摘要:Objective: This article provides an overview of characteristics of phospholipids, the characteristics and influential factors of liposome and microemulsion as carriers for skin delivery of drugs, and the latest advances of the phospholipids carriers in transdermal delivery systems. The perspective is that phospholipids carriers may be capable of a wide range of applications in the transdermal delivery system.

摘要:Objective: To test whether IL-1 RI/My088-TIR mimic AS-1 can work as a new compound that targeted at blocking MyD88-dependent signaling pathway, we investigated the physical structure and biological function of AS-1. Methods:The crystallographic structure of AS-1 was examined by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The toxicity of AS-1 was measured with Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay. The effect of AS-1 on phosphorylation state of p38 MAPK and IRAK-1 was observed with Western blot. Results:The crystallographic details of AS-1 demonstrated that it was a tri-peptide sequence[(F/Y)-(V/L/I)-(P/G)] of the IL-1RⅠ-TIR domain BB-loop. No toxicity of AS-1 was shown to HEK 293A cells. The phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, induced by IL-1β significantly increased from those in the control group. AS-1 significantly reduced the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK induced by IL-1β. IL-1β increased the phosphorylation of IRAK-1 significantly, which was prevented by AS-1. Conclusion:AS-1 is a competitive mimic between IL-1RⅠ-TIR and MyD88-TIR domain, which most likely interferes with MyD88-dependent signaling pathway.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the mechanisms that Simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, plays an important role in primary prevention of atherosclerosis independently of its lipid-lowering effect in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice in the early stage of atherosclerosis. Methods: Twenty-four 6-week old male apoE-deficient mice were randomly divided into two groups:control group(normal saline) and treatment group[simvastatin(5 mg/(kg·d))]. Simvastatin was administered to treatment group mice by gavage and the same volume of normal saline was administered to control group mice by the same method for 2 or 4 weeks.Total cholesterol(TC), super-oxide dismutase(SOD), malondialdehyde(MDA) and serum nitric oxide(NO) were measured by bio-chemical analysis. Results: There was no significant difference in serum TC between control and treatment groups. Compared with the control’s, the effects of simvastatin were more significant in decreasing serum MDA level(P < 0.01 vs control’s at 2-week; P < 0.006 vs control’s at 4-week), increasing serum SOD level(P < 0.03 vs control’s at 2-week; P < 0.003 vs control’s at 4-week) and NO level(P < 0.01 control’s at 2-week; P < 0.001 vs control’s at 4-week) either at 2 or 4 weeks. Conclusion: Simvastatin attenuates oxidative stress and protects endothelial function by the mechanisms of decreasing serum MDA level, increasing serum SOD level and NO level , which were inconsistent with its cholesterol-lowering effect. It may play an important role in primary(if not all) prevention of atherosclerosis and might be independent of lipid-regulation mechanism.

摘要:Objective: This investigation was designed to stratify patients with acute chest pain based on their symptoms, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac injury markers and the number of accompanying traditional risk factors(smoking, obesity, hyperlipemia, hypertension, diabetes), and to assess the effect of the above factors to obtain a risk stratification for patients with chest pain. Methods: We identified 139 patients with acute chest pain, including 45 myocardiac infarction patients, 65 unstable angina patients and 29 chest pain patients without identified acute coronary syndrome(ACS) admitted to our Coronary Heart Center during December 2004 to February 2005. All patients accepted coronary angiography. All data was collected using questionnaires. Based on reported symptom, electrocardiogram (ECG), cardiac injury markers and the number of the accompanying traditional risk factors, we stratified all patients into four groups: Group 1, patients with acute chest pain, ECG changes and abnormal cardiac injury biomarkers. Group 2, patients with acute chest pain and ECG changes(without abnormal cardiac injury biomarkers). Group 3, patients with acute chest pain, normal ECG, normal cardiac injury biomarkers and >2 traditional risk factors. Group 4, patients with acute chest pain, normal ECG and normal cardiac injury biomarkers, but only≤2 traditional risk factors. From this data we examined the difference of ACS incidence in the four groups. Results:After stratification the ACS incidence of the grouped patients in turn was 100%, 84%, 69.6% and 53.3%. The combination of early phase ECG and cardiac injury markers identified 70.9% patients with ACS(the specificity being 90.7%). The mortality of group 3 was higher compared with group 4(69.6% vs 53.3%), however the P value was more than 0.05 and didn’t show significant statistical difference. The correlation analysis found the number of the traditional risk factors had a significant positive correlation (r = 0.202, P = 0.044) with the number of stenosis being more than 50% of the artery diameter. Multiple linear regression showed the hypertension had a significant correlation with the number of the diseased regions(P = 0.014). Conclusions:The risk stratification based on the symptom, ECG, cardiac injury markers and accompanying traditional risk factors is both important and available in practice. It is unsuitable for patients with a normal ECG and cardiac injury markers to differentiate ACS from non-cardiac chest pain relying only on the number of the accompanying traditional risk factors. However we found the number of the risk factors can indicate the disease severity.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the histomorphological change in auto-extremity artery following transplantation. Methods: 50 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups(postoperative 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, 56 d, n = 10). Femoral artery was harvested and end-to-side anastomosed with carotid in order to build the auto-extremity arterial graft animal model. On the postoperative 1st, 3rd, 7th,14th and 56th days, grafts for morphometric analysis under the Image analysis system were obtained; and electron microscope was scanned to observe endothelial cells. In addition, Immunostaining of sections were performed with the mouse monoclonal antibody of the α-smooth muscle isoform of actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen antibody. Results: Overall patency rate for all conduits was 86%.The intimal hyperplasia was first observed in the 7th day group, and continued to increase in the 56th day group(183.21±111.74)μm, P < 0.01. Additionally, the luminal narrowed(32.43±18.28)% in the 56th day group. Smooth muscle cells were the mainly hyperplastic components. The most active proliferation of cells was detected in the 14th day group, where the extracellular matrix gradually deposited in the intima. Conclusion: Moderate intimal hyperplasia occurred in arterial conduits and vascular structure experienced constrictive remodeling after auto-transplantation.

