摘要:目的:探讨XRCC1基因多态性与江苏人群宫颈癌易感性之间的关系-方法:采用基于医院的分子流行病学病例对照研究方法,选取436例经组织病理学确诊为宫颈癌的新发患者作为病例组和503例年龄(± 5岁)-性别相匹配的非肿瘤者作为对照组;采用聚合酶链反应限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法对XRCC1启动子区-77T > C和外显子10区的Arg399Glu基因多态性进行基因分型,比较不同基因型携带者患宫颈癌的危险性;通过分层分析探讨初潮年龄-患者年龄及产次对罹患宫颈癌的影响-结果:与XRCC1-77TT相比,-77TC/CC基因型可减少罹患宫颈癌的危险性(OR=0.64,95%CI=0.48~0.86)-携带3~4个危险等位基因者比携带1~2个等位基因者患宫颈癌的危险性更大(OR=1.44,95%CI=1.01~2.04)-分层分析结果显示,年龄较大和产次较多且携带3~4个危险等位基因者罹患宫颈癌的危险性分别增加1.64倍(95%CI=1.02~2.64) 和1.66倍(95%CI=1.01~2.72)-本研究未发现XRCC1Arg399Glu多态性与宫颈癌之间存在显著性相关-结论:XRCC1基因启动子-77T > C多态性显著降低江苏地区汉族人群罹患宫颈癌的危险性-

摘要:美国金融危机从表象来看,是从“所有权社会”的“美国梦”开始的,从而引起了次贷危机,引爆了华尔街的金融风暴;但究其深层原因,却是由资本主义自由市场经济的过渡投机-欺诈与贪婪,致使整个世界经济都被拖入到这场危机之中,有可能发酵而成为一场资本主义经济危机-

摘要:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Even with the applications of excision, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and gene therapy, the 5 year survival rate is only 15% in the USA. Clinically relevant laboratory animal models of the disease could greatly facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis of lung cancer, its progression, invasion and metastasis. Transplanted lung cancer models are of special interest and are widely used today. Such models are essential tools in accelerating development of new therapies for lung cancer. In this communication we will present a brief overview of the hosts, sites and pathways used to establish transplanted animal lung tumor models.

摘要:大学生网络成瘾是近年来国内外的热门研究话题,本文对网络成瘾的定义-概念-诊断标准-形成机制以及治疗手段作了综述;分析对比了各主流学说的观点,并提出大学生网络成瘾的新特点-

摘要:The rising incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in the world has led to continued interest in its precursor lesion, Barrett's esophagus (BE). This review endeavors to summarize the recent advances in the therapy of BE with an emphasis on novel endoscopic therapies.

摘要:目的:研究B7-1基因转染胃癌细胞对人胃癌生长和转移的影响-方法:将重组质粒B7-1pcDNA3.1(+)和空载体pcDNA3.1(+)分别转染SGC-7901细胞(简称S),用G418筛选分别建立稳定转染细胞株SGC-7901/B7-1pcDNA3.1(+)(简称S-B)和SGC-7901/pcDNA3.1(+)(简称S-P)-RT-PCR和流式细胞术分别从mRNA和蛋白水平检测B7-1基因表达,检测细胞周期分布,计算细胞增殖指数-分离人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),分别与S-B-S-P-S共培养,检测PBMC黏附力和杀伤力,检测胃癌细胞凋亡情况-将S-B-S-P-S分别接种于BALB/c裸鼠胃大弯侧,观察B7-1基因转染对胃癌生长及淋巴转移的影响-结果:S-B高表达B7-1基因,S-P和S不表达B7-1基因-S-B-S-P-S增殖指数无显著差异-S-B与PBMC黏附力和杀伤力均明显高于S-P和S,而S-P与S无显著差异-种植S-B小鼠成瘤率和转移率均低于S-P和S,HE染色见淋巴细胞广泛浸润于S-B种植形成肿瘤组织及转移淋巴结-结论:B7-1基因提高胃癌细胞免疫原性抑制胃癌生长和淋巴转移-

摘要:“丈夫拒绝签字,产妇母子双亡”事件,在目前引发的社会争论中,可以看出多方面的问题,但其焦点问题仍然在法律层面-正确认识患者知情同意权,完善相关法律制度与相关规范是杜绝此类事件的根本-

摘要:To investigate the effects of CD137 signaling on the regulation of CD3-CD56+NK cells function. Methods: CD3-CD56+NK cells were treated with CD137 mAb or mouse IgG1 isotype control to study the effects of CD137 signaling on the function of CD3-CD56+NK cells. Cytotoxicity was measured by LDH activity in the supernatants of cell cultures; NKG2D and LFA-1 expression on CD3-CD56+NK cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results: CD137 was expressed on activated CD3-CD56+NK cells. The CD137 mAb enhanced the ability of CD3-CD56+NK cells to kill lung cancer cells(A549)；Further studies revealed that the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1 was significantly increased in activated cells, and blockade of NKG2D and LFA-1 dramatically attenuated CD3-CD56+NK cytolysis of A549 cancer cells. Conclusion: CD137 signaling increases the ability of CD3-CD56+NK cells to kill cancer cells via up-regulating the expression of NKG2D and LFA-1.

摘要:文章针对目前的医疗纠纷处理中法律相互冲突,存在多系统-多层次-各自为政的鉴定体制等问题进行原因分析,建议构建我国统一的医疗损害赔偿责任鉴定体制,为民事审判提供服务,有利于医疗纠纷的处理-

摘要:目的:针对β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)基因的不同部位,构建靶向β-catenin的shRNA真核表达质粒,鉴定并筛选出最佳抑制效率的表达质粒-方法:针对β-catenin基因的不同部位设计3对短发卡RNA(shRNA)的寡核苷酸片段,克隆到真核表达载体pGPU6中,构建靶向β-catenin的shRNA真核表达质粒pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA-1-2-3-利用脂质体转染人胃癌细胞株AGS,Western blot法检测并筛选最佳抑制效率的shRNA表达质粒-结果:3个靶向β-catenin的shRNA真核表达质粒pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA-1-2-3经限制性酶切和测序确实基因插入正确,Western blot法证实pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA-3明显降低细胞内β-catenin蛋白的表达-结论:成功构建了靶向β-catenin的shRNA真核表达质粒pGPU6-β-catenin-shRNA -1-2-3,并筛选出最佳抑制效率的表达质粒,为进一步研究Wnt/β-catenin信号通路在胃癌中的作用奠定了基础-

摘要:文章诠释了富含人性之美的医学人文新视界,即“整体观-多元观与和谐(自主)观”;提出后现代的“生物-心理-社会-精神”医疗模式;立论了尊重患者的自主决策权是医事法和医学伦理学尊贵的价值核心-最后,以此视角解释了耶和华见证者不接受救命之输血的自主决策权应该得到尊重-

摘要:Objective:To investigate the effect of Rapamycin on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of LoVo colonic adenocarcinoma cells in vitro. Methods:Cultured LoVo colonic adenocarcinoma cells were divided into three groups: negative control group, EMT-inducing group (TGF-β1) and EMT-interfering group (TGF-β1 plus Rapamycin). E-cadherin expression in LoVo cells was detected by Western Blot, while the expression of vimentin was evaluated through immunocytochemistry. The Snail mRNA in LoVo cells was examined by RT-PCR. Results: TGF-β1 induced LoVo cell switching from polygonal to spindle-shaped. TGF-β1 enhanced the expression of vimentin, but lowered the level of E-cadherin. In contrast, Rapamycin impaired the transition induced by TGF-β1. Rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-β1-induced vimentin expression and restored E-cadherin expression in LoVo cells. Rapamycin significantly repressed the up-regulation of Snail mRNA expression induced by TGF-β1. Conclusion: Rapamycin dramatically abrogated TGF-β1 induced Snail mRNA expression in LoVo cells, hence inhibiting the EMT of these cells in vitro.

