作用。

摘要:目的： 研究甲状腺乳头状癌组织中TGF-β1和CD31的表达水平与甲状腺癌转移的关系。方法：分别应用原位杂交法和EnVisionTM免疫组织化学法检测55例甲状腺乳头状癌和10例癌周组织TGF-β1mRNA、TGF-β1蛋白和CD31蛋白的表达；并计数CD31标记的肿瘤组织微血管密度。结果：甲状腺乳头状癌组织TGF-β1mRNA阳性为表达率为80.00%，甲状腺乳头状癌组织中TGF-β1阳性表达率为76.37%，均高于癌周组织，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；微血管密度（MVD）与TGF-β1的表达之间存在正相关关系。结论：TGF-β1促进甲状腺癌肿瘤微血管形成，在肿瘤转移中起重要的作用。

摘要:目的：研译耳鸣致残量表（tinnitus handicap inventory，THI），通过临床应用验证其信度、效度、反应度及临床意义。方法：以耳鸣为第一主诉或仅次于听力损失为第二主诉的患者199名为研究对象，调查内容包括一般情况调查表和THI。计算不同性别、年龄、文化程度、病程及听力损失与THI得分的相关性。结果：THI中文版的分半信度为0.88，Cronbach-蒺s α系数为0.90，重测信度为0.98。THI得分能反映治疗前后生活质量的变化。与相对差耳的听力损失程度有显著相关。THI得分在不同性别，年龄，文化程度，病程之间差异无统计学意义。结论：THI中文版信度，区分效度，反应度良好，临床使用THI总分有较大价值。

摘要:目的：探讨他莫昔芬对肾组织纤维化的影响及作用机制。方法：雌性SD大鼠，建立单侧输尿管梗阻模型（UUO），设：①模型组（n = 6），行左侧输尿管结扎术，0.3 ml无菌生理盐水灌胃，每天2次；②治疗组（n = 6），他莫昔芬5 mg／kg（0.3 ml无菌生理盐水配置） 灌胃，每天2次；③假手术组（n = 6）。术后第9天处死各组大鼠。采用光镜和免疫组化观察肾组织纤维化和α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）表达的变化。结果：① 治疗组大鼠肾间质纤维化程度较模型组明显减轻。② UUO模型第9天时大鼠肾组织α-SMA表达明显增强，采用他莫昔芬治疗后，肾组织α-SMA表达的异常增强能得到有效抑制。结论：昔芬类药物具有减轻肾组织纤维化的作用，而这一作用与其能有效阻抑肾组织上皮细胞-间充质细胞转分化（EMT）有关。

摘要:目的：应用光学相干断层扫描（optical coherence tomography，OCT） 观察2型糖尿病（DM）患者黄斑区厚度与形态的改变。方法：正常对照组23例30眼，DM患者75例120只眼分无糖尿病视网膜病变（non-diabetic retinopathy，NDR）、非增殖期（non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy，NPDR）及增殖期（PDR）病变3组。采用OCT观察DM患者黄斑区图像特征，同一时间点应用黄斑地形图分析软件测量黄斑部9个分区视网膜厚度，并做最佳矫正视力与糖尿病视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy，DR）患者黄斑中心凹厚度的相关性分析。结果：正常人、NDR、 NPDR、PDR组黄斑各区平均厚度与国内外报道相符，NDR与正常人黄斑各区厚度相比差异无显著性（P > 0.05），其余各组差异均有显著性（P < 0.01）；DR患者的黄斑中心凹厚度与视力呈负相关 （r = -0.69，P < 0.01）；同时发现DM患者黄斑区有囊样水肿、黄斑前膜等多种表现，多以两种及两种以上形态出现。结论：OCT能定性、定量地观察糖尿病黄斑区的表现，为其组织形态的评价、指导治疗及随访提供可靠的检测手段。