摘要:Objective: To study the inhibition of proliferation of breast cancer by small interfering RNA(siRNA) targeting human prolactin(hPRLR) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods:The siRNA targeting hPRLR was chemically synthesized and transfected into MCF-7 cells, the expression of hPRLR was analyzed by real-time quantitive PCR, cell growth inhibition was measured with MTT assay, cell cycle of the transfected cells was examined by flow cytometry, meanwhile, expression of cyclin D1 was tested by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results:24 h after transfection with 100 nmol/L siRNA-PRLR, the expression of hPRLR mRNA was suppressed by 65%, cells in G1 phase increased, but cells in S phase decreased. Down regulated hPRLR expression exhibited significant inhibition in cell proliferation. And the expression of cyclin D1 was down regulated. Conclusion:The results indicate that siRNA-hPRLR is a useful tool for silencing hPRLR expression and inhibiting cell proliferation in breast cancer MCF-7 cell line, and it may be a possible new approach for breast cancer gene therapy.

摘要:Objective: To evaluate the effects of different concentrations of phosphate on calcium deposition and osteocalcin level in cultured bovine aortic smooth muscle cell, investigate the mechanism of hyperphosphatemia to evoke calcification of vascular smooth muscle cell and observe the effects of phosphonoformic acid(PFA) in different concentrations on vascular calcification. Methods: The bovine aortic smooth muscle cells (BASMC) were cultured.Calcium deposition and the expression of osteocalcin of BASMC in different concentrations of phosphate (1.5 mmol/L and 2.0 mmol/L) and PFA were determined by o-cresolphthalein complexone and radioimmunity methods, respectively. Osteocalcin mRNA expressions were determined by RT-PCR. Results: After six or nine days of BASMC cultured, the calcium deposition in Pi 2.0 mmol/L group was more than that in Pi 1.5 mmol/L group[(77.187±11.692)μg/(mg·protein) vs(25.768±1.750)μg/(mg·protein), P < 0.01 and(125.399±16.677)μg/(mg·protein) vs(29.046±2.635)μg/(mg·protein), P < 0.01 respectively]. The calcium deposition was dependent on time and dosage of phosphate treatment. After 72 h culture the osteocalcin in Pi 2.0 mmol/L group was more than that in Pi 1.5 mmol/L group[in supernatant,(1.503±10-2±2.601×10-3)ng/(μg· protein) vs(2.981×10-3±8.382×10-4)ng/(μg·protein), P < 0.001], the same was found in osteocalcin mRNA expression[OC/GAPDH,(1.906±0.132) vs(0.748±0.037)，P < 0.001]. Compared to Pi 1.5mmol/L group,bovine smooth muscle cells(BSMC) cultured in media containing Pi 2.0 mmol/L phosphate levels increased calcium deposition[On day 6,(77.187±11.692)μg/(mg·protein) vs(25.768±1.750)μg/(mg·protein), P < 0.001]. Elevated phosphate treatment of BSMCs also enhanced the expression of the osteoblastic differentiation marker osteocalcin[On day 3, Pi 2.0 mmol/L group vs Pi 1.5mmol/L group,(1.503×10-2±2.601×10-3)ng/(μg·protein) vs(2.981×10-3±8.382×10-4)ng/(μg·protein), P < 0.001]. PFA decreased ciacium deposition and osteocalcin expres-sion statistically[Pi 2.0 mmol/L+PFA1.0 mmol/L group vs Pi 2.0mmol/L group , ciacium deposition, (37.729±5.899)μg/(mg· protein) vs (77.187±11.692)μg/(mg·protein), P < 0.001]; Osteocalcin in supernatant, (4.529±10-3±1.250×10-3)ng/(μg·protein) vs(1.503×10-2±2.601×10-3) ng/(μg·protein), P < 0.001; osteocalcin mRNA expression, OC/GAPDH, (0.642±0.092) vs (1.89±0.165), P < 0.01]. Conclusion: Hyperphosphate may directly promote calcium deposition and the osteocalcin expression of BASMCs. It may be a new explanation for the phenomenon of vascular calcification in hyperphosphatemic conditions. Hyperphosphatemia is an independent factor to stimulate vascular calcification. PFA can inhibit calcium deposition and osteocalcin expression induced by elevated phosphate.PFA may be a new medicine to treat vascular calcification induced by elevated phosphate.

摘要:Objective:To investigate correlation between C-reactive protein(CRP) and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods:Twenty-five GDM women were served as study group, and thirty normal pregnant women were selected as control group. The serum FPG,2hPG, HbA1c and CRP levels and the leukocyte count were detected in the two groups, in order to observe the relationship between gestational diabetes mellitus and inflammatory markers. Results:The age and gestational week did not show difference in the two groups(P > 0.05). But there was a significant difference in body mass index(BMI) between the GDM group and the control group(P < 0.05). The serum FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c and CRP levels and the leukocyte count in the GDM group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was significant(P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between serum C-reactive protein value and FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c serum levels or the leukocyte count in GDM group. But in the control group there was no correlation between them. Conclusion:The results suggest that there is correlation between C-reactive protein and gestational diabetes mellitus, and inflamma-tion may play an important role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics. Methods:Thirty-two Angora’s rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups. U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg; U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg; N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg; N2 group: nicardipine 20 μg/kg. All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds. Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the follow-ing data: mean blood pressure(MAP), heart rate(HR), sino-atrial conduction time(SACT), maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT) , index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI), Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB), and P-R interval. Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after adminis-tration of both urapidil and nicardipine. No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters. Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P < 0.01); the MAP decreased(P < 0.01) and the HR increased drastically(P < 0.01). Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg) nor nicardipine(10μg/kg, 20μg/kg) has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function. Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.