摘要:目的:应用基因芯片技术进行喉鳞状上皮细胞癌相关基因表达谱差异分析,筛选喉鳞状上皮细胞癌相关基因-方法:从4例喉鳞状上皮细胞癌中相同患者体内取喉鳞状细胞癌组织和癌旁正常组织,应用含有人类全基因组的基因芯片进行分析-结果:在4例喉鳞状上皮细胞癌中共同基因表达显著差异的有349条 ,其中112条表达上调,237条表达下调-结论:基因芯片能提供大量喉癌相关基因表达谱的信息,分析这些差异表达的基因能够阐明喉鳞状上皮细胞癌复杂的生物学特性与基因表达之间的内在联系,并识别肿瘤的标记物,为进一步研究喉鳞状上皮细胞癌发生-发展相关基因打下基础-

摘要:Objective: To determine epidemiologic features of an Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreak occurred in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China in 1999, and assess the incidence of E. coli O157:H7 in diarrhea patients and host animals and its relationship with disease onset, and provide a scientific basis for establishing prevention and control strategies. Methods: Epidemiological, microbiological, and molecular methods were performed to identify risk factors and describe the ecology of E. coli O157:H7 in the environment. Results: From May to September, in 1999, 99 cases of E. coli O157:H7 infection were confirmed. Fifty-six patients were enrolled in the case-control study. Bad personal health habits and poor sanitary conditions in the kitchen were associated with increased risks of infection, whereas hand washing was protective. The household survey indicated that residents in the epidemic region during the outbreak had higher than expected rates of diarrhea. The total E. coli O157:H7 carrier rate in the livestock was 12.36% (22/178), specifically 19.15% in cattle, 12.50% in goat, and 11.11% in swine. Numerical analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles divided strains into two clusters with 77.5% homology. One cluster contained 11 strains isolated from diarrheal patients, foods, and animals. The other cluster comprised 10 strains from patients and environment. Conclusions: In a large outbreak of E. coli O157:H7 infection among predominantly elderly residents in Xuzhou, high rates of carriage of E. coli O157: H7 among host animals most likely resulted in contamination of the environment, thereby leading to the outbreak. Effective and preventive control measures should be taken to avoid contamination, including environmental and family health improvement, good personal hygiene, and safe food handling practices.

摘要:建立和完善新型农村合作医疗制度是我国社会主义新农村建设的重要任务之一,也是构建社会主义和谐社会的应有之义-本文从新型农村合作医疗制度的立法必要性和可能性进行分析,提出了新型农村合作医疗制度的立法路径选择,应当建立一个多层次-多类型-统一的法律体系-

摘要:目的:构建流感病毒FM1非结构蛋白NS1全长基因表达载体在大肠杆菌(E.coli)中表达,并将表达蛋白用于病毒感染和疫苗免疫小鼠的血清检测-方法:提取流感病毒鸡胚尿囊液RNA,RT-PCR扩增NS1全长基因,克隆到pET28a,转化E.coli BL21感受态细胞,经酶切鉴定及序列分析,筛选出阳性重组质粒pET28-NS1-异丙基硫代-β-D-半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达融合蛋白,表达蛋白在变性条件下经镍柱亲和层析纯化,并用Western blot法检测其抗原活性-以纯化的NS1蛋白为抗原建立了检测NS1抗体的ELISA(NS1-ELISA)方法分别对7-15和30天灭活疫苗免疫和病毒感染小鼠血清进行检测-统计分析各组吸光度(A)差异,并以灵敏度-特异度-阳性预测值-阴性预测值等指标对NS1-ELISA进行方法学评价-结果:重组质粒经PCR 及酶切鉴定为阳性, 核酸序列分析正确-SDS-PAGE 和Western blot 结果显示表达重组蛋白分子质量约为26 ku-NS1-ELISA法在第15~30天,感染组血清吸光度明显高于疫苗免疫组-结论:成功获得了NS1重组基因表达蛋白,建立的NS1-ELISA法可用于病毒感染和疫苗免疫血清的鉴别检测-

摘要:Objective: To evaluate the effects of polymorphisms in TLR7 and TLR8 (as potential candidate genes) on asthma risk and asthma-related phenotypes.Methods: We consecutively recruited 318 unrelated adult asthmatic patients and 352 healthy volunteers from the same area of southeast China. Genotyping of each selected SNP was performed using multiplex PCR in conjunction with tagged array single base extension technology. We conducted case-control and case-only association studies between the selected SNPs in TLR7 and TLR8 and asthma or asthma-related phenotypes.Results: The T allele of rs5935436 SNP in TLR7 was protective from developing asthma in males (adjusted ORs = 0.126, 95% CIs = 0.016-0.995). The CT/TT genotype of rs5935436 was less frequent in female asthmatics with allergic rhinitis (adjusted ORs = 0.18, 95% CIs = 0.04-0.90). The homozygote AA of rs3761623 and GG of rs3764880 were positively associated with lower FEV1% and asthma severity in female asthmatics. These results were confirmed by haplotype analysis.Conclusion: TLR7 and TLR8 polymorphisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma that is gender-dependent. This could be clinically useful, both for identifying patients at risk of asthma and for preventing its occurrence.