摘要:目的：探讨正常T淋巴细胞表达和分泌的活性调节蛋白（regulated on activation，normal T cell expressed and secreted，RANTES）启动子-403G／A基因多态性与呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）致毛细支气管炎（简称毛支）的相关性。方法：应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测238例RSV毛支患者及288例正常对照者RANTES基因-403G／A多态性，酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测血清总IgE浓度。结果： RSV毛支组-403G／A基因型及等位基因频率与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05），但RSV毛支组-403G／A 3个基因型间个体特应性体质阳性率及特应性家族史阳性率比较有显著差异（P < 0.05），并且携带-403A等位基因个体发生特应性体质的危险性是GG纯合子个体的2.57倍（P < 0.05）。RSV毛支组-403G／A基因型间血清IgE水平差异有显著性（P < 0.05）。结论：中国汉族人群RANTES启动子-403G／A基因多态性可能与RSV毛支易感性无关联，但-403A等位基因可能为特应性体质的易感因素。

摘要:目的：观察木犀草素对哮喘小鼠气道重塑和气道IL-13Rα2表达的影响。方法：建立哮喘气道重塑模型，自第14 天雾化吸入OVA 前0.5 h，干预组分别腹腔注射地塞米松及木犀草素灌胃。OVA 雾化结束后24 h，处死小鼠后肺组织石蜡切片HE染色观察气道形态学改变，IL-13Rα2免疫组化染色，并经计算机图像分析测定气道壁中含量，同时RT-PCR法测定IL-13Rα2、TGF-β1mRNA的表达。结果：①光镜下模型小鼠均有气道重塑病理改变，哮喘组明显，地塞米松干预组和木犀草素干预组较轻；②气道图像分析哮喘组支气管平滑肌的面积／气管腔的内周长（Wam／Pi）值、Wam／Pi值较空白对照组显著增加，地塞米松组和木犀草素干预组较哮喘组显著减轻；③免疫组化分析单位长度基膜气道壁平均IL-13Rα2阳性细胞数，哮喘组小鼠较正常组升高，地塞米松干预组和木犀草素干预组较哮喘组明显减少；④RT-PCR检测哮喘组小鼠气道壁IL-13Rα2及TGF-β1含量较正常组显著增加，地塞米松干预组和木犀草素干预组较哮喘组明显减少。结论：木犀草素可抑制气道壁的增厚和平滑肌增殖，减轻气道重塑，其作用的机制可能是通过抑制IL-13Rα2的表达实现的。

摘要:目的：探索男性患者中阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征（OSAHS）与代谢综合征（MS）的相关关系，以及CPAP治疗对MS的作用。方法：86例男性OSAHS患者（OSAHS组）按照呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）分为轻、中及重度OSAHS亚组。241例（AHI < 5）年龄和体重相匹配的健康男性作为正常对照组。其中25例OSAHS和MS并存患者进行CPAP治疗（治疗组）。比较OSAHS组与对照组，以及治疗组治疗前后MS的患病率，外周循环代谢参数的差异和相关性。分析治疗组CPAP治疗前后胰岛素抵抗（IR）的改变。结果：舒张压、平均压、臀围、腰围、腰臀比、HDL-C在OSAHS组和对照组差异有显著性；OSAHS组及各亚组MS患病率均显著高于对照组，且MS患病率随OSAHS程度加重而显著增高；多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示，OSAHS为MS的危险因素，其中重度OSAHS患者比正常对照组患病危险增加43倍多；多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示，OSAHS是MS的独立危险因素。CPAP治疗后，治疗组患者腰围、收缩压、舒张压、FBG均有显著降低，IR改善，MS患病比例下降。结论： 在男性患者中OSAHS与MS密切相关，是MS的独立危险因素之一； CPAP治疗能改善胰岛素抵抗，降低MS患病率。

摘要:目的：检测哮喘患儿外周血白介素19（IL-19）水平，探讨其临床意义。方法：实验分3组，发作期组（21例）、缓解期组（19例）、正常对照组（22例）。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法检测外周血IL-19、IgE水平，血细胞分析仪计数外周血嗜酸性粒细胞（EOS）。结果：与对照组比较，发作期组和缓解期组外周血IL-19、IgE水平和EOS明显增高（P < 0.01）。发作期组IL-19和EOS水平高于缓解期组（P < 0.05），而发作期组IgE水平与缓解期组比较差异无显著性。相关性分析显示，外周血IL-19与IgE及EOS均呈正相关（r =0.837, P ＜ 0.01；r =0.742，P ＜ 0.01 ）。结论：外周血IL-19在哮喘不同时期上升程度不同。IL-19可能在哮喘发病机制中发挥重要作用，观察其变化有助于哮喘临床诊断和病情监测。