摘要:Objective:To assess the capability of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) in evaluating the cardiac structures and function in the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM). Methods:Fourteen healthy volunteers and eighteen cases with HCM verified by history, clinical presentation, electrocardiogram and echocardiography(ECG) were performed with MRI. The myocardial thickness of interventricular septum at the basal segment and that of posterolateral free wall of the left ventricle(LV) were measured. Some indexes for evaluating cardiac function were measured using ARGUS auto-quantitative program. Results:The myocardial thickness of septum at the basal segment had significant difference between the HCM patients and the healthy volunteers. There was no significant difference between MRI and ECG in examining end-diastolic volume, ejection fraction of the LV. Conclusion:MRI can fully provide more information on the abnormalities of cardiac anatomy and function; thus, it is of great value in clinical application.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the correlation between obstetrical complications and depressive disorder. Methods:Depressive disorder probands and their adult sibling were diagnosed using CCMD-3 criteria. Obstetrical data from maternal reports were scored, applying published scales that take into account number and severity of complication. Results:The scores of obstetric complication and prenatal complications and low birth weight were significantly worse in probands than siblings without depressive disorders. Conclusion:Results suggest obstetric complications are etiologically significant in depressive disorder.

摘要:Objective:To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas(SPTP). Methods:Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin(HE) staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results:Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin(9/9 cases), AAT(9/9 cases), NSE(9/9 cases), ACT(7/9 cases), CK20(2/9 cases), CgA(1/9 cases), S-100(3/9cases), PR(4/9cases), Syn(3/9 cases) and CD56(5/9cases), negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion:SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.

摘要:Objective: To examine the expression patterns of p63 in tissues of particular keratinocyte original hyperproliferate diseases and variety cell types for determining if P63 is the marker of proliferative potential keratinocytes. Methods: P63 protein was detected and analyzed by immunoreactivity method and Western blot in biopsy specimens of keratinocyte original disorders including squamous cell carcinomas SCC, basal cell carcinomas BCC, Bowen’s disease and other tissues or cells, such as psoriasis vulgaris, normal skin tissues, primary cultured keratinocytes, immortal HaCaT cells, and epidermoid carcinoma cells A431. Results: P63 protein was expressed in the nuclei of basal and suprabasal layer of the epidermis, germinative cells of sebaceous glands in normal epidermal. P63 was strongly and diffusely detected in the majority of tumor cells in BCC and poorly-differentiated SCC. In Bowen’s disease, p63 expresses are remarkable in all cell layers. In the psoriasis plaque epidermal, p63 expressed mainly in basal cells and part of spinous cells. P63 expressed more strongly in primary cultured keratinocytes than in A431 cells or HaCaT cells. Conclusion: P63 is a nuclei marker of undifferentiated keratinocytes with the proliferative potential and may disrupt the terminal differentiation. The overexpression of p63 reflects immaturity of the tumor cells. The immunohistochemical staining of p63 may be useful for investigating the origin and differentiation of tumor cells.

摘要:目的：研究人肝细胞癌中表皮生长因子受体（ｅｐｉｄｅｒｍａｌ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｆａｃｔｏｒ ｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ， ＥＧＦＲ）的表达及其细胞内信号转导通路，探讨ＥＧＦＲ在促进肿瘤细胞增殖中的作用。方法：用免疫组化实验检测癌组织中ＥＧＦＲ的表达；用ＥＧＦ和ＡＧ１４７８处理人肝癌细胞ＨｕＨ７；用Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ法检测ＥＧＦＲ、ｐ-ＥＧＦＲ、ｐ-ＥＲＫ蛋白表达；用ＷＳＴ法检测细胞增长率。结果：１７例ＨＣＣ患者癌组织中，ＥＧＦＲ的阳性表达率为１００％；ＨｕＨ７中ＥＧＦＲ的表达明显高于正常肝细胞ＨＬ-７７０２。外源性ＥＧＦ（１０ μｇ／Ｌ）处理后，ＥＲＫ和ＥＧＦＲ的磷酸化水平提高，同时细胞生长率提高９．２％，而此作用能被ＡＧ１４７８（２０ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）阻断。结论：人肝细胞癌中，ＥＧＦＲ高表达，ＥＧＦＲ的激活主要通过受体磷酸化完成，活化的ｐ-ＥＧＦＲ可能通过ＥＲＫ／ＭＡＰＫ下游信号通路传递信息，调控人肝细胞癌的发生发展。

摘要:目的：构建podocin荧光表达载体，并观察其转染HEK293后对CD2AP细胞内分布的影响。方法：PCR扩增NPHS2 cDNA全长，通过T／A克隆连接至pGEMT-easy载体，应用XhoⅠ和BamHⅠ双酶切后,再将NPHS2全长亚克隆入pEGFP-C2。将构建好的荧光表达载体pEGFP-NPHS2转染HEK293细胞，通过免疫荧光的方法观察转染前后CD2AP细胞内的分布情况。结果：①成功构建pEGFP-NPHS2荧光表达载体；②Podocin表达载体转染HEK293细胞后，CD2AP由核周转为弥散的细胞质分布。结论：Podocin转染HEK293细胞可使CD2AP由核周转为弥散的细胞质分布。

摘要:目的：探讨环氧合酶-２（ＣＯＸ-２）选择性抑制剂塞莱昔布（ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ）对血管平滑肌细胞的增殖抑制作用及分子机制。方法：给予原代培养的大鼠平滑肌细胞不同浓度的ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ处理， ＷＳＴ-１细胞增殖实验观察细胞的生长抑制作用；流式细胞术检测凋亡；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ方法检测血管平滑肌细胞ＣＯＸ-２的表达、ｃａｓｐａｓｅ-３蛋白的裂解激活、磷酸化Ａｋｔ的表达。结果：ＷＳＴ-１实验结果显示，经０、６．２５、１２．５０、２５．００、５０．００ μｍｏｌ／Ｌｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ作用２４ ｈ后，细胞的增殖率分别为１００％、８１．１５％、６６．７２％、５４．９３％和１１．４１％；５０ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ作用２４ ｈ后，流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率为３０．７２％；Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎ ｂｌｏｔ实验显示，血管平滑肌细胞中ＣＯＸ-２有表达，ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ作用于细胞后ｃａｓｐａｓｅ-３蛋白裂解片段激活，磷酸化Ａｋｔ的表达减弱或消失。结论：ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ对血管平滑肌细胞有增殖抑制和凋亡诱导作用，其机制可能部分涉及到Ａｋｔ／ｃａｓｐａｓｅ途径。

摘要:目的：探讨选择性ＣＯＸ-２抑制剂ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ对培养的人肝细胞癌细胞的细胞周期的阻滞作用。方法：采用３种常规培养的人肝细胞癌细胞株ＨＵＨ-７、Ｈｅｐ３Ｂ和ＨｅｐＧ２，分别给予不同浓度的ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ（０、１０、２５、５０ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ），作用不同的时间（０、１２、２４、４８ ｈ），用ＷＳＴ-８法检测细胞的活性，用流式细胞仪检测肝癌细胞的细胞周期变化。结果：ＷＳＴ-８检测发现，随着ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ的作用浓度的增加和作用时间的延长，３种肝癌细胞的细胞活性明显下降。流式细胞仪检测发现，３种肝癌细胞在ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ ２５ μｍｏｌ／Ｌ作用２４ ｈ后出现Ｇ０／Ｇ１期阻滞，ＨＵＨ-７细胞也出现较弱Ｇ２／Ｍ期阻滞的现象，４８ ｈ时更为明显。结论：选择性ＣＯＸ-２抑制剂ｃｅｌｅｃｏｘｉｂ可以通过明显的细胞周期阻滞作用降低肝细胞癌细胞活性，阻滞的时期主要位于Ｇ０／Ｇ１期和Ｇ２／Ｍ期。

摘要:目的：探讨内毒素（lipopolysaccharide, LPS）诱导的小鼠心肌中Toll样受体4 （Toll like receptor 4,TLR4）通路分子靶点激活的时间相关性及其意义。方法： 将雄性C57BL／6J小鼠随机分为LPS处理组（腹腔注射LPS 10 mg／kg）和生理盐水对照组，Western blotting检测处理后5 min、10 min、30 min、1 h、2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h各时间点（n = 3） 心肌TLR4通路各分子靶点的激活。结果：TLR4-MyD88-IκBα通路5 min即被激活，2 h达高峰，随后开始下降（P < 0.05）。MAPKs 5 min被激活，6 h达峰值，随后开始下降（P < 0.05）。Akt 10 min被激活，6 h达峰值，其后逐渐下降（P < 0.05）。结论：LPS诱导心肌TLR4通路的激活与时间变化存在密切联系。

摘要:目的：研究脱氧鬼臼毒素（ＤＯＰ）对３ 龄菜青虫的毒杀作用及中枢神经系统ＡＣｈＥ、ＡＴＰａｓｅ 活性的影响，探讨其杀虫机制。方法：采用小叶碟添加法，测定ＤＯＰ 对３ 龄菜青虫的毒杀活性，建立染毒模型，用试剂盒测定ＡＣｈＥ 和ＡＴＰａｓｅ 活性。结果：①ＤＯＰ 对３ 龄菜青虫的毒杀活性表现出浓度、时间依赖性，４８ ｈ ＬＣ５０＝１５１．８７ ｍｇ／Ｌ＞７２ ｈ ＬＣ５０＝３９．９９ ｍｇ／Ｌ＞９６ ｈ ＬＣ５０＝１０．６０ ｍｇ／Ｌ。②ＤＯＰ 对ＡＣｈＥ 活性没有明显影响。③高浓度（１２５ ｍｇ／Ｌ）组对ＡＴＰａｓｅ 活性持续抑制，中浓度（５、２５ ｍｇ／Ｌ）组在２４ ｈ 时激活，４８ ｈ时恢复正常，７２ ｈ时保持正常（５ ｍｇ／Ｌ）或抑制作用（２５ ｍｇ／Ｌ）。结论：ＤＯＰ 对３ 龄菜青虫具有毒杀作用；３ 龄菜青虫中枢神经系统ＡＣｈＥ 不是ＤＯＰ 靶标，ＡＴＰａｓｅ 可能是ＤＯＰ 的重要靶标之一。

摘要:目的：研究制滴菌素（ｔｒｉｃｈｏｓｔａｔｉｎ Ａ，ＴＳＡ）诱导乳腺癌细胞株ＭＣＦ-７的细胞毒性作用及基于该效应可能的转录调节基础。方法：采用ＭＴＴ法观察不同浓度ＴＳＡ对ＭＣＦ-７细胞的抑制作用，Ａｎｎｅｘｉｎ-Ｖ／ＰＩ双染观察该梯度下的细胞凋亡情况，细胞周期分析检测不同时间段的周期变化，ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ分析ＴＳＡ处理前后ＥＲα、ｍｙｃ-ｃ、Ｐ２１、ｃｙｃｌｉｎ-Ｄ及Ｂｃｌ-２基因的转录表达情况。结果：ＴＳＡ对ＭＣＦ-７细胞的抑制作用具有时间和剂量的依赖性，Ａｎｎｅｘｉｎ-Ｖ／ＰＩ双染分析显示在ＴＳＡ处理４８ ｈ后，随其浓度的增加，细胞的凋亡率依次升高，０．５ -滋ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＴＳＡ作用，细胞凋亡率为３３．８２％；细胞周期分析检测显示在０．５ -滋ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＴＳＡ的作用下，ＭＣＦ-７细胞出现周期阻滞，但未检测出细胞凋亡。ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ分析显示除Ｐ２１基因上调外， ＥＲα、ｍｙｃ-ｃ、ｃｙｃｌｉｎ-Ｄ及Ｂｃｌ-２均下调，同朝着增殖抑制、周期阻滞及凋亡的方向进展。结论：ＴＳＡ能诱导ＭＣＦ-７细胞的细胞毒性作用，其机制可能与转录调节有关。

摘要:目的：克隆与分析小鼠不同剪切的Ｌｉｍｓ基因。方法：应用巢式ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ，以小鼠ｃＤＮＡ 为模板，扩增Ｌｉｍｓ基因不同剪切子，构入ＰｉｎＰｏｉｎｔＴＭ Ｘａ-１Ｔ 质粒，测序鉴定。结果：测序表明克隆了新的Ｌｉｍｓ基因变异剪切体Ｌｉｍｓ Ｅ，该变异剪切体编码区为１ １６４ ｂｐ， 编码３８７个氨基酸。结论： 比较基因组学分析显示，成功地克隆了一新的小鼠Ｌｉｍｓ基因剪切子Ｌｉｍｓ Ｅ，为进一步研究Ｌｉｍｓ基因在细胞发育中的功能打下了基础。

摘要:目的：检测GATA-4基因在大鼠胚胎心脏中的蛋白表达变化。方法： 取大鼠胚胎 12、15、19天心脏，应用Western blot、免疫组化的方法进行半定量、定位分析。结果：免疫组化显示，GATA-4 基因在房室肌、心内膜、心内膜垫、房室瓣及大动脉根部均有表达。Western blot显示，在胚胎12天心脏中，GATA-4 基因已有较高表达；在胚胎15天表达明显上调，胚胎19天时表达又有所下降。结论：GATA-4随大鼠胚胎心脏的生长发育呈动态表达，GATA-4与心脏发育密切相关。

摘要:目的：构建LAP（latency associated peptide in TGF-beta，LAP） 为潜伏作用，MMP（matrix metalloproteinase, MMP）酶切位点为导向作用，TGF-β3活性部分为治疗作用的具有靶向治疗功能的工程化TGF-β3蛋白，并转染软骨膜来源的软骨前体细胞（chondrogenic progenitor ｃells，CPCs），检验其特异性的靶向治疗作用。方法：将人工合成的编码MMP酶切位点氨基酸的正反义DNA序列经基因重组定向克隆插入真核表达载体pIRES-EGFP中，之后将大鼠的TGF-β3的LAP段和TGF-β3的活性片断（mature TGF-β3，mTGF-β3），分别插入到MMP的上游和下游，获pIRES-EGFP-LAP-MMP-mTGF-β3重组质粒。然后将其转染入软骨膜来源的CPCs，将转染后的CPCs在有MMP-1和无MMP-1的条件下进行球团培养，并分别检测胶原Ⅱ（COLⅡ），Aggrecan（Agc）和TIMP的表达。结果：经过测序和酶切鉴定，成功构建了 pIRES-EGFP-LAP-MMP-mTGF-β3质粒，转染CPCs后，只有MMP酶存在的条件下才能有效的促进CPCs向软骨分化和软骨基质的合成。结论：通过基因工程构建的工程化ＴＧＦ－β３具有靶向性促进软骨前体细胞修复软骨的应用前景。

摘要:目的：对中国数字化可视人（Chinese visible human, CVH）横断面数据集的连续追踪观察及肺动脉系统的三维重建，研究肺动脉在肺脏内的分布特点。方法：对CVH数据集连续肺脏断面图像进行连续追踪观察，在断面上分割肺动脉，并对分割结果进行三维重建。结果： CVH肺脏断面图像清晰，可清楚显示肺动脉系统，分割后重建出肺内动脉系统，重建图像质量较高，最远可显示肺动脉的第5级分支。结论：研究实现了对CVH肺动脉系统的重建，为影像医学和肺脏手术提供了解剖学参考，而且可用于解剖学教学。

摘要:目的：研究普乐可复（即FK506）对肝癌肝移植术后体内可能残存肿瘤细胞的影响，从而对肝癌患者肝移植术后抗排异药物的选择起一定的指导作用。方法：在体外细胞培养条件下，通过MTT、RT-PCR、Western blot方法，研究普乐可复对肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖及其肿瘤相关细胞因子TGF-α和C-met的特异性表达的影响。结果：普乐可复组（5 μg／L） 对肝癌细胞株HepG2增殖及TGF-α及c-Met特异mRNA及蛋白的表达有抑制作用。与对照组相比，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论：FK-506对肝癌细胞生长有一定的抑制作用。

摘要:目的：制备新型天冬氨酸－谷氨酸共聚物－甲硝唑（ｐｏｌｙ ａｓｐａｒｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ-ｃｏ-ｇｌｕｔａｍｉｃ ａｃｉｄ-ｍｅｔｒｏｎｉｄａｚｏｌｅ，ＰＡＧ-ＭＴＩ）纳米粒子。方法：应用化学法合成ＰＡＧ-ＭＴＩ纳米粒子；通过红外光谱仪测定其化学结构、透射电镜及激光粒度分析仪分析微观形貌和粒径、紫外分光光度法测定载药量、透析法进行体外释放试验，对其化学结构和物理性质进行了系列表征。结果：合成的ＰＡＧ-ＭＴＩ纳米粒为球形，粒径１９８．９ ｎｍ，载药量１２％，体外释放试验表明ＰＡＧ-ＭＴＩ的释药速率明显延缓，释放１ ｈ与２４ ｈ，累积释放百分比分别为１２．１９％和４７．５１％。结论：化学合成法制备的新型ＰＡＧ-ＭＴＩ具有较好的缓释作用，有望通过进一步优化改进以用于临床滴虫性生殖道炎症的治疗。

摘要:目的：研究转化生长因子-β１ｍＲＮＡ（ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ）在胃癌组织中的表达及其与淋巴结转移、术后生存率的关系。方法：用原位杂交法检测６６例胃癌切除标本中癌组织和１０例癌周组织ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ表达；结合临床资料分析ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ与胃癌患者术后生存率的关系。结果：胃癌患者中６６．６７％在术后５年内死亡。胃癌中ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ阳性表达率８６．３６％。ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ表达阴性或弱阳性者４７．５０％术后生存５年以上，５２．５０％５年内死亡，ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ表达呈中、强阳性者１１．５４％术后生存５年以上，８８．４６％５年内死亡（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。无淋巴结转移者ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ阳性表达率７５．００％，有淋巴结转移者ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ阳性表达率９７．０６％（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ高表达与胃癌的进展呈正相关。结论：ＴＧＦ-β１可促进胃癌生长，增加胃癌的侵袭能力和淋巴转移。提示对胃癌患者行ＴＧＦ-β１ｍＲＮＡ检测，可判断胃癌的进展和预后。

摘要:

摘要:目的：体外评价壳聚糖／肝素（Chi／Hep）共价包被先天性心脏病介入封堵材料的血液相容性。方法：实验分成血液对照组、未包被组、基础包被组（壳聚糖）、Ｃｈｉ／Ｈｅｐ包被组，其中按肝素浓度又分为低又分为低、中、高（0.1、１．０、１０．０ g／Ｌ）3个剂量组。Ｃｈｉ／Ｈｅｐ共价交联于试验用镍钛金属表面，通过血液溶血试验，观察红细胞细胞毒性；动态全人血接触试验检测各样本部分凝血活酶活化时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原、凝血酶时间（TT）、D－二聚体观察其抗血栓性能；扫描电子显微镜观察镍钛金属表面血小板黏附、聚集。结果：实验各组红细胞、白细胞、血小板计数均在正常范围内且组间未见明显差异，实验组溶血率均小于5％。Ｃｈｉ／Ｈｅｐ包被组APTT、PT、TT、均明显延长，其余各组两两比较未见明显差异，肝素浓度包被之间差异亦无显著性。扫描电镜显示，Ｃｈｉ／Ｈｅｐ包被组金属表面少量血小板黏附。结论：Ｃｈｉ／Ｈｅｐ包被先天性心脏病介入封堵材料有利于预防血栓形成，减少血栓形成风险。

摘要:目的：评价经导管介入封堵治疗动脉导管未闭（ＰＤＡ）的疗效和安全性。方法：对接受经导管介入封堵术的１７５例ＰＤＡ患者进行观察，行Ｘ线胸片， 经胸超声心动图检查评价患者术后即刻封堵结果、心功能变化及并发症发生情况。结果：１７５例随访时间为术后１～７７个月。封堵后即刻有９例（５．１４％）存在微量分流，３例（１．７１％）降主动脉或肺动脉血流增快。１个月随访时，未见残余分流。３例血流增快者在随访１～５年后血流降至正常。术后１周与术前相比心脏重塑明显改善，左房内径、左室收缩末内径、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末容积、左室舒张末容积、左室每博搏出量封堵前分别为（３１．６ ± ７．８）ｍｍ，（３３．０ ± ７．６）ｍｍ，（５１．６ ± １０．６）ｍｍ，（４０．３ ± １９．５）ｍｌ、（１１８．６ ± ３２．５）ｍｌ、（７７．７ ± ３８．１）ｍｌ；封堵后１周降分别为（２９．４ ± ６．６）ｍｍ，（３０．８ ± ６．７）ｍｍ，（４７．５ ± ９．２）ｍｍ、（３４．６ ± １９．０）ｍｌ、（８０．３ ± ２９．６）ｍｌ、（６４．５ ± ３１．１）ｍｌ（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。术后１个月与１周相比无明显变化。随访期间没有出现死亡病例或其他严重并发症。结论：应用介入封堵治疗ＰＤＡ能改善患者的心功能，中远期疗效确切，安全性好。

摘要:目的：对病态窦房结综合征（SSS）伴房室传导延迟的患者分别设置为AAI和DDD模式，通过定量组织速度成像技术（QTVI）对两种模式时各节段心肌的运动分析，探讨起搏模式对心功能的影响。方法：选择SSS伴Ⅰ度房室传导阻滞的患者24例，分别设置为AAI模式和AV间期优化的DDD起搏模式，运用QTVI比较这两种起搏模式下心肌节段收缩峰值速度（Vs），舒张早期速度（Ve），舒张晚期速度（Va）和位移（D）。结果：在左室多数基底段及右室游离壁基底段Vs和Ve在AAI模式时大于DDD模式时（P ＜ 0.05）；前间隔基底段Vs及下壁基底段的Ve在两种模式下尽管无统计学差异，但AAI模式较DDD模式有增大的趋势；基底段的Va在两种模式下差异无显著性（P ＞ 0.05）。左室心肌中段和右室游离壁心肌中段的Vs、Ve、Va及左室和右室游离壁基底段、中段的D在AAI模式和DDD模式间差异无显著性（P ＞ 0.05）。结论：①SSS伴房室传导延迟（PR ＞ 200 ms且 < 260 ms）患者AAI起搏模式下心脏的收缩和舒张功能均优于AV间期优化的DDD起搏模式；② QTVI可早期显示AAI和DDD起搏状态心肌运动状态的变化，有助于选择合适的起搏模式。

摘要:目的：评估心肌灌注成像、心肌活力及运动分析磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）在家猪心肌梗死存活心肌诊断中的实验和临床应用价值。方法：心肌梗死3天模型14例、3周模型12例及心肌梗死患者17例进行心脏磁共振（ＭＲ）检查。平衡梯度回波序列（BFFE）用于观察心肌运动，快速梯度回波序列（T1TFE）用于观察首过心肌灌注表现；反转恢复梯度回波序列用于观察延迟时相心肌活力表现。结果： 家猪心肌梗死3天、3周MR检查及患者可见心肌内的首过灌注缺损区，发现率为100．０％、92．０％和82.3％。心肌活力分析示，左心室心肌内存在不同范围的强化灶，发现率为7．０％、50．０％和88.2％。心肌运动减弱节段与强化节段基本一致。明显纤维化或瘢痕心肌表现为心肌变薄，并始终保持低信号。结论：通过综合分析延迟强化，运动能力显著降低和可能存在的首过灌注缺损，可以更有效地识别梗死或瘢痕心肌。

摘要:目的：探讨Ｋａｉ-１基因的缺失在结直肠癌演进与转移中的意义。方法：提取４０例结直肠癌患者的肿瘤组织（２４例无淋巴转移，１６例有淋巴转移），１５例癌旁正常组织的ＲＮＡ，ＲＴ-ＰＣＲ扩增，电泳检测，测序验证Ｋａｉ-１基因的缺失情况。结果：４０例组织标本中１８例出现Ｋａｉ-１基因ｅｘｏｎ ９缺失（１６例杂合缺失，２例纯合缺失），１５例癌旁正常组织中有２例出现Ｋａｉ-１基因ｅｘｏｎ ９缺失（２例杂合缺失）；在大肠癌组织中Ｋａｉ-１基因缺失频率显著高于在癌旁正常组织中（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）；在有淋巴转移的结直肠癌组织中，缺失的频率明显高于无淋巴转移的结直肠癌组织（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），在大肠癌中晚期（ＤｕｋｅｓＣ期）明显高于早期（ＤｕｋｅｓＡ-Ｂ期）（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），而Ｋａｉ-１基因的缺失频率与结直肠癌患者的年龄、性别、组织学类型以及分化程度无关 （Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）。结论：Ｋａｉ-１基因缺失可能与在大肠癌演进、转移有关，检测其缺失可作为判断大肠癌的演进与转移的客观临床指标。

摘要:目的：探讨改善微循环对周围神经嵌压性损害血管内皮细胞生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）表达和神经传导功能的影响。方法：制作坐骨神经嵌压性损害的动物模型，在不同时点采用免疫组化与行为医学、电生理学的方法检测内皮细胞生长因子水平与大鼠足趾间距、坐骨神经传导速度，并将各项检测结果进行对比分析。结果：① 嵌压大鼠坐骨神经后，１２ ｈ起各组背根神经节细胞ＶＥＧＦ表达开始增加，７２ ｈ达到高峰，与正常对照组比较，其余各组各时段背根神经节细胞ＶＥＧＦ表达水平均显著增加（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１／Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），前列地尔组和盐酸丁咯地尔组较模型组为优（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１／Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）、表达的数量增加、持续时间延长。②４周时，前列地尔组和盐酸丁咯地尔组第４周时大鼠足趾间距、坐骨神经传导速度虽较正常对照组差（Ｐ ＜ ０．０１／Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），但均较模型组为优（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。结论：周围神经嵌压性损害后神经受损，改善微循环可增加ＶＥＧＦ的表达并提高神经传导速度、减轻神经功能损害，因而对周围神经嵌压性损害的修复具有促进作用。

摘要:目的：体外比较不同浓度硫贲妥钠、咪唑安定对成年人Ｔｈ０细胞分化的影响。方法：采集２０例健康志愿者外周静脉血，进行全血和外周血单个核细胞（ＰＢＭＣｓ）培养。每一份血样均用于下列各组研究：①空白对照组（Ｃ组）；②不同浓度硫贲妥钠组［４ μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｔ１组）、２０ μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｔ２组）和４０ μｇ／ｍｌ（Ｔ３组）］；③不同浓度咪唑安定组［５０ ｎｇ／ｍｌ（Ｍ１组）、１５０ ｎｇ／ｍｌ（Ｍ２组）和５００ ｎｇ／ｍｌ（Ｍ３组）］。培养的全血和ＰＢＭＣｓ均用相应浓度药物预先作用２４ ｈ，然后加入相应的刺激剂。刺激后检测胞内细胞因子（ＩＦＮ-γ＋／ＩＬ-４＋）和细胞膜表面趋化因子受体（ＣＣＲ５＋／ＣＣＲ３＋）含量评估Ｔｈ０细胞的分化情况。结果：分别与Ｃ组和Ｔ１组相比较，Ｔ２、Ｔ３组的Ｔｈ１细胞亚群比例均明显降低（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）；与Ｔ１组相比较，Ｔ３组的Ｔｈ２细胞亚群比例明显降低（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。咪唑安定各组Ｔｈ１、Ｔｈ２细胞亚群的比例无显著改变。结论：硫贲妥钠对Ｔｈ１细胞分化有明显抑制作用，使Ｔｈ０细胞向Ｔｈ２方向分化；咪唑安定对Ｔｈ０细胞分化无明显影响。

摘要:目的：观察预先注射雷米芬太尼对丙泊酚乳剂注射痛的缓解作用。方法：采用随机对照双盲法，选取１５０例接受全麻的择期外科手术患者，随机分３组：雷米芬太尼５０ -滋ｇ组（Ⅰ组）、利多卡因４０ ｍｇ组（Ⅱ组）、生理盐水组（Ⅲ组）。各组患者预先静脉注入试验药物，３０ ｓ后注入异丙酚（２ ｍｇ／ｋｇ）。观察询问各组患者的疼痛分级及不适反应，并记录用药前后的血压、心率变化。结果：Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组较Ⅲ组疼痛程度及注射痛发生率明显降低（分别为１６％、２４％、８６％，Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），各组用药前后血压及心率无显著变化（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）。结论：预注雷米芬太尼能显著缓解丙泊酚注射痛。

摘要:目的：总结卵巢过度刺激综合征（ｏｖａｒｉａｎ ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ，ＯＨＳＳ）的临床表现和治疗对策。方法：回顾分析７０例ＯＨＳＳ临床资料。结果： ＯＨＳＳ绝大多数发生在促排卵治疗后，临床表现主要为腹胀、恶心、腹水、水肿、尿少、血液浓缩、低蛋白血症。经严密监护、输白蛋白或血浆、扩容及放腹水等对症治疗后治愈。结论：在促排卵药物的应用过程中，应注意预防ＯＨＳＳ的发生，对中、重度ＯＨＳＳ患者应住院严密监护治疗。

摘要:目的：研究白内障超声乳化术后早期的角膜水肿和角膜内皮细胞丢失情况的相关性。方法：３９３例（４２８眼）白内障超声乳化术后患者，术前均采用Ｏｒｂｓｃａｎ Ⅱ和 Ａ超仪测量角膜中央厚度，非接触角膜内皮计进行角膜中央部位的角膜内皮细胞计数；术后１天测量角膜中央厚度，１６２眼角膜透明进行中央角膜内皮细胞计数；术后３个月进行角膜中央厚度的测量和角膜中央内皮细胞的计数。用ｔ检验和重复测量方差分析对数据进行比较，并且对术后３个月的角膜内皮细胞丢失率进行多元线性逐步回归分析。结果：本组病例（４２８眼）超声乳化术后３个月角膜内皮细胞丢失率为１．５６％～５９．３０％，平均（１８．３４±１１．６３）％；各变量中超乳时间、晶体核分级、两种方法测量的术后第１天角膜厚度增加率与其呈显著性相关（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。结论：白内障超声乳化术后早期的角膜水肿和角膜内皮细胞丢失呈显著性相关，术后第１天的角膜厚度的测量可以作为对术后角膜内皮细胞丢失情况的评估的有效的方法。

摘要:目的：研究血浆雌二醇（Ｅ２）和睾酮（Ｔ）在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（ＨＩＥ）发病过程中的变化，探讨二者与ＨＩＥ发生和发展的关系，为临床诊断和治疗ＨＩＥ提供指导。方法：采用电化学发光仪测定５７例ＨＩＥ急性期、恢复期和３０例对照组患儿血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ水平，并根据新生儿行为神经测定（ＮＢＮＡ）协助判定预后，并对所有数据进行统计学处理。结果：急性期中、重度ＨＩＥ患儿与轻度和对照组比较，血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ明显升高（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），恢复期中、重度ＨＩＥ患儿与轻度和对照组比较，血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ水平明显降低（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５）。中、重度ＨＩＥ患儿急性期与恢复期比较，血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ明显升高（Ｐ ＜ ０．０５），而轻度和对照组急性期与恢复期比较差异无统计学意义（Ｐ ＞ ０．０５）。不同程度ＨＩＥ患儿恢复期的血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ变化与ＮＢＮＡ评分相一致。结论：Ｅ２、Ｔ参加了新生儿ＨＩＥ的发生和发展过程，急性期及恢复期的血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ水平与ＨＩＥ病情程度密切相关，恢复期的血浆Ｅ２、Ｔ水平为ＨＩＥ的预后和治疗提供指导。

摘要:目的：探讨足月儿３８２例脑性瘫痪的病因与诊断，以利防治。方法：对经确诊的足月儿脑性瘫痪３８２例（甲组），另选同期正常足月儿３０例为对照（乙组）。分析其病因、早期临床表现及头颅ＣＴ征像，进行体格及神经系统检查并智力测定。结果：①甲组：病因：异常分娩史１６０例（４１．９％）；既往史以出生时窒息、高未结合胆红素血症、感染、肺部疾病为主；②临床症状：早期临床多以不停啼哭，吮奶困难，护理困难，肌张力异常，反射、姿势异常； ③发育情况：甲组发育明显落后于乙组，Ｐ值均 ＜ ０．０１。甲组ＣＴ异常率为８９．８％，乙组ＣＴ检查无异常。结论：当患儿具有高危因素、异常临床表现与神经系统症状、体征及发育明显落后，应结合头颅ＣＴ密切随访，可早期诊断脑性瘫痪及早干预。

摘要:目的：通过汤山温泉水浸泡治疗足癣的临床疗效观察，进一步探讨、拓宽汤山温泉的医用价值。方法：采用温泉水浸泡治疗足癣６９例，根据其皮肤病学临床分型，分别进行临床疗效观察。结果：浸润糜烂型患者温泉水浸泡后临床观察均示显效与有效。水疱型患者穿刺后浸泡效果明显高于未行水泡穿刺者。鳞屑角化型患者温泉水浸泡多示有效改变。结论：汤山温泉水浸泡治疗足癣，经临床观察，证实有确切的疗效。

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摘要:目的：研究零过多计数资料的分布拟合方法并应用于急性上呼吸道感染调查资料。方法： 将数据分为两部分，一部分为零部分，另一部分为Poisson分布部分，然后通过转换，形成条件零堆积模型（ZTP），运用logit和log两种连接函数进行拟合。结果：在ZTP部分表示，低年龄和住在低层的发病次数多；logit部分显示年龄小、有锻炼习惯者、健康状况差和有慢性呼吸系统疾病史的人易发病。 结论：转换后的零过多模型可以更好地对影响因素进行解释。

摘要:目的：了解经常在浴室活动的男男性接触人群（ＭＳＭｓ）ＨＩＶ／梅毒相关知识、态度、行为及其感染状况，为制定有效的防治措施提供信息和依据。方法：在某ＭＳＭｓ聚集的浴室对目标人群进行匿名问卷调查，并采集静脉血进行ＨＩＶ／梅毒检测。结果：该人群艾滋病知识总知晓率为７５．３％。只有２１．６％的男男性接触者（ＭＳＭ）在每次肛交时坚持使用安全套，而从未使用、有时使用安全套者占７８．４％。近３个月与异性发生过阴道交行为的ＭＳＭ有１１７人，仅１９．７％每次使用安全套。ＨＩＶ阳性率为４．７％，ＴＰＰＡ阳性率为３９．９％，ＲＰＲ阳性率为２７．０％。年龄、近３个月性伴数、婚姻状况、文化程度、安全套使用情况、籍贯等因素与ＨＩＶ／梅毒感染率之间无统计学联系。结论：经常出入浴室的ＭＳＭｓ中高危性行为普遍存在，ＨＩＶ／梅毒感染率高，应尽快采取针对性的行为干预措施。

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