摘要:目的:分析社区卫生服务经济补偿现状及存在的主要问题,提出相应的政策建议-方法:对南京市社区卫生服务的相关指标进行分析-结果:政府对社区卫生服务的投入不足,存在严重的“以药补医”现象,卫生资源利用效率不高,公共卫生服务的积极性不高等-结论:社区卫生服务应该坚持政府为主导,坚持公平与效率相结合,完善对公共卫生服务的补偿额度,完善药品流通供应体系-

摘要:目的:研究内皮细胞特异分子-1(endothelial cell specific-1,endocan)-血管内皮细胞生长因子受体(KDR/FLK-1)在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及其临床意义,同时探讨endocan-FLK-1与非小细胞肺癌血管生成的相关性-方法:应用免疫荧光技术检测60例手术切除的肺癌组织-21例癌旁肺组织(距癌组织5 cm以上)中的endocan表达水平;免疫组化SP法检测FLK-1表达, 并计数微血管密度(MVD)-结果:endocan-FLK-1的表达在NSCLC组织中明显高于癌旁组织(P均 < 0.05);endocan-FLK-1的表达与NSCLC的淋巴结转移-TNM分期正相关(P均 < 0.05),而与NSCLC的组织学分类无关(P均 > 0.05);在NSCLC中MVD-endocan-FLK-1阳性表达组明显高于二者阴性表达组(P均 < 0.05);endocan-FLK-1在NSCLC中的表达呈正相关(r = 0.888 9,P < 0.05)-结论:endocan-FLK-1在NSCLC组织的血管发生-进展等病理过程有重要作用-

摘要:文章通过对农民工健康状况-医疗保障享有现状及农民工医保中存在的诸多问题的研究,探索保障农民工健康-满足农民工的医保需求-完善农民工医疗保障制度的策略,最终实现全社会和谐医保-

摘要:医疗机构“管办分离”是一项积极的改革尝试,文章介绍了医疗机构“管办分离”的具体实践情况,并运用经济法相关知识对其进行分析,最后提出了一些思考和建议-

摘要:目的:探讨高浓度葡萄糖刺激下糖皮质激素对大动脉内皮细胞11β羟基类固醇脱氢酶(11β-HSD)基因表达的影响-方法:将猪髂动脉内皮细胞培养于高糖(30 mmol/L)中,分别加入不同浓度糖皮质激素刺激,用RT-PCR法检测11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2 mRNA表达情况, Western-blot方法检测11β-HSD1,11β-HSD2蛋白表达情况-结果:正常对照组中,仅有少量的11β-HSD1 mRNA及蛋白表达,高糖状态下,11β-HSD1 mRNA和蛋白表达升高,且随着可的松浓度的增加而增加(P < 0.05);高糖状态下,11β-HSD2 mRNA和蛋白表达无明显变化-结论:糖皮质激素使高糖培养下的动脉内皮细胞11β-HSD1表达增加,可能与糖尿病血管病变的发生发展有关-

摘要:Objective: To explore the relationships between the daily total intake of fluoride, dental fluorosis and dental caries. Methods: An epidemiological method was used to investigate the daily total intake of fluoride, dental fluorosis, and dental caries among 236 and 290 children aged 8-13 years in a severe endemic area and in a non-fluorosis control area, respectively. The children were divided into eight subgroups according to each child’s estimated daily total intake of fluoride. The prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries in each group was calculated. Results: As expected, elevated levels of fluoride intake were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of dental fluorosis and an increasing amount of more severe defect dental fluorosis. When the daily total F intake was 2.78 mg/child/day, the prevalence of dental fluorosis was nearly 100%, with the prevalence of defect dental fluorosis increasing with increasing fluoride intake. There was also a significant negative (inverse) dose-response relationship between the daily total intake of fluoride and the overall prevalence of dental caries, the prevalence of which decreased when the daily total intake of fluoride increased up to 3.32 mg/child/day. However, at higher levels of daily total intake of fluoride the prevalence of dental caries increased, giving rise to a U-shaped dose-response relationship curve. Conclusion: It is important to monitor total fluoride exposure and protect children from excessive fluoride intake, especially during the years of tooth development.

摘要:目的:探讨目前医疗保险制度对城镇老年患者住院费用的影响,为建立合理的费用支付机制提供依据-方法:对2008年1~4月住院的老年患者的医疗费用进行分析,观察其费用构成比例-结果:老年患者医疗费用负担较重,尤其是非医保患者,而高龄患者与其他老年患者相比医疗服务的可及性下降-结论:建立老年医疗援助制度,缓解老年人的就医费用负担-

摘要:目的:研究依达拉奉对急性脑缺血大鼠脑自由基水平变化和脑源性神经生长因子(BDNF)表达的影响,并探讨其可能机制-方法:采用线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉缺血-再灌注模型,分为假手术组-生理盐水对照组和依达拉奉组-每组分为6-12-24-48 h 4个亚组-检测各组脑组织不同时间点丙二醛(MDA)-过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)含量,用RT-PCR和Western-blot检测皮层BDNF mRNA和蛋白质表达变化-结果:依达拉奉干预组显著降低MDA含量(P < 0.01),增加SOD活性(P < 0.05),与对照组比较有统计学差异-依达拉奉组BDNF mRNA表达水平明显高于对照组,表达时相延长-BDNF蛋白表达亦较对照组明显增加-结论:依达拉奉能显著降低MDA含量,增加SOD水平,具有明显的清除自由基作用,并能显著增加缺血再灌注后脑皮层BDNF的表达,推测依达拉奉还具有清除自由基以外的脑保护作用-

摘要:目的:探索超声波联合曲拉通X-100制备猪升主动脉去细胞支架的方法及效果-方法:从体重相近的中华实验猪制备新鲜主动脉标本150份,随机分为5组:空白对照组-超声波(90 kW)联合曲拉通X-100组-超声波(135 kW)联合曲拉通X-100组-超声波(180 kW)联合曲拉通X-100组和曲拉通X-100组,通过组织学及电镜观察-生物力学性能测定-免疫组织化学法检测层黏连蛋白和纤维连接蛋白的蛋白表达变化等方法,分析比较各组去细胞的效果-结果:超声波联合曲拉通X-100组可完全去除动脉内膜细胞,组织形态-生物力学性能等保持良好,层黏连蛋白和纤维连接蛋白的保存明显优于传统的化学去细胞方法-结论:超声波联合曲拉通X-100组去细胞效果优于传统化学去污剂,是理想的制备猪动脉去细胞支架的方法-

摘要:医保患者医疗费用的不断增长已引起广泛关注,医院是提供医疗服务的主体,是医保基金的主要使用者-通过分析费用增长原因,正确看待合理性增长,从严控制不合理性增长,符合维护患者利益并能促进医院-医疗保险事业健康发展-

摘要:Objective:Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common birth defect with unclear etiology. Both genetic and environmental factors may contribute to NSCL/P. Many genes have been identified as candidate genes associated with this disease. Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene and transforming growth factor-a (TGFA) gene seem to be crucial in the predisposition of NSCL/P. Here we evaluated some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci of TGFA and IRF6 genes in Chinese nuclear families consisting of fathers, mothers and affected offspring with NSCL/P.Methods:Fifty patients of NSCL/P were confirmed by the plastic surgeons. They and their parents were included in the study, all with the informed consents. SNPs loci of TGFA and IRF6 genes were analyzed by microarray technology. Some PCR products were randomly chosen and sequenced to check microarray results. The distribution of gene type and allele frequency between patient group and parents group were compared. Then a Haplotype Relative Risk (HRR) and Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT) were performed. Results:The sequences of randomly selected PCR products were all consistent with the microarray results. All loci were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were no significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between patients and their parents. Using HRR and TDT analyses the V274I of IRF6 was associated with NSCL/P, while another SNP locus of IRF6 was not. Strong evidence of linkage disequilibrium was found between the 2 SNP loci of TGFA and disease with the HRR analysis, but not with the TDT analysis.Conclusion:Our study confirms the contribution of IRF6 in the etiology of NSCL/P in populations of Asian ancestry. The association of TGFA with NSCL/P requires further research.

摘要:目的:了解手术科室医生在职业应激情况下,心理健康状况与不同应对方式间的相关性-方法:应用症状自评量表SCL-90和应付方式问卷,对无锡市162名不同医院-不同手术科室的医生的心理健康和应付方式进行调查-结果:根据SCL-90使用的标准,本次研究中,有不同程度的心理问题人数为54人,阳性率达到33.3%(其中男性37人,女性17人);外科医生SCL-90的总水平,各因子(除躯体化因子外)与混合型和不成熟型应付方式呈正相关,差异具有非常显著性(P <0.01)-结论:外科医生的心理健康状况与不同的应付方式相关

摘要:目的:观察钙敏感受体(CaSR)在乳鼠心肌细胞缺氧复氧损伤模型中对细胞凋亡的影响-方法:利用原代培养的SD乳鼠心肌细胞建立缺氧复氧损伤(H/R)模型,分正常对照组-缺氧复氧组-激动剂组-阻断剂组-肝细胞生长因子(HGF)小(10 ng/ml)-中(20 ng/ml)和大剂量(40 ng/ml)组-运用TUNEL染色方法检测心肌细胞凋亡率,RT-PCR检测心肌细胞肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)的表达,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试剂盒测定培养液LDH含量-结果:与对照组相比,H/R组细胞凋亡率-LDH和TNF-α表达增高(P < 0.01),给予CaSR激动剂后这三者的表达均进一步升高(P < 0.01),而给予阻断剂后这三者的表达与激动剂组相比,差别无统计学意义(P > 0.05),而HGF小-中和大剂量组这三者的表达较阻断剂组进一步下降,且呈剂量依赖性-结论:CaSR激活后可能通过引起细胞内钙超载-自由基产生增多-TNF--琢等炎性因子合成增多,参与了心肌缺血再灌注损伤,促进心肌细胞凋亡-而HGF预处理可以明显降低缺血再灌注心肌细胞的凋亡,减轻缺氧复氧心肌细胞损伤,保护心肌,且呈量效关系-

摘要:学长辅导计划是近年来高校学生管理部门-学生思政工作者共同探索-推出的大学生教育管理的有效模式-本文探讨了学长辅导计划的由来和意义,通过有目的地遴选培训一批高年级优秀学长,发挥学长对低年级学生的“传-帮-带”作用,鼓励学长们主动积极地去辅导低年级学生,帮助他们更快适应大学生活,顺利完成高中到大学的转变,融入到大学生活中去,使学校的教育管理模式得以创新,从而落实学长辅导制度,凸显辅导成效-

摘要:Objective:To investigate the effects of simvastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, on adiponectin and markers of endothelial function in apolipoprotein E -deficient mice at an early stage of atherosclerosis.Methods: Twenty-four 6-week old male apoE-deficient mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group (normal saline) and treatment group (simvastatin (5 mg/(kg·d)). Simvastatin was administered to treatment group mice by gavage and the same volume of normal saline was administered to control group mice by the same method for 4 weeks. Total cholesterol (TC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by biochemical analysis, and adiponectin was measured by an ABC-ELISA method. Results : There was no significant difference in serum TC between control and treatment groups. Compared with the control animals, simvastatin-treated animals exhibited a significant increase in serum levels of adponectin, SOD and NO, and decrease in serum MDA (P <0.01).Conclusion: Simvastatin protects endothelial function by increasing serum adiponectin, which may increase serum SOD and NO, and decrease serum MDA. This study suggests that simvastatin has therapeutic advantages, unrelated to its cholesterol-lowering effect, that are mediated by adiponectin.

摘要:Objective: Interleukin-8 (IL-8) represents the prototypical chemokine that is made by a wide variety of cell types. Previously studies have suggested that angiotensin II (Ang II) is involved in atherogenesis through induction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 or monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), while the role of Ang II on IL-8 expression in VSMCs is poorly studied. Methods: In this study, VSMCs were isolated from the thoracic aorta of Sprague-Dawley rats. The expression of smooth muscle α-actin was confirmed by an immunocytochemical method. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analyses were conducted to detect IL-8 expression. Results: In the present study we found that Ang II significantly increased the expression of IL-8 both at the mRNA and protein levels in rat VSMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Conclusion: These findings suggested that Ang II may participate in atherosclerosis through induction of inflammatory mediator in VSMCs.

摘要:随着高校聘任制改革的不断推进,高校教职工年度考核工作在人事管理工作中的重要性更加突出-分析目前高校教职工年度考核工作的现状-找准存在问题并寻求相应的对策,建立现时期符合高校自身特点的科学的考核制度对于深化高校人事制度改革很有必要-

摘要:目的:观察咪喹莫特对哮喘小鼠气道反应性,气道重塑和肺组织血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响-方法:30只小鼠按随机数字表法分成3组,每组10只-正常对照组-哮喘组-咪喹莫特组-小鼠于第0-14天以鸡卵白蛋白(OVA)致敏,第24天开始雾化吸入1%OVA激发并持续28天,建立哮喘气道重塑模型,咪喹莫特组在吸入OVA前2 h雾化吸入咪喹莫特30 min-于最后一次雾化结束后24 h,利用肺功能仪测小鼠气道阻力;收集支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)进行细胞计数及分类;对肺组织切片行HE染色观察病理学改变;运用医学图像分析软件测定肺组织切片中的血管计数-血管壁平滑肌厚度-血管壁平滑肌细胞计数;用免疫组化方法检测肺组织VEGF的蛋白表达水平;用RT-PCR检测肺组织VEGF mRNA表达水平-结果:哮喘组小鼠呼气阻力(Re)高于对照组(P < 0.05),咪喹莫特组Re低于哮喘组(P < 0.05);哮喘组BALF中细胞总数及各种炎症细胞数均较对照组升高(P < 0.05),咪喹莫特组较哮喘组降低(P < 0.05);哮喘组血管计数-血管壁平滑肌细胞计数较对照组增高,差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05),咪喹莫特组血管计数较哮喘组下降,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05);对照组VEGF蛋白和mRNA在气道不表达或轻度表达,哮喘组VEGF蛋白和mRNA表达较对照组增加,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),咪喹莫特组能减少VEGF蛋白和mRNA的表达, 与哮喘组比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),但较对照组仍增加,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)-结论:早期预防性雾化吸入咪喹莫特通过部分抑制哮喘肺组织VEGF蛋白和mRNA 的过度表达,阻止慢性哮喘小鼠的血管生成,可在一定程度上减轻哮喘小鼠的气道重塑和气道高反应性-

摘要:大学生社会责任感的培养是高校政治思想工作的重要内容-本文用模糊评价法来定量比较大学生大学四个阶段的社会责任感水平,描述大学阶段社会责任感发展曲线,为培养大学生提高社会责任感的方法和针对性提供依据-

摘要:Objective: Throughout the world, fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the most severe complications occurring during pregnancy. It is subsequently associated with neurologic abnormalities in chldren. Our aim was to investigate the spatial learning and memory ability of rat offspring born with FGR. Methods: A rat model of FGR was constructed using the method of passive smoking. Spatial learning and memory were studied in rat offspring born with FGR by assessing the animals’ performance using the Morris water maze task. Results: At 1- and 2- months of age, both female and male offspring rats showed impairment of performance, while at 4 months of age, only female rats showed impaired performance. The FGR offspring spent a longer time swimming and used inefficient strategies (p<0.05, respectively). However, there were no significant maze performance FGR effects in the 4 month old male rats. In all groups of FGR offspring, irrespective of age or sex, the time spent in the platform quadrant by the rat was significantly less than that in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The Morris water maze performance decreased in rat offspring born with FGR. It is suggested that FGR can cause impairments of spatial learning and memory in young animals.

摘要:目的:探讨核因子T-bet/GATA-3在支气管哮喘小鼠发病机制中的作用,观察地塞米松干预后T-bet-GATA-3 mRNA的变化-方法:建立卵清蛋白(OVA)诱导的哮喘小鼠模型;24只BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常组-哮喘组及地塞米松治疗组,地塞米松腹腔注射(2 mg/kg)给药-HE染色观察气道炎症变化;采用RT-PCR方法检测T-bet-GATA-3 mRNA的表达;流式细胞技术检测小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞IFN-γ-IL-4水平-结果:与正常组相比,哮喘组小鼠GATA-3 mRNA表达显著增加(P < 0.05),T-bet mRNA水平明显降低(P < 0.05),IFN-γ水平明显降低(P < 0.01),IL-4水平明显升高(P < 0.05);经地塞米松干预后,肺组织GATA-3-T-bet mRNA均有所降低,以GATA-3 mRNA降低更为明显,IL-4表达明显降低(P < 0.05),而IFN-γ水平有减少倾向-结论:支气管哮喘小鼠T-bet/GATA-3表达失衡与气道炎症密切相关,地塞米松通过抑制GATA-3和T-bet 的表达,调节IL-4/IFN-γ比率并纠正Th1/Th2平衡失调,可能是其治疗哮喘的机制之一-

摘要:目的:研究大一学生日常关注的心理问题,促进其健康发展-方法:对567份学生作业进行分析-结果:新生主要关心的问题是人际交往-生活和学习-结论:新生的思想观念转变很大,对环境适应性强,但存在认识不足之处-

摘要:Objective:To investigate the relationship between sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and some cardiovascular disorders in adult habitual snorers as well as the effectiveness of nasal continuous positive airway pressure on those with OSAHS. Methods:With the use of polysomnography, 262 adult habitual snorers were examined and divided into the OSAHS group and the Non-OSAHS group (control). Using ambulatory electrocardiogram and blood pressure measurement, daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, hypertension, heart rate variability, some arrythmias and angina pectoris of coronary heart disease were monitored and compared between the two groups, before and after 14 days of treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure in the OSAHS group. Results:This study indicated a higher incidence (39.6%) of OSAHS in adult snorers and demonstrated that there was a significantly higher incidence of hypertension, disappearance of the daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure, poor effectiveness of nitrate on angina pectoris of coronary heart disease, decreased heart rate variability during sleep, increased arrythmias and lower SpO2 levels in the OSAHS group than in the Non-OSAHS group. After nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment during sleep, snoring control, significantly higher SpO2 and lower apnea hypopnea indices were achieved in the OSAHS group; heart rate variability and daily nocturnal rhythm of blood pressure returned to normal levels.Conclusion:The results of this research suggested that there was a close relationship between the development of OSAHS and some cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment was effective not only on OSAHS but also on coexisting cardiovascular disorders.

摘要:目的:观察血糖波动对糖尿病大鼠胰岛素释放和胰岛素敏感性的影响-方法:GK大鼠22只,随机分为糖尿病高血糖组-糖尿病血糖波动组,Wistar大鼠11只作为正常对照组,进行葡萄糖耐量实验(IPGTT)及在体胰岛分离后体外葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素释放实验(GSIS),并检测胰岛素相关基因的表达,以了解β细胞的胰岛素释放功能,进行胰岛素耐量试验以检测胰岛素敏感性的情况-结果:实验6周后血糖波动组和持续高血糖组体重无统计学差异-血糖波动组空腹血糖,糖负荷后15-30-60-120 min血糖,糖曲线下面积(AUCG)均高于持续高血糖组(P均 < 0.05)-在体胰岛分离后体外葡萄糖刺激下胰岛素释放指数明显低于持续高血糖组(P均 < 0.05)-血糖波动组胰岛素基因ins-1-ins-2和pdx-1表达及胰岛素敏感性较持续高血糖组显著降低(P均 < 0.05)-结论:血糖波动使GK大鼠胰岛素释放功能降低并且胰岛素相关基因表达减少可能是胰岛素释放减少的原因之一,血糖波动使胰岛素敏感性降低-

摘要:随着高校办学规模的不断扩大和高校毕业生就业形式的日趋多元化,高校毕业生流动党员数量逐年增多-建立高校毕业生流动党员教育管理的长效机制意义重大-本文对高校毕业生流动党员教育管理的现状进行了分析,提出了加强毕业生流动党员教育管理的应对之策-

摘要:通过对南京医科大学2004~2007年药理学博士学位论文的文献类型-数量-年代分布及外文核心期刊被引频次等方面的统计,分析了该校图书馆外刊的馆藏和利用情况-可为图书馆提高馆藏期刊收藏,文献资源的建设提供一些参考依据-

摘要:Objective:To explore the effect of neural histamine in the tuberomammillary nucleus (TM) on neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) onset in rabbits and the function of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) in the neural histamine modulation of NPE. Methods: NPE was produced by the intracisternal injections of fibrinogen and thrombin. The contents of histamine in the TM and RVLM in rabbits were measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Rabbits were placed on a stereotaxic frame and microinjection cannulae were inserted into the TM and RVLM using brain atlas coordinates. Animals were pretreated with R-α-methylhistamine (MeHA) in the TM and chlorphenamine Mmaleate/cimetidine in the RVLM prior to establishing the NPE model. Changes in the lung water ratio and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded, and paraffin sections of lung tissue were observed by light microscope. Results: We found that the contents of histamine (HA) in the TM and RVLM increased significantly with the onset of NPE. Pretreatment with MeHA in the TM and chlorphenamine Mmaleate in the RVLM significantly decreased MAP, and the lung water ratio and histological characteristics of the NPE in the rabbit model. Pretreatment with cimetidine in the RVLM had no effect on NPE.Conculsion:The results suggest that neural histamine in the TM is involved in the onset of NPE, and this effect of neural histamine is mediated by H1 receptor in the RVLM.

摘要:目的:探讨霉酚酸酯(mycophenolate mofetil, MMF)对非肥胖性糖尿病小鼠(non-obese diabetic mice,NOD)胰岛炎和胰岛β细胞凋亡的保护作用-方法:8周龄NOD 雌性小鼠22只分为两组,每组11只,干预组给予霉酚酸酯30 mg/kg 灌胃,对照组给予等量的生理盐水-两组小鼠饲养期间定期监测其血糖水平-30天实验结束时,每组取5只小鼠处死,行HE 染色观察胰岛炎程度,TUNEL法检测胰岛β细胞凋亡率-余下小鼠观察到发生糖尿病或20周处死-结果:干预前两组小鼠血糖均在正常水平-干预期间和干预期满后,MMF干预组小鼠血糖与生理盐水对照组之间无差异(P > 0.05);MMF组胰岛炎严重程度及胰岛β细胞凋亡率较生理盐水对照组明显减轻(P < 0.01)-结论:MMF可以在早期抑制NOD小鼠的胰岛炎和胰岛β细胞凋亡,从而减轻胰腺损伤-如果在糖尿病发病前给予MMF可能延缓或防止糖尿病的发生-

摘要:SCI影响因子是评价科技论文和科技期刊水平的一个重要指标,及时方便地了解和查询SCI影响因子有助于科研人员分析科研绩效和衡量科技竞争力-文章利用动态服务器网页(ASP)的技术,构建了SCI影响因子查询系统,实现了有效-方便检索SCI影响因子的查询功能-

摘要:Objective: This paper was designed to confirm the efficacy of chewing carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCTS)-containing gum in suppressing the growth of oral bacteria when compared to a CMCTS-containing mouth rinse. Methods: Fourteen healthy subjects were recruited from among the staff and students of Qingdao University Dentistry Department. Before the experiments saliva was collected from all subjects and bacteria counts determined. For the gum study, the subjects chewed CMCTS-containing gum for 5 min and then rested for 5 min. When testing the CMCTS mouth rinse, the subjects gargled with 10 mL of solution for 30 s, followed by resting for 9min 30 s. These protocols were repeated five times over a 50 min period on the same day. Post-experiment saliva samples were then collected at the following times: 0, 30 and 60 min.Results: Chewing gum containing CMCTS or rinsing with a CMCTS-containing rinse significantly decreased oral bacteria counts. The total bacteria counts, total Streptococci counts, and mutans streptococci counts of saliva from subjects who chewed CMCTS-containing gum were significantly lower than saliva from subjects in the rinse group in all three sampling periods, except in the case of the total bacteria count in the 60 min samples. Conclusion: CMCTS-containing gum chewing has a greater antibacterial effect than using a CMCTS-containing mouth rinse. The present findings strongly indicate that the application of natural materials such as chitosan and its derivatives is useful for better oral health.

摘要:高等学校思想政治理论课承担着对大学生进行系统的马克思主义理论教育的任务,是对大学生进行思想政治教育的主渠道-社会实践教学是以增强思想政治理论课教学的针对性-实效性和说服力-感染力的有效方式-在新形势下,针对高校思想政治理论课社会实践教学中存在的主要问题,提出进一步改进思想政治理论课社会实践教学的具体措施-

摘要:目的:观察血管紧张素Ⅳ(AngⅣ)对糖尿病大鼠认知功能-AT4受体表达的影响-方法:40只SD雄性大鼠随机分成正常对照组-糖尿病组-糖尿病+AngⅣ组,建立链脲佐菌素(STZ)糖尿病大鼠模型,成模后第12周,Morris水迷宫测试其学习记忆能力,测试结束后糖尿病+AngⅣ组进行侧脑室注射,糖尿病组和正常对照组注射等体积生理盐水,持续1周,再进行Morris水迷宫测试,免疫组化观察AT4受体的表达,RT-PCR检测AT4受体mRNA表达水平变化-结果:糖尿病+AngⅣ组和糖尿病组比较,Morris水迷宫测试中潜伏期明显缩短(P < 0.05),通过平台位置次数增加(P < 0.05),AT4受体蛋白及其mRNA表达下降(P < 0.05)-结论:AngⅣ对糖尿病大鼠认知功能有改善作用,AT4受体表达下调可能是作用途径之一-

摘要:高等医学院校本科教育中如何有效利用科研资源,是切实提高医学本科教育水平亟需解决的关键问题-本文通过对医学院校各类科研资源的具体内涵-利用现状和存在问题的分析,提出医学本科教育中可通过制定相关政策-创造各类机会-完善配套方案以充分有效的利用科研资源,使其更好地为医学教育服务-

摘要:Objective: We have explored the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) in the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritis, and investigated the effect of rhododendron root on the activation of NF-kB. Methods: Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a glomerulonephritis model group and a therapy group (glomerulonephritis animals treated with the root of rhododendron). Bovine serum albumin (BSA) nephritis was induced by subcutaneous immunization and daily intraperitoneal administration of BSA. Twenty-four-hour urinary protein and serum creatinine values were measured, and renal pathology was assessed histologically by optical microscopy and electron microscopy. NF-κB activity was determined by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results: Compared with the control rats, glomerulonephritis model rats exhibited a significant increase in both 24h urinary protein and serum creatinine, and had abnormal renal histology. The administration of the root of rhododendron ameliorated these changes. NF-κB activity in glomerulonephritis model group was greater than that in rhododendron-treated group, and NF-κB activity was greater in both glomerulonephritis groups than in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion: These observations suggest that NF-kB plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic glomerulonephritis, and rhododendron root may attenuate renal damages by downregulating the activation of NF-kB in this model.

摘要:目的:通过动物实验模型观察转录因子GATA-3在肾脏纤维化中的作用,通过对肾脏纤维化信号通路的干预,进一步了解逆转纤维化进程的策略方向-方法:将54只雄性SPF级Wistar大鼠随机分为单侧输尿管梗阻组(unilateral ureteral obstruction group,UUO)和正常对照组,单侧输尿管梗阻组按照处理因素再分为GATA-3 反义寡核苷酸组(antisense oligonucleotide group,AS),GATA-3 无意义寡核苷酸组(nonsense oligonucleotide group,NS)和生理盐水组,每组9只-正常对照组27只大鼠采取同样的分组方法-分别在试验第1-7-14天处死每小组3只大鼠,HE 和Masson染色观察肾脏纤维化的病理变化并评估纤维化程度,免疫组化方法观察GATA-3- Smad7等阳性表达情况并统计面积-RT-PCR法观察大鼠肾脏组织GATA-3及Smad7 mRNA 表达同时计算灰度值-结果: GATA-3反义寡核苷酸处理的大鼠无论是在梗阻组及正常对照组的肾脏纤维化现象均较其他两个处理组轻微,免疫组化结果显示,在梗阻组及正常对照组组均有GATA-3的表达,通过RT-PCR进一步证实,在梗阻组大鼠的肾脏组织中均有GATA-3及Smad7 RNA 的表达,反义寡核苷酸处理的大鼠Smad7的表达无论是在梗阻组还是正常对照组中均随梗阻时间的延长显著下降-结论:转录因子GATA-3通过减少BMP-7诱导的Smad7的表达,使Smad7阻断转化生长因子(TGF)-β的信号转导作用削弱,加剧了肾脏纤维化的发生发展,进一步证实通过对纤维化信号通路中的转录因子进行干预影响纤维化的进程是可行的-

摘要:文章从现代医学模式的提出及当前医学模式转换的现状为切入点,对“形神统一论”-“五脏情志论”-“体质气质学说”-“天人合一论”等中医心身相关思想中贯穿的生物-心理-社会医学模式的思维方法进行了细致的分析,指出现代医学要实现生物-心理-社会医学模式的转换要从治疗-预防-保健几个方面借鉴中医学的心身相关思想和理论并对中医学在人文内涵和生态意义上的启示给予关注-

摘要:目的:研究维生素D(VitD)缺乏对大鼠肺发育的形态学影响-方法:雌性SD孕鼠随机分为正常对照组-VitD缺乏模型组及干预组3组,每组6只-对照组予光照及含VitD的正常饲料喂养;模型组及干预组予以避光-不含VitD的饲料喂养,2周后与成熟SD 雄性大鼠交配,于孕17-18-19天干预组以活性VitD(0.5 mg/kg)灌胃,并恢复光照及正常喂养;模型组及对照组予以等体积生理盐水灌胃-各组取孕20天的胎肺及生后1天新生鼠肺组织,通过光镜观察和电镜技术,分析研究VitD缺乏对肺发育的形态学影响-结果:光镜下,孕20天模型组及干预组胎肺肺泡平均表面积-平均呼吸膜周径均小于同龄正常对照组(P < 0.05),平均肺泡间隔厚度大于对照组(P < 0.05);生后1天新生鼠模型组肺泡平均表面积-平均呼吸膜周径小于对照组(P < 0.05),平均肺泡间隔厚度大于对照组(P < 0.05),干预组肺泡平均表面积-平均呼吸膜周径大于模型组,平均间隔厚度小于模型组(P < 0.05)-电镜下,孕20天及生后1天的模型组的板层小体数量均明显少于对照组,且孕20天模型组糖原沉积丰富,生后1天模型组板层小体结构疏松,可见板层小体排空现象;干预组上述变化较模型组有所改善-结论:孕期VitD缺乏抑制了孕晚期胎鼠及新生大鼠的肺发育,补充活性维生素D可逆转上述抑制作用-

摘要:通过对当前我国道德教育的审视,从社会学角度分析道德教育缺失的生态困境,中国道德教育要建构科学的道德教育生态系,必须树立道德教育生态理念,并致力于道德教育生态的理论建构与现实建设-

摘要:刘瑞恒是中国近代医学史上的重要人物,在中国近代医学科学和公共卫生体系建设过程起到了重要作用-他早年留学哈佛大学,立志学医,学成归国,先主持北京协和医学院,后成为南京国民政府卫生部门负责人-他热心医学教育事业,培养人才,提携后进,积极推进近代中国医学科学的发展,对于中国近代实验医学的建设做出了重要贡献-

摘要:目的:观察硫喷妥钠对气管平滑肌收缩的直接影响,为有气道高反应患者选用硫喷妥钠提供参考依据-方法:选用3种刺激因素诱发兔气管平滑肌收缩,这3种因素分别是3 × 10-8 mmol/L的内皮素-1(ET-1)-10-3 mol/L乙酰胆碱(ACh)及电脉冲-观察1.89 mmol/L的硫喷妥钠对以上3种刺激因素所致气管平滑肌效应的影响-结果:1.89 mmol/L的硫喷妥钠可明显抑制以上3种刺激因素诱发的兔离体气管平滑肌收缩-结论:大剂量硫喷妥钠对内皮素-乙酰胆碱及电脉冲诱发的兔离体气管平滑肌收缩有一定的直接舒张作用-

摘要:目的:体外进行人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)原代培养及鉴定-方法:用0.1%Ⅱ型胶原酶消化法收集HUVECs,加入含20%胎牛血清的M199培养基在37℃-5%CO2孵箱中培养,用Tryple express进行消化传代培养-采用细胞形态学观察-流式细胞仪测定CD34鉴定细胞-结果:原代培养的HUVECs在24 h完全贴壁,在3~5天融合成片,呈现单层铺路石样改变-流式细胞仪测定内皮细胞纯度为75.52%-结论:Ⅱ胶原酶及Tryple express的灵活使用可获得大量连续传代培养的HUVECs-

摘要:目的:测定氯苯及其降解中间产物对发光菌的单一毒性以及联合毒性-方法:采用混合毒性指数(MTI)法对联合作用方式进行评价-结果:除了降解中间产物对苯醌毒性比氯苯大得多以外,其他降解中间产物毒性均比氯苯低,未开环的降解中间产物对氯苯酚-对苯二酚和苯酚的毒性比氯苯的毒性均有所降低,并随着Cl的脱除-苯环上OH的减少,毒性呈减弱趋势,苯环开环后的产物有机酸类毒性则更小-结论:氯苯降解过程中的中间产物主要表现为部分相加作用和协同作用-

摘要:目的:构建植物化学物在线清除自由基活性高通量筛选技术,创建植物化学物抗氧化活性研究新方法-方法:以附带2个检测器的高效液相色谱(HPLC)装置和流动注射技术为手段,引入二苯基三硝基苯肼(DPPH)有机自由基分别与经HPLC分离的植物化学物发生在线清除反应,优化流速-反应管尺寸等条件,比较反应前后DPPH吸收信号的变化-结果:确定和验证了两类植物多酚化学物茶多酚和丹酚酸在线清除自由基活性HPLC-DPPH表征方法-反应环聚醚醚酮(PEEK)盘管规格为长10 m-内径0.254 mm,DPPH·浓度为1.0 × 10-5 mol/L,流速为0.7~0.8 ml/min-结论:HPLC-DPPH流动注射在线表征技术能够实现对多组分植物化学物抗氧化能力的高通量筛选-

摘要:目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者并发恶性肿瘤的临床规律,为糖尿病患者预防恶性肿瘤的发生提供帮助-方法:调查2000年~2005年资料相对完整的所有含有2型糖尿病的死亡患者,再找出糖尿病至少半年后,合并有恶性肿瘤的患者,从年龄-性别和各系统分布等角度来分析肿瘤分布规律(包括患病率)-结果:2型糖尿病患者201例,女性75例-男性126例,其中恶性肿瘤患者57例,非肿瘤组144例-40~55岁组糖尿病患者肿瘤患病率低-二甲双胍使用率高;肿瘤大多好发于男性;以消化道肿瘤患病率最高,其后依次为血液系统肿瘤-肺部肿瘤和泌尿系统肿瘤;各系统中的肿瘤又有不同的特点,包括糖尿病至肿瘤的病程,以胰腺癌最短,仅在3年左右,肠癌和肺癌较长,在11年左右,而其他肿瘤居中-结论:2型糖尿病患者发生恶性肿瘤的危险性与年龄和性别的相关性更强;糖尿病至肿瘤病程的长短以及各类型肿瘤的特点(包括患病率高低),决定了临床不同时期的筛查重点;二甲双胍可能会有效降低恶性肿瘤的患病率;但肿瘤并不能使糖尿病患者的死亡年龄提前这一点值得思考-

摘要:目的:观察垂体后叶素在冠状动脉搭桥术(cardiac angioplastic bridge graft sugery,CABG)中对血流动力学的影响-方法: 20例行择期CABG的冠心病患者随机分为两组:去甲肾上腺素和垂体后叶素组-麻醉诱导后至手术结束,采用乳酸林格-人工胶体和红细胞悬液维持中心静脉压(CVP)和肺毛细血管楔压(PCWP)在8~10 cmH2O(0.785~0.981 kPa)左右,维持血球压积(HCT)不低于30%-分别使用去甲肾上腺素和垂体后叶素维持稳定的有创血压(IBP)-目标IBP 70 mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa),心率(HR)60次/分-观察平均动脉压(MAP)-HR-ST-T-CVP-肺动脉压(PAP)-PCWP-外周血管阻力(SVR)-肺血管阻力(PVR)-心排量(CO)-尿量,间断监测动脉血气-手术时间-出血量-结果:两组患者MAP-HR-ST-T变化平稳;在搭后降支(PDA)时CVP-PCWP-SVR有所增加,心脏指数(CI)降低,但两组间无差异;PAP在搭PDA时升高,两组间有显著差异(P < 0.05)-垂体后叶素组PVR组内无差异,去甲肾上腺素组PVR在搭ADA和PDA时显著增加, 与同时间点去甲肾上腺素组的PVR相比较,组间有显著差异(P < 0.01)-倍他乐克使用量:垂体后叶素组使用量为5.9 mg,去甲肾上腺素组用量为11.2 mg,两组间有明显差异(P < 0.01)-结论:垂体后叶素较去甲肾上腺素更能很好地稳定冠状动脉搭桥患者术中的血流动力学状态-

摘要:目的:通过对不同类型功能性便秘(FC)患者肛门直肠动力和感觉功能的研究,比较不同类型FC患者病理生理机制上的异同-方法:根据结肠转运时间(CTT)和传输指数(TI)对FC患者进行分型,分为传输时间正常型(NTC)-慢传输型(STC)-出口梗阻型(OOC)和混合型(MC);用肛门直肠测压的方法测定不同类型FC患者的肛门直肠动力及感觉功能,同时选择健康人作对照组-结果:与健康对照组相比,FC患者肛管静息压降低,排便感觉阈值和最大耐受容量均增高(P < 0.01);各型FC患者肛管静息压均降低(P < 0.01);NTC组和OOC组排便感觉阈值和最大耐受容量增高(P < 0.01);STC组引起直肠肛门抑制反射的最低容量(MRV)降低,初始感觉阈值降低-排便感觉阈值增高(P < 0.05);各组间肛管静息压-缩榨压-排便感觉阈值比较均未见明显异常-结论:肛门直肠动力和感觉功能异常,是FC患者发病的一个重要的病理生理机制-NTC患者和OOC患者在动力和感觉功能上表现出一定的共性,推断其病理生理机制可能存在一定的联系-STC患者的发病是多因素造成的动力紊乱-

摘要:目的:研究全身亚低温治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的临床疗效-方法:将中重度窒息足月新生儿61例随机分为亚低温治疗组33例和常规治疗对照组28例-两组出生体重-胎龄-临床分度比较无显著性差异-治疗组在生后6 h内给予亚低温治疗,鼻咽部温度维持在33~34℃,直肠温度维持在33~34℃持续72 h后复温,其他治疗措施与对照组相同-两组均进行心电-血压-经皮氧饱和度-鼻咽部温度-直肠温度连续监护,检测血电解质-血糖-肝肾功能和血气分析,并采用新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)进行神经行为发育评价-结果:两组均无出血-严重感染及死亡-亚低温组治疗期间心率平均下降30次/min,血压及呼吸未见明显改变,未发现与亚低温相关的心律失常及肺动脉高压-血钠-血钾-血钙在低温治疗后与治疗前及对照组相比均无明显差异-HIE患儿治疗前均有代谢性酸中毒,部分患儿有急性肾功能异常,治疗后均逐渐纠正-两组患儿在生后28天做NBNA评分,治疗组测定值明显高于对照组,P < 0.01-结论:全身亚低温治疗新生儿HIE无严重的不良反应,对减轻或预防后遗症,提高生存质量有很好的临床疗效-

摘要:目的:研究CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在哮喘儿童外周血中的比例改变,并探讨其临床意义-方法:采用细胞内染色的流式细胞术检测急性发作期哮喘患儿外周血CD4+CD25+ Treg及其调控基因FOXP3的表达,并与健康对照组进行比较-结果:急性发作期哮喘患儿外周血CD4和CD25双阳性细胞所占比例与健康对照组无明显差异(P > 0.05),而CD4+CD25+FOXP3 调节性T细胞在外周血中的比例明显低于健康对照组(P < 0.01)-结论:哮喘患儿外周血CD4+CD25+FOXP3调节性T细胞在外周血中的比例明显减少,可能与哮喘的发病机制有关-

摘要:目的:对宫颈薄层液基细胞学检查结果为不典型鳞状上皮细胞(ASC-US)的患者,通过高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)DNA检测进行临床分流管理-方法:对662例ASC-US患者进行高危型HPV-DNA检测及宫颈活检病理学检查-结果:高危型HPV-DNA检测结果阳性为215例,阳性率为32.48%-病理结果为慢性宫颈炎-宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)Ⅰ-CINⅡ-CINⅢ和宫颈浸润癌的患者高危型HPV病毒阳性所占比例为 17.10%-57.33%-78.85%-93.10%-100%-结论:高危型HPV阳性预示着可能有宫颈高度癌前期病变的存在,或有可能发展为宫颈高度癌前期病变,HPV阴性则意味着几乎不会发生宫颈癌,及时合理地检测高危型HPV对宫颈病变的临床处理起着科学分流管理的作用-

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摘要:目的:探讨PET/CT显像CT对比剂的应用对胃肠道病变的诊断-鉴别诊断和肿瘤分期中的应用价值-方法:40例PET/CT早期全身显像疑有胃肠道肿瘤的患者,口服阴性或阳性对比剂对胃肠道感兴趣区行延迟显像,其中19例患者在检查前或后3天内行静脉注射含碘对比剂的CT多期增强扫描-结果:与内窥镜及手术病理结果对照,PET显示了所有病变,误诊6例,漏诊1例胃印戒细胞癌区域内淋巴结转移,1例胃类癌肝转移-CT诊断了所有病变,2例未定性,漏诊5例淋巴结转移及4枚肝内直径 ≤ 1 cm转移灶-结论:诊断性CT对胃肠道病变的定位-定性优于PET,PET对胃肠道肿瘤的分期优于CT,诊断性CT与PET联合应用,减少了胃肠道肿瘤假阳性和假阴性的诊断,提高了胃肠道病变诊断与分期的准确性-

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