摘要:目的：克隆并在293T细胞中表达卡波济肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）包膜糖蛋白编码基因K8.1、K8.1A与gL。方法：以BCBL-1细胞总DNA为模板，用PCR方法扩增出K8.1和gL基因；以BCBL-1细胞的总RNA为模板，通过RT-PCR的方法扩增出K8.1A基因。将PCR产物克隆进真核载体pcDNA3.1（+）内，分别构建含K8.1、K8.1A和gL基因的重组真核表达质粒。重组质粒转染293T细胞，用Western blot的方法检测K8.1和K8.1A在293T细胞中的表达； RT-PCR方法检测gL基因在293T细胞中的转录。结果：核酸序列分析的结果表明，克隆的K8.1、K8.1A和gL基因与GenBank中已登记的KSHV K8.1、K8.1A和gL基因序列100％同源。Western blot结果显示，在约35 ku位置有目的条带，与预期的重组K8.1和K8.1A蛋白大小一致。RT-PCR结果显示约在500 bp位置检测到特异性条带。结论：KSHV K8.1、K8.1A和gL编码基因在293T细胞中获得正确表达。

摘要:目的：探讨急性高容量血液稀释（AHH）联合控制性降压对脑膜瘤手术患者的临床应用价值。方法：脑膜瘤择期手术患者30例，随机分为观察组（A组）和对照组（B组）。A组麻醉诱导后输入6%羟乙基淀粉（万汶 25 ml／min，15 ml／kg），B组仅常规输入平衡液。两组患者在切皮后均采用异氟醚控制性降压并维持呼气末二氧化碳分压在4.0 kPa。从颈内静脉逆行置管至球部备采血样行血气分析，行足背动脉和股静脉穿刺置管，连续监测动脉压（MAP）和中心静脉压（CVP），蛛网膜下隙置管测颅内压（ICP）。结果：AHH前后及行控制性降压后，两组MAP、HR、颅内压（ICP）、乳酸（Lac）和pH值均无显著变化（P > 0.05），A组颈内静脉血氧饱和度（SjO2）和氧分压（PO2）较AHH前和B组明显升高（P < 0.05）。结论：AHH联合控制性降压可改善脑膜瘤患者术中脑氧供需平衡，维持脑灌注和循环稳定，可安全有效地应用于临床脑膜瘤手术。

摘要:目的：分析总结电视胸腔镜（video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery，VATS）治疗双侧同期肺大疱的经验。方法：53例双侧肺大疱均采用同期VATS手术，其中11 例辅助胸腔镜小切口（video-assisted minithoracotomy，VAMT）。结果：全部治愈，术后平均留置胸腔引流管4.6天，13例术后发生肺水肿、再次气胸及呼吸衰竭等并发症，术后平均住院14.6天，随访1个月至5年。结论：双侧肺大疱采用同期VATS手术是首选治疗方法，较常规双侧肺大疱切除术相比VATS创伤小，住院时间缩短，术后疼痛轻，恢复快。

摘要:目的：研究尿毒症患者桡动脉钙化与腕部动静脉内瘘术中血栓形成的关系。方法：30例尿毒症患者，初次行腕部动静脉内瘘吻合术，采用端-端吻合的方法于术中取小段桡动脉。普通HE染色观察动脉内血栓形成的情况，硝酸银染色了解血管钙化的状况。结果：HE染色显示，尿毒症患者的桡动脉弹力板完整，动脉中层以平滑肌细胞为主，未见巨噬细胞浸润。30例桡动脉中11例血管有钙化（36.67%），8例管腔内见不同程度的新鲜血栓形成，其中5例患者伴发桡动脉钙化（62.5０%），主要定位于桡动脉的平滑肌层和弹力板下方，在未形成血栓的患者中桡动脉钙化的发生率为27.27%，二者差异有显著性（P < 0.01）。结论： 尿毒症血管钙化是导致血栓形成的重要原因之一；血栓形成可能与患者的内瘘手术成功与否有一定关联。

摘要:

摘要:

摘要:

摘要: