摘要:Lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world. It is a highly lethal disease in women and men, and new treatments are urgently needed. Several studies have implicated a role of estrogens and estrogen receptors in lung cancer progression. This review will investigate the biological significance of estrogens in lung cancer cells, the expression and molecular mechanisms of estrogen receptors(ERαand ERβ, elucidate the prognostic significance of estrogens and their receptors in lung carcinomas and provide new options for patients afflicted with lung malignancies.

摘要:Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI) encompasses the entire range of cognitive deficits associated with cerebrovascular disease(CVD), from mild deficits with little or no functional impairment, such as vascular cognitive impairment-no dementia(VCIND), to full-blown vascular dementia(VaD). Accurate diagnosis of vascular cognitive impairment is important but may be difficult. In this review we report advances in VCI in the following areas: etiology, subtypes, neuropsychology, biomarkers, neuroimaging, and diagnostic criteria.

摘要:The enzyme, dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ(DPP Ⅳ), is a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Dipeptidyl peptidase Ⅳ inhibition improves the impaired insulin secretion and decrease postprandial concentrations of glucagon by enhancing the incretin hormone levels lucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide/gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP). Recently, DPP Ⅳ inhibitors have attracted more and more attention, several of which have entered pre-clinical and clinical trials, and one has received approval for use as an anti-diabetic agent. Among the DPP Ⅳ inhibitors, two leading agents(sitagliptin and vildagliptin) have been shown to be effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) in patients with type 2 diabetes. This review summarizes the evidence supporting DPP IV inhibitors as potential antidiabetic agents.

摘要:Objective: We have previously found that mbr is a regulatory element of the bcl2 gene. The objective of this study is to isolate and identify the proteins binding to the 37 mbr in the 3′-end of the mbr. Methods: Streptavidin magnetic particles were ligated to concatameric oligonucleotides of 37 mbr and incubated with the nuclear extracts of Jurkat cells. The DNA-binding proteins were eluted and then resolved by SDS-PAGE. After silver staining, the protein bands were excised and subjected to MALDI-TOF MS. Results: Several protein bands were detected after the isolation with magnetic particles, and Splicing factor, proline- and glutamine-rich(SFPQ), Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1(PARP), and promyelocytic leukemia protein(PML) were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Conclusion: Several proteins were isolated and identified from the 37 mbr-protein complex. Results of this study establish a foundation for further study of the mechanisms by which mbr executes its regulatory function.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the differences of primary culture, purification and biological characteristics between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells from rat aorta. Methods: Endothelial cells were obtained using the vascular ring adherence, collagenase digestion method and an improved vascular ring adherence method, while smooth muscle cells were separated from tissue sections of rat aorta. Clones of endothelial cells were selected by limiting dilution assay. Both cell types were identified using specific cell immunofluorescent markers, and phase contrast microscopy was used to observe the morphological disparity between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells at the single cell and colony level. Cell proliferation was determined by the cell counting kit-8. Differences between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were evaluated in trypsin digestion time, attachment time and recovery after cryopreservation. Results: Endothelial cells were obtained by all three methods. The improved vascular ring method provided the most reproducible results. Cells were in good condition, and of high purity. Smooth muscle cells were cultured successfully by the tissue fragment culture method. Clonal expansion of single endothelial cells was attained. The two cell types expressed their respective specific markers, and the rate of proliferation of smooth muscle cells exceeded that of endothelial cells. Endothelial cells were more sensitive to trypsin digestion than smooth muscle cells. In addition, they had a shorter adherence time and better recovery following cryopreservation than smooth muscle cells. Conclusion: The improved vascular ring method was optimal for yielding endothelial cells. Limiting dilution is a novel and valid method for purifying primary endothelial cells from rat aorta. Primary rat endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell cultures exhibited different morphological characteristics, proliferation rate, adherence time, susceptibility to trypsin digestion and recovery after cryopreservation. Our research can be a good foundation for further application in the regeneration of blood vessel.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the expression of OX40 ligand(OX40L) on C-reactive protein(CRP)-triggered mouse aorta endothelial cells (MAECs) in vitro. Methods: MAECs from aorta were isolated by digestion with collagenase typeⅡ. The cell growth was confirmed by morphological characteristics and the immunological marker, factor Ⅷ(or Willebrand factor, vWF). The expression of OX40L by MAECs was detected by RT-PCR and western blot after incubating with 100μg/ml CRP for 48 hours. Results: Twenty-day cultures of MAECs formed confluent monolayer of a cobblestone pattern. RT-PCR and western blot assay showed that the level of OX40L expression in MAECs receiving CRP treatment was higher than control. Conclusion: A reliable method is described to isolate and propagate MAECs. CRP upregulates OX40L expression in MAECs.

摘要:Objective: This study investigated the effects of rh-TRAIL with or without chemotherapeutic drugs on the apoptosis of the osteosa-rcoma cell line, MG-63, and the influence of chemotherapeutic drugs on changes in the expression of DR5 and YinYang1(YY1) in MG-63 cells. Methods: The effects of treatment with rh-TRAIL alone and/or chemotherapeutic drugs on MG-63 cell growth inhibition and apoptosis were measured using the MTT assay, FACS analysis of Annexin V labeled cells, and the mRNA changes of DR5 and YY1 were detected by RT-PCR. Results: Rh-TRAIL protein inhibited the growth of MG-63 cells, and this inhibition was increased by adriamycin and IFN-γ. Adriamycin and IFN-γ significantly facilitated the induction of the expression of DR5 and reduced the expression of YY1. Conclusion: The apoptosis-inducing effect of rh-TRAIL in MG-63 cells was enhanced by chemotherapeutic drugs.

摘要:Objective: To construct the point mutation plasmids expressing HCV NS3/4A with different secondary structures at the N-terminus, and to analyze their serine protease activities. Methods: The point mutation plasmid constructs were generated by using the QuickChange site-directed mutagenesis kit with the backbone of M-H05-5 (A1-1), and were named as subgroup A1-2, A2-1, A2-2, B1-1, B1-2, B2-1, and B2-2 respectively. The transient expression of the constructs was investigated by immunofluorescence assay and Western blot analysis. The difference in in cis and in trans NS3 serine protease activity between each subgroup was determined by Western blot analysis. Luciferase reporter assay was used to observe the inhibitory effects of the constructs on RIG-I induced IFN-βpromoter activity and on p53-dependent transcriptional activation. Results: The point mutation plasmid constructs were verified for the correct sequence by DNA sequencing. The immunofluorescence assay revealed 4 subcellular localization patterns of NS3, including dot-like staining, diffuse staining, doughnut-like staining, and rod-shape staining. Western blot analysis indicated that the incomplete cleavage of NS3/4A appeared in subgroups A2-1 and B2-1, indicating that the in cis NS3 serine protease activities of subgroup A2-1 and B2-1 were weaker when compared with the other subgroups. By using NS5A/5BΔC as a substrate for NS3/4A serine protease, it was also found that the in trans NS3 serine protease activities of subgroup A2-1 and B2-1 were also weaker compared the other subgroups. Differences in inhibitory effects of HCV NS3 on RIG-I induced IFN-βpromoter activity and on p53-dependent transcriptional activation were also observed between subgroup A2-1, B2-1 and the other subgroups. Conclusion: The results suggest that subgroup A2-1 and B2-1 has weaker serine protease activities and weaker inhibitory activities on host cell functions than the other subgroups, which might be explained by the different secondary structure of the 120-aa sequence at N-terminus of NS3.

摘要:Objective: To investigate the effects and underlying mechanisms of different doses of nerve growth factor(NGF) pretreatment on neuron apoptosis and the expressions of the apoptosis-related protein, Bcl-2 and Bax, in the gerbil cerebral prefrontal cortex following global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury. Methods: Fifty-four gerbils were randomly divided into five groups, group C: sham operation(n = 6); group I/R(n = 12), group L(n = 12): low-dose NGF+I/R, group M(n = 12): medium-dose NGF+I/R and group H (n = 12): high-dose NGF+I/R. Groups I/R, L , M and H were further divided into 2 subgroups according to the duration of reperfusion(24 h and 72 h). The global cerebral I/R injury model was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 min, followed by removal of the clamps to permit reperfusion. In groups L, M and H, NGF was injected into the lateral ventricle 24 h prior to ischemia. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL) and immunohis-tochemical staining were performed to detect neuron apoptosis and the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein in the cerebral cortex, respectively. Results: In the I/R group and NGF pretreatment groups(L, M and H groups), reperfusion for 72 h caused higher percentages of both neurons exhibiting apoptosis and Bax positive cells(P < 0.01), but lower percentages of Bcl-2 positive cells compared with the corresponding 24 h reperfusion groups(P < 0.05). All NGF pretreatment groups exhibited lower percentages of neurons exhibiting apoptosis and Bax positive cells but a higher percentage of Bcl-2 positive-cells relative to the I/R group(P < 0.01). Moreover, the high-dose NGF pretreatment group had a greater decreased neuronal apoptosis and Bax protein expression and increased Bcl-2 protein expression than either the low-or medium-dose groups. Conclusion: Neuron apoptosis participates in the progression of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The protective effect of NGF pretreatment against ischemia-reperfusion-induced neuron apoptosis seems to be both time- and dose-dependent. This anti-apoptosis mechanism may be associated with upregulation of Bcl-2 protein expression and downregulation of Bax protein expression.

摘要:Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of the transradial approach for primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods: 195 patients with acute myocardial infarction were randomly divided into two groups according to the different PCI operation pathways. 105 cases were assigned to the transfemoral artery group and 90 cases to the transradial artery group. We analyzed the data from the two groups, including the achievement ratio of paracentesis, cannulation time, the time from local anesthesia to the first time balloon inflation, the time of the total procedure, achievement ratio of PCI, incidence rate of vascular complications, total duration of hospitalization, and the six-month follow-up results in both groups. Results: Our results showed that the achievement ratio of arteriopuncture, cannulation time and the time from local anesthesia to the first time balloon inflation in the transradial and transfemoral groups were 98.9% vs. 100%, 3.15 ± 1.56 min vs. 2.86 ± 0.97 min, and 18.56 ± 4.37 min vs. 17.75 ± 3.21 min, respectively. These differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. The total operating time was 29.75 ± 4.38 min for the transradial group and 27.89 ± 3.95 min(P < 0.05) for the transfemoral group. The operation achievement ratio in the transradial group was 96.7%, and 96.2% in the transfemoral group. The incidence of puncture point complications was 2.2% in the transradial group and 11.4% in the transfemoral group, and this difference was significant. The duration of hospitalization was 10.56 ± 2.85 days for the transradial group and 13.78 ± 3.15 days(P < 0.05) for the transfemoral group. At the six-month follow-up, the rate of survival without cardiac event was 86.1% vs. 86.4% respectively in the transradial and transfemoral groups(P > 0.05). Conclusion: The transradial approach was as effective as the transfemoral approach, and there were fewer puncture point complications as well as a shorter span of hospitalization in the transradial group. PCI via the transradial approach is safe, effective and feasible in patients with AMI.

摘要:企业社会责任已成为国内外学术界研究的重要问题,越来越引起社会组织-政府部门的关注和监督,而医药企业的社会责任更有其自身的特殊性-在我国市场经济发展过程中由于制度的缺陷,形成医药流通领域中的社会责任缺失,引起医疗服务市场的败德行为,如政府不引起高度重视-采取切实有效的措施解决这种社会问题,潜在的风险将会影响整个社会的稳定-

摘要:在我国,普通民事案件举证责任分配实行的是“谁主张谁举证”规则,通常由原告负责举证-但是不同案件的事实是不同的,原被告的处境和举证能力也是不对等的,为避免审判结果的不公,针对特殊案件,法律又规定了特殊的举证责任分配规则,由被告承担完全的举证责任,即所谓的“举证责任倒置”规则,较为典型的就是医疗侵权案件-文章将就医疗侵权诉讼举证责任分配进行初步探讨-

摘要:Objective: To investigate the changes of cyclin L2(CCNL2) gene mRNA and protein during the differentiation of P19 cells to cardiac myocytes, and to explore the relationship between CCNL2 gene and the differentiation of cardiac myocytes. Methods: P19 cells were cultured with 0.9% DMSO for 18 days. Western blots of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were used to identify cell differentiation. Total RNA was extracted from P19 cells during the process of differentiation at various time points:pre-differentiation(Day 0), and Day 1 to Day 18. The expression levels of CCNL2 gene mRNA and protein were evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results: After being induced to differentiate by DMSO for 4 days in suspension, spontaneously and rhythmically beating cells were seen at 8 day, which were cTnI-positive. In P19 cells, both the expression level of CCNL2 gene mRNA and protein were gradually down-regulated. Conclusion: Both the expression of CCNL2 gene and protein were down-regulated during the process of the differentiation of P19 cells into cardiac myocytes, suggesting a possible role for this cyclin in their differentiation．

摘要:全面认识和了解医疗损害赔偿诉讼中适用的证明责任分配规则,是切实保护医疗损害受害人合法权益的关键-我国法律对医疗损害赔偿诉讼案件应依据案件的具体情况,适用有限制的证明责任倒置-高度盖然性-妨碍证明理论等不同的证明责任分配规则,从而保证医疗损害案件裁决的客观与公正-

摘要:Objective: To investigate the relationship between adiponectin genotype polymorphisms and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Using the TaqMan polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method, the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) at positions 45 and 276 in the adiponectin gene were determined in Chinese of the Han nationality in the Nanjing district. The OSAHS group consisted of 78 patients, and the control group contained 40 subjects. The association of adiponectin genotype polymorphisms at positions 45 and 276 with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome was analyzed. Results: No evidence of a direct association was found between OSAHS and adiponectin genotype SNP at positions 45 and 276(P > 0.05). However, compared with those OSAHS patients having G/T+T/T genotype at position 276, the OSAHS patients with the G/G genotype showed a greater neck circumference(NC), a prolonged duration of the longest apnea event, and elevated levels of blood cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(P < 0.05). Conclusion: No direct association was detected between OSAHS and adiponectin genotype distribution at positions 45 and 276 in Chinese of Han nationality in the Nanjing district. However, OSAHS patients with the adiponectin G/G genotype at position 276 had a larger NC and the longest apnea event compared to those having the adiponectin SNP276 G/T +T/T genotype. This may have an indirect influence on the development of OSAHS,

摘要:Objective: To investigate the stimulatory effect of epinephrine(Epi) and the antagonistic effect of Chrysanthemum indicum Linné extracts (CILE) on Epi-induced growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) cells. Methods: The stimulatory effect of Epi and inhibitory effect of CILE on the growth of HepG2 and MHCC97H cells were investigated using a proliferation assay in correlation with βadrenergic receptor(β2-AR) blockade, a MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor, and assessment of MAPK/ERK1/2 intracellular activity. Results: Epi transiently activated MAPK/ERK1/2 in HepG2 and MHCC97H cells, resulting in a burst of growth. The effect of Epi was significantly attenuated by ICI 118551 and U0126. CILE exhibited a dose-dependent attenuation of the stimulatory effect of Epi on the growth of both cell lines and inhibited the Epi-induced activation of MAPK/ERK1/2. Conclusion: Epi, mimicking a mitogen, stimulated the growth of HepG2 and MHCC97H cells, and CILE was effective in attenuating this effect of Epi on tumor cells by inhibiting the β2-AR-mediated activation of MAPK/ERK1/2.

摘要:我国刑法第217条和218条所规定的侵犯著作权罪和销售侵权复制品罪都将“以营利为目的”作为两罪的主观要件之一,而在其他的侵犯知识产权犯罪中均未有此目的的限制-因此,在司法实践中所出现的以报复他人-损害他人名誉或者自我炫耀为目的而实施的严重侵犯著作权的行为,由于行为人不“以营利为目的”,尽管其行为所具有的社会危害性不亚于“以营利为目的”的犯罪行为,仍然不能构成犯罪-不管是从刑法的协调性还是利益平衡的角度来看,都应当取消这一目的的限制-

摘要:随着和谐社会发展目标的确立,医疗卫生资源作为重要的民生建设内容,国家给予了越来越多的重视,十七大会议提出到2020年建立覆盖城乡的基本医疗卫生服务体系-本文从经济学中公共产品角度出发,研究城市社区医疗卫生资源的优化配置途径并提出快速城市化时期医疗卫生资源“公平效率适度”的弹性配置准则,结合深圳龙岗区的规划实践提出具有针对性的配置建议,改善公众福利水平,提高相对公平性-

摘要:Transient apical ballooning syndrome(Tako-Tsubo syndrome or ampulla cardiomyopathy) occurs predominantly in women over 60 years of age with a history of recent physical or psychological stress. We present a case of a male patient with reversible transient apical ballooning syndrome with significant coronary lesions and other ECG changes that did not explain the clinical symptoms.

摘要:病历质量是医疗质量和医疗安全的体现,电子病历(electronic medical record,EMR)的应用对病历质量的提高有重要的积极影响-实践结果显示,通过电子病历系统质控点的设置,明显减少并有效阻止了不合格病历,提高了质量控制的能力-因此,电子病历的应用可提高病历质量,体现信息化管理的重要性-

摘要:文章论述了构建长效管理机制在现代医院人力资源管理中的地位和作用,分析并总结了构建医院人力资源管理长效机制的一般过程-主要影响因素及路径选择原则,探讨了当前医院人力资源管理急需构建的长效机制,以及构建长效机制的主要路径和应注意的问题-

摘要:由于医学教育体制-经济体制等原因,我国医学人文精神的实践水准较低-医学人文的现状急需医学人文教育的支持-医学人文教育是医学本质属性的内在要求,是实现医学目的的必要条件-通过医学人文教育,可使医学人文内在化-

摘要:文章通过对医学人文和医师职业精神两者在发展中水乳交融的关系入手,分析了医学人文在当代医疗过程中日渐缺失的现状及医学人文对医师职业精神建设的重要意义,从而提出要在医学人文信仰-医务人员人文素质-医院人文环境-自我规范和激励约束机制以及人文实践等方面积极重构医师职业精神-

摘要:科学发展观是马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果,马克思主义哲学是科学发展观的理论基础,对大学生进行科学发展观教育,要与马克思主义基本原理教学相结合,使他们在学习科学发展观中领悟唯物辩证法,提高大学生的马克思主义哲学素养,在掌握唯物辩证法的基础上深刻理解科学发展观,提高他们践行科学发展观的自觉性-

摘要:医学生教育作为高等教育中相对独立的一个教育体系,在针对性极强的专业课程教学的同时暴露出强调专业忽略兴趣,重科学轻人文的问题,其中医学生的审美素质教育显得尤为缺乏-文章从高素质人才和高素质医学人才的培养角度出发,探寻加强医学生审美素质教育的途径-

摘要:作为中国传统家庭教育的著名篇章,《朱子家训》成为当前许多学校(包括南京医科大学)都要求学生诵读的经典-《朱子家训》本身具有深刻的人文内涵和时代烙印,我们在注重字词解释和文意梳理的同时更要注重对作者时代背景的解析和文本思想文化的思考-所谓读书需知人且论世也-

摘要:在流行病学的教学中分别应用PBL教学模式和传统教学模式教学,并对教学效果进行量化比较-结果表明:PBL教学模式在发挥学生学习主动性-培养学生综合能力及提高课堂教学效果方面比传统教学模式有显著优势,值得推广-

摘要:根据学科建设需要,按头颅-五官-胸部-腹部-盆腔-骨骼肌肉部位系统分为六个学组,分别由一位导师担任领头人,由高-中-低年资医师形成梯队,负责各部位系统的科研及教学-把影像专业实习生分为6个小组,每组2~4人-每个导师负责一个小组,不但指导他们的学习,而且对他们思想-生活等方面进行教育和引导-实行导师制可“因材施教”,是符合教育学规律的,使实习生学到更多的专业知识,了解影像专业最新的学术动态,而且可以从这些优秀的影像科医生身上学到严谨的治学态度,良好的思想品德-影像专业实习生导师制的带教管理模式是一种人性化

摘要:目的:了解循证医学教学培训情况,以不断提高培训质量和效果-方法:设计调查问卷,收集参加培训的两批学员反馈的意见,进行数据分析-结果:调查问卷回收率为86.7%,绝大多数学员认为培训对他们的临床和科研有帮助,并有意愿在将来继续学习循证医学,以及进行循证医学的研究-推广和教学工作-学员在培训后应用最多的循证医学知识是基本方法和技能(统计-检索-查新等)-相关数据库和医学资源的应用-评价相关文献和医疗方法-追踪后效评价-建议主要是希望能有更多的时间学习循征医学,增加循征医学实践机会以及加强后续跟踪指导-结论:今

摘要:目的:探索适应医学教育发展趋势,满足广大成人学员需求的临床专升本课程设置新方法-方法:对南京医科大学继续教育学院2006级~2008级临床医学专升本学生进行问卷调查,就学员对现行课程设置的看法-意见和学习需求进行了解和分析;对比省内外医学院校临床专升本专业课程设置-学时安排和比例等情况,找出目前课程设置的缺陷和不足-结果:随着卫生体制改革的深入,以及生源的年轻化-基层化,我院临床医学专升本专业现有的学科式课程设置逐渐不适应学员变化发展的学习需求-结论:提出临床专升本课程设置的调整方案:细化培养目标,加强实

摘要:外科学总论实践教学是培养医学生外科能力的关键环节,是从外科基础理论到外科临床实践的桥梁-为加强实践教学,我们采用新型外总实践教学体系,即以基础型实验为主,增设综合型实验-提高型实验及创新型实验-为规范带教过程,增加了《实践教学过程记录》及《学生实验记录表》,并采用操作讲授-演示-培训及层层过关测试及多站考核(Objective Structured Clinical Examination,OSCE)方法,进行对照研究,并在2006级临床医学各专业中推广及运用,获得良好的教学效果,为医学生外科临床实践打下

摘要:教师资源作为高校教学质量和学术水平决定性因素,是高校最主要也是最重要的资源-针对高校师资紧缺的现状,文章就高校教师资源优化配置的必要性-特殊性和相关解决对策做一论述-

摘要:国家-学校-社会对贫困生的救助体系日趋完善,救助覆盖面逐步扩大,加上国家助学贷款的新机制下做到“应贷尽贷”,理论上高校欠费应该为零-但高校的欠费现象仍然严重,问题的出现应该是多方面的-应该高度重视-加强教育-正面引导-建立行之有效的制度-充分通过数据模型分析来判定恶意欠费学生,对症下药以解决高校日益严重的学生欠费问题-

摘要:目的:了解援建人员的生活质量,为提高其生活质量提供理论基础-方法:采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定简式量表(WHOQOL-BREF)对2009年2~5月112名江苏援建人员和100名当地居民的生活质量进行问卷调查-结果:援建人员在社会关系和环境领域的得分高于当地居民(P < 0.01),而援建人员对自身健康状况总的主观感受得分则低于当地居民(P < 0.01)-结论:需要加强对援建人员自身健康状况的保障工作-

摘要:目的:探讨艾滋病从发现至今的研究现状和发展趋势-方法:采用主题词检索的方法对PubMed和CBMWeb中所收录的有关艾滋病的论文进行文献计量学分析-结果:我国对艾滋病的研究与国际形势大体一致,文献的总量偏重于基础医学-临床医学类和公共卫生领域,心理学和社会学领域的研究相比而言非常薄弱-并且近十年我国在艾滋病研究方面的进展很快-结论:艾滋病研究应加强对治疗尤其是预防和控制方面的研究,并且需要医学人员-心理学家-社会学家的共同努力-

摘要:随着科技发展和经济全球化,我国科技期刊的国际化要求也越来越迫切-文章从生物医学英文期刊这一特定的期刊群体出发,分析其2006年~2008年海外论文比的变化,结合总被引频次,影响因子等其他文献计量指标,探讨目前国内生物医学英文期刊国际化的水平和面临的问题-

摘要:目的:研究新型ATP敏感性钾通道开放剂埃他卡林(IPT)对低氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)大鼠肺动脉血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达的影响-方法:雄性SD大鼠36只随机分成对照组-HPH模型组-IPT干预组,每组12只-IPT干预组给予IPT 1.5 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,对照组及HPH模型组给予0.9% NaCl 5 ml/(kg·d)灌胃-HPH组及IPT干预组在(10.0 ± 0.5)%氧浓度下饲养,每天8 h,每周6天,4周时测定平均肺动脉压(mPAP)-RV/(LV+S),逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和Western-blot技术检测各组肺动脉主干VEGF mRNA和蛋白的表达-结果:① HPH模型组大鼠mPAP和RV/(LV+S)显著高于对照组(P < 0.01),IPT干预组mPAP和RV/(LV+S)较HPH模型组显著下降(P < 0.01)-②HPH模型组大鼠肺动脉VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达高于对照组,两者具有显著统计学意义(P < 0.01),IPT干预组与HPH模型组比较,VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达均下降(P < 0.01);IPT干预组与对照组比较,VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达差异无显著性(P > 0.05)-结论:HPH模型大鼠肺动脉VEGF mRNA及蛋白表达增加,IPT可明显抑制慢性低氧大鼠肺动脉VEGF mRNA和蛋白的表达-

摘要:目的:观察运动训练对脊髓损伤后大鼠运动功能的影响,以及脊髓内脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)-诱导轴突分化因子Slit2-胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达规律,研究康复训练对损伤后脊髓微环境的影响-方法:雄性成年SD大鼠70只,随机分为10个实验组和4个对照组,每组5只-以改良Allen’s撞击法制作脊髓损伤模型-从损伤后7天起,实验组分别进行1~4周活动平板训练,对照组不训练-训练结束时(即损伤后14-21-28-35天)分别进行运动功能评估,免疫组织化学二步法结合图像平均光密度分析观察大鼠脊髓内BDNF-Slit2以及GFAP的表达-结果:各不同训练时程后,大鼠运动功能评分均有改善(P < 0.05);训练后,大鼠脊髓内BDNF以及Slit2的表达较对照组均有明显增加(P < 0.05),GFAP的表达高峰延迟-结论:康复训练可能通过上调脊髓内BDNF和Slit2的表达水平,延迟星型胶质细胞的增生,使脊髓内神经元再生微环境朝有利方向变化来促进神经通路重建,改善运动功能-

摘要:目的:利用基因芯片技术检测结核分枝杆菌(MTB)对链霉素(SM)和乙胺丁醇(EMB)耐药性的技术平台建立-方法:应用基因芯片法测定160株MTB临床分离株的SM和EMB耐药性,并与BACTEC960法结果进行比较,分别对结果相符与不相符的菌株进行测序-结果:基因芯片法测定160株MTB临床分离株,结果显示SM敏感111株-耐药49株,以rpsL 43-88位aag突变为agg为主-芯片检测结果EMB敏感142株-耐药18株,耐EMB的MTB以embB 306位atg突变为gtg为主-基因芯片法检测链霉素-乙胺丁醇耐药的敏感性-特异性分别为80.0%-99%和60.0%-100%-两种测定方法结果不符的菌株中,采用基因测序法测定,结果显示基因芯片法检测点突变具有高度的特异性-结论:基因芯片法检测MTB对SM与EMB耐药性方法具有快速-简单,特异性高,准确性高,可作为MTB的SM与EMB耐药性快速筛选方法-

摘要:目的:微小RNA(microRNA)异常在肿瘤发生发展中起重要作用,本研究探讨microRNA mir219在肝细胞癌中的异常甲基化和异常表达,可能参与肝细胞癌的发生发展过程-方法:采用pyrosequence-TA克隆测序等方法检测正常肝组织-肝细胞癌细胞株和肝癌标本中mir219上游预测启动子区域甲基化, Taqman实时定量RT-PCR测定肿瘤组织表达-结果:与正常肝脏组织相比,肝癌细胞株-肝癌标本中mir219上游预测启动子区域中茎环区和上游1kb区域的CpG岛存在高度甲基化-肝癌细胞株-肝癌标本中mir219表达显著下调,与其异常甲基化相关-结论:肝癌中微小RNA mir219茎环序列上游1094 bp区域存在启动子区异常甲基化,表达下调,提示mir219异常可能在肝细胞癌发生发展中起重要作用,是潜在的抑癌基因-

摘要:目的:观察安博立酸(Ambrolic acid,AmbA)对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖和凋亡的影响,初步探讨AmbA对胃癌的体外抗肿瘤活性-方法:将AmbA作用于SGC-7901细胞株,MTT法测定AmbA对SGC-7901细胞增殖的抑制率;光学显微镜观察AmbA作用引起的细胞形态变化;流式细胞仪检测AmbA作用后细胞凋亡情况及进行细胞周期分析-结果:MTT实验结果表明,AmbA对SGC-7901细胞增殖有抑制作用,其抑制效应具有时间及浓度依赖性;流式细胞仪检测分析表明,AmbA可使细胞阻滞于S期,其作用呈剂量依赖性-结论:AmbA对SGC-7901人胃癌细胞的生长具有明显的抑制作用,其作用的主要途径可能是使细胞阻滞于S期并诱导细胞凋亡-

摘要:目的:通过试制半固体脱钙体系,建立在坚硬-透光性差的骨性材料内部观察-研究荧光基因标记细胞的方法-方法:靶细胞以携带绿色荧光蛋白的重组慢病毒载体标记后,接种于骨性生物支架材料内部;负载荧光细胞的生物材料经多聚甲醛固定后,研究不同脱钙剂对细胞荧光的影响;负载荧光细胞的生物材料经自创的半固体脱钙体系脱钙后,制备冰冻切片,并与塑料包埋切片-常规石蜡切片比较-结果:荧光倒置显微镜可以观察到在生物材料内部生长的绿色荧光细胞-骨性材料在半固体脱钙过程中,荧光倒置显微镜可以观察到,材料中不透光的坚硬钙质成分逐渐消失,而细胞在原位保持形态和荧光;以不脱钙塑料包埋切片为对照,半固体脱钙和随后的冰冻切片可原位精细保持细胞的荧光和形态,且可适用于大块骨性组织-结论:本研究采用自行试制的半固体脱钙体系,可原位保留骨性材料内部生长细胞的位置-形态和荧光,为进行骨性材料内部结构及功能的相关研究提供依据-

摘要:目的:通过建立大鼠肾脏急性缺血再灌注(I/R)及缺血预适应/再灌注(I/P+I/R)模型,初步研究不同的缺血方式后肾脏IκB激酶β(IKKβ)的变化及其与中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)的相互关系-方法:雄性SD大鼠摘除右肾-分离出左肾动脉后随机均分为3组:假手术组(sham组);缺血再灌注组(I/R组);缺血预适应+缺血再灌注组(I/P+I/R组)-分别用生化学检测血清肌酐(Scr)的变化,组织病理学评价肾小管损伤程度评分,用免疫荧光定量分析IKKβ的表达,免疫组织化学染色检测肾脏组织中NGAL的表达,免疫印迹检测肾脏组织中IKKβ-NGAL的表达-结果:Scr水平及肾小管损伤评分提示,I/R组肾脏组织病理改变明显,与sham组比较损伤程度重(P < 0.01);与I/R组比较,I/P+I/R组损伤程度则明显减轻(P < 0.05)-免疫荧光定量分析与免疫印迹检测IKKβ的表达提示,I/P+I/R组的表达明显高于sham组(P < 0.01,P < 0.05);I/R+I/P组较I/R组则明显减少(P < 0.05)-免疫组织化学染色检测与免疫印迹检测NGAL的表达提示,I/P+I/R组的表达明显高于sham组(P < 0.01,P < 0.05);I/R+I/P组较I/R组则明显减少(P < 0.05)-且IKKβ与NGAL两种蛋白的表达呈正相关(P <0.01)-结论:IKKβ参与了肾脏的缺血再灌注损伤,促进了肾损伤标志物NGAL的产生,肾脏缺血预适应抑制IKKβ的激活,减少NGAL的产生,与肾脏保护作用有关-

摘要:目的:筛选心肌缺血相关的蛋白质,以期发现心肌缺血特征性的差异蛋白质或蛋白质群-方法:对模型动物小型猪施行冠脉Ameroid环缩术,通过对模型动物的动态观察,综合评价,并参照WHO冠心病心绞痛诊断标准,明确术后28天符合心肌缺血诊断-术后28天,动物前腔静脉取血,血样处理后进行荧光差异蛋白电泳(2D-DIGE),对差异蛋白点进行MALDI-TOF/TOF分析,获取蛋白样品的肽质量指纹图-结果:共筛选出31个差异表达蛋白质点,其中17个蛋白质点在4周模型组中下调,14个蛋白点上调-对其中15个蛋白点采用质谱技术成功鉴定-白蛋白-血红素蛋白- 烟酸受体在4周模型组中低表达,CH4 and secrete domain of Swine IgM- mutated immunoglobulin heavy chain-肌球蛋白-磷脂酶C-白细胞抗原相关酪蛋白磷酸酶相关蛋白-磷酸核糖焦磷酸相关蛋白-1-Ig gamma 4 chain constant region在4周模型组中高表达-结论:初步发现碱性磷酸酶-肌球蛋白-白细胞抗原相关酪蛋白磷酸酶相关蛋白-磷酸核糖焦磷酸合成酶相关蛋白1-血红素蛋白- 烟酸受体可能与心肌缺血发生发展相关-

摘要:目的:观察较长期酒精处理及戒断后,大鼠背侧纹状体突触可塑性的变化-方法:在大鼠慢性饮酒10-20-30天及戒断后1-3-7天用脑片记录场电位的方法观察背侧纹状体长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)诱导的变化,用透射电镜(TEM)观察突触超微结构的变化-结果:慢性饮酒不同时期对大鼠背侧纹状体LTP的诱导均有阻抑,饮酒10天阻抑作用最强(P < 0.05),饮酒20-30天的阻抑作用逐步减弱(P > 0.05),戒断7天LTP较对照组有反跳性增强(P < 0.05);戒断7天突触界面活性区长度变长-饮酒20-30天组突触间隙宽度变窄-饮酒30天组和撤酒7天组突触后膜致密物质(post synaptic density,PSD)变薄(以上差异均为P < 0.05)-结论:慢性酒精刺激可导致大鼠背侧纹状体突触传递效能和结合特性的改变-

摘要:目的:分离,克隆编码β-Smac的基因,观察胃癌细胞SGC7901中β-Smac基因过表达对顺铂敏感性的影响-方法:从胃癌细胞株SGC7901扩增β-Smac的cDNA-构建含β-Smac基因cDNA的表达载体pcDNA3.1-β-Smac-将pcDNA3.1-β-Smac质粒转入SGC7901细胞;用RT-PCR-Western blot分别从核酸和蛋白水平检测外源基因的表达情况-选用顺铂(0-2-8-12 μg/ml)处理转染pcDNA3.1(对照组)或pcDNA3.1-β-Smac(实验组)48 h后的SGC7901细胞24 h,流式细胞仪分析细胞凋亡百分率- 结果:成功构建了含β-Smac基因的表达质粒,核酸序列分析显示克隆的β-Smac基因序列与GeneBank中登记的β-Smac基因序列100%同源,引入的Flag序列完全正确-同对照组比较,实验组转染24 h后, SGC7901细胞β-Smac mRNA水平明显增高,48 h后Western blot在β-Smac预期位置检测到Flag蛋白特异性条带-顺铂处理24 h后,仅2 μg/ml组显示出实验组和对照组细胞凋亡差异有显著性(P = 0.009),而其余各组间均未显示有统计学差异-结论:成功构建含β-Smac基因序列的重组质粒并转染靶细胞,外源性β-Smac基因过表达后,未显示能显著提高人胃癌细胞株SGC7901对顺铂的敏感性-

摘要:目的:探讨高糖对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β1表达的影响及Resveratrol的干预作用-方法:体外培养大鼠肾小球系膜细胞-①分为正常对照组(NC组,葡萄糖浓度5.6 mmol/L)-高糖组(HG组,葡萄糖浓度30 mmol/L),分别观察24-48-72 h;②分为NC组-HG组-Resveratrol组(Res组,葡萄糖浓度5.6 mmol/L+Resveratrol 20 μmol/L)和高糖+Resveratrol组(HG+Res组,葡萄糖浓度30 mmol/L+Resveratrol 浓度分别为5-10-15-20 μmol/L),各组细胞分别培养48 h-用半定量RT-PCR和 Western blotting法检测细胞内TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达变化-结果:①与NC组相比,HG刺激后大鼠系膜细胞TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达明显增加,差异均有显著性,P值均 < 0.01;②与HG组相比,HG+Resveratrol干预后,大鼠系膜细胞TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达呈浓度依赖性减少,差异均有显著性(P值分别为 < 0.05, < 0.01)-Res组和NC组之间TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达的差异无显著性(P > 0.05)-结论:高糖能上调大鼠肾小球系膜细胞TGF-β1 mRNA和蛋白表达,Resveratrol可能通过抑制高糖引起的系膜细胞TGF-β1高表达而在糖尿病肾病中起治疗作用-

摘要:目的:探讨参附注射液(SFI)对缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)新生大鼠白细胞介素-18(IL-18)和白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)的影响-方法:参照Rice法制备新生大鼠HIBD 模型,将新生7日龄SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(S)-生理盐水对照组(C)-参附治疗组(SF),每组按术后观察时间点不同进一步分为3-12-24 h-6-14天 5个亚组,用ELISA方法检测病变侧脑组织中IL-18- IL-1β水平-结果:C组和SF组IL-1β(12-24 h-6天)-IL-18(24-6-14天)表达水平均较S组升高,其差别均有统计学意义(P < 0.01);IL-1β 在HI后12 h即达到高峰,随后开始下降,14天已降至正常水平-IL-18 在HI后24 h开始增加,6天达到高峰,之后开始下降,14天 仍高于S组(P < 0.01)-SF组IL-1β表达水平在12-24 h-6天较C组降低,其差别均有统计学意义(P < 0.01);SF组IL-18表达水平在24 h-6-14天较C组减少,其差别均有统计学意义(P < 0.01)-结论:HIBD后大鼠病变侧大脑皮层IL-18-IL-1β水平明显升高, 参附注射液(SFI)下调HIBD新生大鼠IL-18和 IL-1β的表达水平,SFI对新生大鼠HIBD有保护作用-

摘要:目的:探讨在激素非依赖性前列腺癌(HRPC)PC3细胞中,内皮素-1(ET-1)刺激对环氧化酶-2(COX-2)表达的影响,以及内皮素受体A(ETAR)与内皮素受体B(ETBR)在此调控通路中的作用-方法:用不同浓度(0.1-1.0-10.0-100.0 nmol/L)ET-1刺激前列腺癌PC3细胞相同时间(24 h);另外用BQ123(ETAR拮抗剂)-BQ788(ETBR拮抗剂)单独作用于PC3细胞或与100 nmol/L ET-1联合作用于细胞24 h-均采用Western blot技术检测细胞中COX-2蛋白含量的变化;采用RT-PCR技术检测细胞中COX-2 mRNA的变化情况-结果:PC3细胞在0.1~100.0 nmol/L浓度的 ET-1刺激后COX-2的蛋白及mRNA表达水平均显著上调,并显示有明显的浓度依赖性-BQ123在蛋白质和mRNA水平均显著抑制ET-1介导的COX-2的上调,与单纯应用ET-1组有显著差别(P < 0.05),BQ788则对ET-1介导的COX-2的表达没有抑制作用(P > 0.05)-结论:在前列腺癌PC3细胞中,ET-1对COX-2的表达有上调作用; ETAR参与了这一调控过程,ETBR可能未参与此过程-这为ETAR拮抗剂和选择性COX-2抑制剂联合应用于HRPC的治疗提供了分子生物学基础-

摘要:目的:建立溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠模型,研究溃克灵(KKL)对大鼠溃疡性结肠炎的治疗作用及对血清白细胞介素-8(IL-8)产生和表达的影响,探讨KKL防治溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制-方法:采用2,4,6一三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)法(100 mg/kg TNBS + 50%的乙醇0.25 ml)灌肠复制出溃疡性结肠炎大鼠模型-将72只大鼠随机分为正常组-模型组-柳氮磺吡啶(SASP)组-KKL大-中-小剂量组,观察结肠大体形态损伤-组织学变化,ELISA法测定各组大鼠血清IL-8水平-结果:与模型组相比,KKL各组-SASP组结肠大体形态损伤-组织学变化显著改善,血清IL-8水平显著降低(P < 0.01)-结论:溃克灵对大鼠UC有显著的治疗作用,抑制促炎因子IL-8的产生和表达可能是其治疗机制之一-

摘要:目的:检测肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma,RCC)组织中波形蛋白(vimentin)的表达,研究其表达水平与肿瘤临床病理特征及临床转归的相关性-方法:收集行肾根治性切除术并经病理证实为肾细胞癌的103例病例(92例为透明细胞癌,11例为乳头状细胞癌),平均随访时间为51.2个月,通过Western Blot检测肿瘤标本中vimentin蛋白的表达情况,对肿瘤大小-分期-分级-转移及生存率等临床病理资料与vimentin表达水平的相关性行统计学分析-结果:肾癌中vimentin蛋白的表达水平与非肿瘤组织相比显著增加,并且与肿瘤大小(P = 0.002)-转移(P < 0.001)-pT分期(P < 0.001)-分级(P < 0.001)-存活率(95.8% vs 72.7%,P = 0.002)有相关性-单变量分析显示vimentin的表达水平对肾细胞癌发展及预后具有预测意义(P < 0.05)-结论:本研究的结果显示vimentin的高表达与肾细胞癌的进展呈正相关,检测vimentin表达水平可用于肾癌分期-分级及预后判断-

摘要:目的:用目前常用的干细胞分离方法对正常SD大鼠的胰腺成体干细胞进行分离-培养和鉴定,为胰腺癌干细胞的进一步研究奠定基础-方法:选取正常SD大鼠胰腺用胶原酶P消化分离,并用低血清无糖培养基纯化胰腺细胞,以RT-PCR,免疫组化和Western blot方法鉴定胰腺成体干细胞标志物巢蛋白(nestin)并通过RT-PCR证明细胞中存在ABCG2(ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2)-结果:成功分离到所需胰腺成体干细胞,并通过以上3种方法证明分离所得细胞表达巢蛋白-结论:以胶原酶P作为消化液,低血清无糖培养作为分离方法能够成功的从正常胰腺中分离得胰腺成体干细胞-

摘要:目的:研究β2肾上腺素受体阻滞剂对雌激素刺激大鼠成骨细胞分化与增殖的影响-方法:将不同浓度的β2肾上腺素受体阻滞剂(ICI118551)加入含雌激素(17β-E2)培养的第2代大鼠成骨细胞中,分别于培养3-6-9-12天时,使用PNPP法和放免方法检测成骨细胞培养基中的碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和骨钙素含量,并用MTT法检测成骨细胞的增殖率-结果:ICI118551可提高雌激素刺激成骨细胞培养上清中碱性磷酸酶浓度促进细胞增殖,尤其当其浓度为10-5及10-6mol/L时,但对成骨细胞培养上清中骨钙素水平的影响不显著-结论:β2肾上腺素受体阻滞剂能够显著促进雌激素刺激大鼠成骨细胞的释放和增殖作用-

摘要:目的:探讨真核起始因子4E(eIF-4E)结合蛋白1(4E-BP1)-核糖体40S小亚基S6K蛋白激酶p70S6K 在RAD001抑制胃癌MKN-28-N-87细胞生长中的作用-方法:体外培养人胃癌MKN-28-N-87细胞,给予RAD001干预后通过细胞计数-流式细胞术-Western-blot检测肿瘤细胞生长-细胞周期分布及p70S6k-4E-BP1蛋白表达及磷酸化情况-结果:细胞计数结果显示RAD001作用于胃癌细胞株MKN-28,N-87 24 h即开始出现对细胞生长的抑制作用,随着作用时间延长至48-72 h,抑制作用逐渐增强-流式细胞术结果显示RAD001作用24 h后MKN-28-N-87细胞株细胞周期发生改变,停滞在G0~G1期细胞比例增加,在实验中显示细胞系N87对于RAD001作用相对敏感-Western-blot结果显示RAD001作用24 h后MKN-28-N-87的4E-BP1和p70S6K表达下降,同时去磷酸化-结论:RAD001是通过抑制mTOR 的活性,进而阻断4E-BP1 及p70S6K的磷酸化和蛋白质翻译进而调节着细胞周期以发挥抑制胃癌细胞生长的作用-

摘要:目的:研究食管鳞癌中ITGA6(integrin α6)-CTHRC1(collagen triple helix repeat containing 1)基因的表达,并探讨其与食管鳞癌临床病理参数之间的关系-方法:应用免疫组化S-P法分析46例人食管鳞癌组织及10例食管正常组织中ITGA6-CTHRC1蛋白的表达情况-结果:①ITGA6-CTHRC1在食管鳞癌组织中有增强表达,表达率分别为71.7%(33/46)和56.5%(26/46),而在10例正常食管组织中均未见表达-②ITGA6-CTHRC1在淋巴结转移组中的阳性表达率显著高于无淋巴结转移组(P < 0.05)-③ITGA6-CTHRC1表达与年龄-性别-肿瘤大小及病理类型无明显相关性(P > 0.05)-结论:ITGA6-CTHRC1可能与食管鳞癌侵袭-转移相关,有望成为食管鳞癌新的治疗靶点-

摘要:目的:运用二维超声斑点追踪技术评价经皮室间隔封堵术前后患者心脏扭转运动的变化-方法:检测18例室间隔缺损患者封堵术前-术后第3天-术后1个月-术后3个月的常规心脏二维多普勒超声参数,并运用二维斑点追踪技术对患者的左心室旋转及扭转运动进行分析,以探讨室间隔缺损封堵术对其心脏扭转运动的影响-结果:封堵术后第3天,舒张期末左室内径(LVEDd)-左室舒张末容积(LVEDV)较术前减低较明显,左心室的基底部-心尖部的旋转角度及整体的扭转运动的角度较术前稍有减低-术后1个月-术后3个月,LVEDd-LVEDV较术前仍有降低,但降低的程度有减小的趋势;而左心室的基底部-心尖部的旋转角度及整体的扭转运动的角度仍有降低,降低的程度以术后1个月最明显,以后降低程度减小-患者封堵术前-术后第3天-术后1个月-术后3个月的LVEF稍有改变,但差异无统计学意义-无论是封堵术前-术后第3天-术后1个月-还是术后3个月,病人的左心室的基底部-心尖部的旋转角度峰值及整体的扭转运动的角度峰值均和LVEF呈线性相关,且以左室整体的扭转运动的角度峰值和LVEF的相关性最好-结论:经皮室间隔缺损封堵术通过逆转左室的重构而改善左室的扭转运动,且左室整体的扭转运动与LVEF的相关性最好-

摘要:目的:探讨细胞游离DNA含量及DNA 完整性在良恶性胸腹水中的临床意义-方法:应用实时ALU-qPCR(115 bp-247 bp)方法分析28例良性胸腹水患者和38例恶性胸腹水患者的胸腹水中细胞游离DNA含量以及DNA完整性的情况-结果:ALU247片段含量在良恶性胸腹水组中有统计学差异 (P < 0.05),但ALU115片段在两组中并无统计学差异(P > 0.05);恶性胸腹水中DNA 完整性明显高于良性对照组(P < 0.05)-DNA 完整性的ROC曲线下面积为0.716(P < 0.01)-结论:恶性胸腹水有较高的ALU247片度含量以及DNA 完整性,其中DNA 完整性可能是一个很有价值的诊断指标-

摘要:目的:观察规范化血压管理与治疗对急性脑出血(基底节区)预后的影响,探讨分期和规范化管理血压的可行性-方法:对发病12 h内入院的脑出血(基底节区)患者随机分组,记录患者95版中国脑卒中临床神经功能缺损程度评分量表(简C表)-斯堪的那维亚卒中量表(scandinavian stroke scale,SSS,简S表)神经功能评分的均数变化(入院-1周-2周-3个月),用“预先设定血压目标范围”和“分期-选药-联合-全面达标”原则控制血压(规范的血压管理治疗)为研究因素,比较治疗组(规范的血压管理治疗,n = 41)与对照组(传统血压管理治疗,n = 41)3个月内的转归变化-结果:①3个月内治疗组的病死率低于对照组(P < 0.01),治疗有效率高于对照(P < 0.01);②治疗2周后,治疗组神经功能评分较对照组比较差异显著(C表2周-3个月, P < 0.01;S表2周-3个月,P < 0.01);③治疗组和对照组分别与入院时配伍比较,神经功能评分均有显著差异(P < 0.01),表明两种治疗均有疗效-但治疗效果与入院评分不相关(P > 0.05);④回归分析表明:神经功能保留情况(3个月时与入院时c评分差值)与年龄-性别及入院时出血量之间均无线性关系-结论:对脑出血(基底节区)进行规范的血压管理是可行的;本次研究中接受规范化血压管理治疗方案的患者更受益-

摘要:目的:观察比索洛尔对老年高血压患者舒张性心力衰竭(DHF)的临床疗效-方法:入选老年高血压患者83例,按纽约心脏协会(NYHA)心功能分级Ⅱ~Ⅳ级,主要表现为舒张功能不全,随机分成比索洛尔干预组42例及对照组41例,两组患者均给予抗高血压及抗心力衰竭(CHF)的常规治疗,但对照组不用β受体阻滞剂-比索洛尔干预组患者加用比索洛尔1.25~10.00mg/d,疗程6个月-比较两组患者治疗前后NYHA心功能分级及左室超声舒张功能指标改善情况-结果:比索洛尔干预组总有效率为95%;对照组总有效率为80%,两组比较有显著性差异(P < 0.05)-治疗后左室等容松弛减慢指标等容舒张时间(IVRT);左室早期充盈减慢指标二尖瓣舒张早期血流最大速度E峰-舒张早期和晚期充盈速度比值(E/A),E峰减速时间(DT);以及左室前后径(LAD),收缩压-舒张压-心率(HR)等左心室舒张功能指标明显优于治疗前(P < 0.01);比索洛尔干预组IVRT-E-E/A-DT-LAD-HR等改善明显优于对照组-结论:比索洛尔治疗老年高血压患者的舒张性心力衰竭可显著降低心率-降压,改善心功能分级和左室舒张功能-

摘要:目的:对多发性肌炎/皮肌炎(PM/DM)的预后及死亡因素进行相关分析-方法:对64例PM/DM患者进行10年以上追踪随访,以观察其发病年龄-性别-病种(PM/DM)-实验室检查-伴发的系统损害以及是否伴有恶性肿瘤等因素对预后及死亡的影响-结果:随访期间共死亡20 例,病死率31.25 %-5年生存率为78.13%,10年生存率为68.75%-发病年龄-性别-病种-血沉(ESR)-肌酸激酶(CK)-联合运用免疫抑制剂治疗6个因素与预后及死亡无相关性(均P >0.05)-而恶性肿瘤-肺间质病变与预后及死亡有显著相关性(均P <0.01)-结论:PM 和DM预后及影响预后的因素国内外文献报道不多且结论不一 ,本组死亡的主要原因为肺间质病变伴感染和恶性肿瘤-

摘要:目的:了解慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者的肝组织病理改变-乙型肝炎再激活率等-方法:对无锡地区220例慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者进行了为期5年的临床症状-组织学-病毒学及血清病毒标志物等的动态观察研究-结果:220例慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者按HBeAg阳性和抗-HBe阳性分组,2组炎症活动度轻重进行等级资料的秩和检验,差别有统计学意义(P < 0.05),抗-HBe阳性组炎症重于HBeAg阳性组;2组纤维化程度轻重进行秩和检验,差别有统计学意义(P < 0.05),抗-HBe阳性组纤维化重于HBeAg阳性组-按年龄分组,<40岁组及≥40岁组,2组间炎症活动度轻(G0-1)重(≥ G2)比较,差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)-2组纤维化程度轻(S0-1)重(≥ S2)比较,差异有明显统计学意义(P < 0.01),≥40岁组纤维化明显重于 < 40岁组-5年间,220例中有35例出现乙型肝炎再激活,占总数的15.9%(35/220),其中肝脏病理有明显炎症者(≥ G2)乙型肝炎再激活率为27%(33/122),而原肝组织炎症为G0 ~ G1者再激活率为2%(2/98),两者比较差异有明显统计学意义(P < 0.01),肝脏病理高炎症者(≥ G2)再激活率明显高于低炎症者-35例乙型肝炎再激活患者中≥40岁占27例(77.1%),显示年龄与乙型肝炎病毒携带者再激活率有明显相关性(P < 0.01),≥40岁组再激活率明显高于 < 40岁组,而性别与再激活率无相关性-56例行2次肝活检,23例行3次肝活检,原(第1次肝活检)肝组织正常者几年内相对稳定,病理很少变化,原病理炎症较重者不易恢复,但可以在小范围内波动-结论:慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者肝脏病理55%有明显异常(炎症≥ G2),乙型肝炎再激活率与肝脏炎症分级及年龄密切相关-

摘要:目的:比较胰腺癌患者与健康志愿者血清蛋白的差异以寻找候选血清肿瘤标志物,为胰腺癌早期诊断提供依据-方法:通过免疫亲合柱去除丰度最高的14种血清蛋白,用双向电泳分离蛋白并比较差异-选取在胰腺癌患者血清中明显差异表达蛋白点,行质谱鉴定和生物信息学分析-结果:建立了稳定性-重复性良好的凝胶蛋白图谱-对筛选出的在胰腺癌患者血清中明显差异表达的78个蛋白点,共有54个蛋白点被成功鉴定,其中胰腺癌患者血清中高表达者29个,低表达者25个-结论:胰腺癌患者-健康志愿者血清蛋白之间存在明显差异,通过蛋白质组学方法可筛选并鉴定出这些差异蛋白,后者有望为早期诊断胰腺癌提供依据-

摘要:目的:探讨2003年4月-2008年1月应用单侧椎弓根穿刺经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中骨水泥渗漏原因,防治骨水泥渗漏-方法:本组43例患者,男27例,女16例;年龄65~92岁,平均67.7岁;均为骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折,共66个椎体,采用单侧椎弓根穿刺经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术,最多一次穿刺四个椎体-根据X线片对骨水泥渗漏的原因分析-结果:全部病例疼痛完全解除或者有明显缓解,66个椎体共5个椎体发生骨水泥渗漏,发生率7.6%,所有病例均随访6个月以上,无不良后果发生-结论:单侧椎弓根穿刺经皮球囊扩张椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折是一种有效-安全的微创手术,能够迅速地改善临床症状,骨水泥渗漏是其主要并发症,但一般无不良后果发生,只要病例选择合适,手术操作规范,骨水泥渗漏是可以避免的-

摘要:目的:探讨妊娠相关血浆蛋白A(PAPP-A)基因多态性与子痫前期的相关性-方法:采用聚合酶链反应-单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)对129例子痫前期患者(轻度子痫前期64例,重度子痫前期65例)和137例同期入院产检并在南京医科大学第一附属医院分娩的正常孕妇,进行PAPP-A基因位点S1224Y(A/C)(dbSNP: rs7020782)多态性的分析,比较各基因型及等位基因的频率在子痫前期组和正常组间-重度子痫前期组和轻度子痫前期组间的差别-结果:AC基因型频率在子痫前期组(44.2%)高于对照组(31.4%,P﹤0.05);AC基因型频率在重度子痫前期组(75.4%)明显高于轻度子痫前期组(12.5%,P﹤0.001);C等位基因频率在重度子痫前期组(40.8%)明显高于轻度子痫前期组(18.7%,P < 0.001)-结论:PAPP-A基因位点S1224Y(A/C)的AC基因型,C等位基因可能是子痫前期的重要遗传危险因素,并与病情的严重程度相关-

摘要:目的:探讨阴道超声测量子宫内膜厚度对预测异位妊娠的应用价值-方法:采用阴道超声及血β2HCG对626例异位妊娠疑似患者随访比较,同时观察子宫内膜厚度-结果:626例异位妊娠疑似患者中427例确诊为异位妊娠,97例为自然流产,102例为宫内孕-测得异位妊娠-自然流产及正常宫内孕内膜厚度分别为(7.95 ± 1.12)mm-(11.16 ± 1.89)mm-(12.15 ± 1.65)mm,异位妊娠与宫内孕分别相比,子宫内膜厚度之间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),而其他内部比较差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)-结论:超声测定子宫内膜厚度对预测异位妊娠患者具有参考价值-

摘要:目的:探讨腔镜下深筋膜下交通静脉结扎术对较严重的慢性静脉功能不全患者治疗的效果-方法:较严重慢性静脉功能不全患者共122例,每位患者随访时间为3~4个月-其中58例单纯行大隐静脉高位结扎+抽剥术(B组),64例行大隐静脉高位结扎+抽剥术+腔镜下深筋膜下交通静脉结扎术(SEPS)(A组)-结果:症状改善和分级提高的比较,两组无统计学差异(P > 0.05)-相关并发症的比较,除静脉曲张复发(P < 0.05)以外,均无统计学差异(P > 0.05)-术后住院日的比较,两组无统计学差异(P > 0.05)-溃疡愈合率的比较,两组无统计学差异(P > 0.05);愈合时间的比较,两者有显著差异(P < 0.001);复发率的比较,两者有显著差异(P < 0.05)-结论:SEPS治疗效果满意-术后并发症少,具有较好的临床应用价值和推广前景-

摘要:目的:研究局部表面麻醉在逆行输尿管硬镜治疗输尿管结石中的可行性-方法:收集逆行硬性输尿管镜治疗输尿管结石3 637例-分为采用持续硬膜外麻醉-骶麻或腰麻称为椎管内麻醉(IA)阶段和基本采用局部麻醉(LA)辅以镇痛剂(盐酸哌替啶)阶段-回顾性分析两者在1次手术成功率-手术并发症-麻醉并发症-疼痛评分-麻醉耐受(有效性)-手术时间,疾病治疗时间-可比的治疗费用等并进行比较-结果:在麻醉耐受度-手术成功率-手术时间-手术并发症等方面二者无明显差异(P > 0.05)-而在疼痛评分-疾病治疗时间-可比的治疗费用有显著差异,LA组的疼痛评分较IA组高(P < 0.05),麻醉并发症发生率-治疗时间和可比治疗费用LA组远低于IA组(P < 0.01)-结论:局部表面麻醉下逆行输尿管硬镜治疗输尿管结石可以作为一种较为安全-有效-可行-治疗费用低廉的方法,术中疼痛可一定程度降低手术并发症-

摘要:目的:探讨胸腺瘤合并重症肌无力(MG)患者手术的安全性和治愈率,总结其临床经验-方法:1997年8月至2008年8月收治胸腺瘤合并MG患者39例,术前均给予抗胆碱酯酶及激素治疗,病情稳定后经胸骨正中切口行胸腺扩大切除术,术后给予呼吸机支持及药物等治疗-结果:全组无手术死亡,术后未发生肌无力及胆碱能危象,痊愈出院-随访30例,失访9例,随访时间3个月~5年,缓解25例(83.3%),明显改善5例(16.7%)-结论:在胸腺瘤合并MG患者的手术治疗中,完整良好的术前评估,完全而彻底的胸腺瘤切除及前纵隔脂肪组织清除,围术期抗胆碱酯酶及激素治疗,呼吸机支持治疗是防止手术并发症及危象发生的关键-

摘要:目的:探讨64排螺旋CT检查肾积水的评价-方法:对临床疑诊肾积水的52例患者行64排螺旋CT容积扫描及尿路三维重建-结果:52例患者均有不同程度肾盂积水及部分输尿管扩张,其中肾盂输尿管连接部良性狭窄4例,巨输尿管1例,腔静脉后输尿管4例,输尿管结石18 例,输尿管结核3 例,输尿管癌8例-腹膜后纤维化3例-CT图像不仅能清晰显示肾积水的程度,还可以明确输尿管梗阻的部位及原因-结论:64排螺旋CT是评价肾积水程度及梗阻原因的重要影像学方法-

摘要:目的:评价氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛联合异丙酚-瑞芬太尼静脉麻醉在小儿疝修补术中的麻醉效果-方法:年龄3~7岁-拟择期行疝修补术的患儿90例,ASA Ⅰ级,随机分为氯胺酮组(K组)-丙泊酚复合瑞芬太尼组(P组)和氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛联合异丙酚-瑞芬太尼组(F组),每组30例-记录术前-切皮-缝合皮肤时的心率(HR),记录患儿停药后清醒时间,随访术后2 h烦躁发生率-结果:K组患儿切皮和缝合皮肤时心率较切皮前增高,同时亦高于同时点的P组和F组心率(P < 0.05)-停药后P组-F组苏醒时间短于K组(P < 0.05)-在术后2 h,P组烦躁发生率较K组-F组增高(P < 0.05)-结论:氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛联合异丙酚-瑞芬太尼麻醉用于小儿疝修补术,苏醒快,术后烦躁发生率低,可以常规使用-

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摘要:目的:探讨孕早期胎儿颈部透明层(NT)增厚在产前超声筛查染色体异常(特别是21-三体综合征)中的价值-方法:检索Cochrane图书馆-PubMed-OVID-Springer数据库-中国期刊网和中国生物医学文献数据库(1990年1月至2008年8月)中的中英文文献,按照诊断试验的纳入标准筛选文献,收集所有相关的诊断试验文献,应用Meta-DiSc 1.4软件对符合条件的研究结果进行Meta分析-结果:共纳入文献14篇,检查胎儿共计162 992人-11篇文献对孕早期胎儿NT≥第95百分位对染色体异常的诊断价值进行了分析,汇总灵敏度-特异性和曲线下面积(AUC)分别为78.8%-92.1%和0.891;12篇文献对孕早期胎儿NT≥第95百分位对21-三体综合征的诊断价值进行了分析,汇总灵敏度-特异性和AUC分别为81.3%-92.6%和0.883-结论:孕早期NT增厚对染色体异常(特别是21-三体综合征)产前诊断的敏感性-特异性和诊断的准确性均较高,可用于孕早期染色体异常的产前筛查-

摘要:目的:建立了一种单管等位基因特异性扩增法同时测定多重单核苷酸多态性(SNP)-方法:以TYR基因外显子1上的3个SNP位点(71G > A-425A > T和758G > A)为例,首先采用PCR预扩增得一段含所有待测SNP位点的长片段;然后用限制性内切酶将其消化成短片段,在连接酶的作用下与设计的DNA适配器相连;以此连接产物为模板,在单个PCR管中加入一种适配器特异性通用引物和所有等位基因特异性引物进行PCR扩增;最后用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法分离检测PCR扩增产物,并根据扩增片段的大小判断SNP的类型-结果:采用该法成功测定了30名健康中国人的TYR基因中的3个SNP位点,与限制性片段长度多态性法(RFLP)测定结果完全一致-结论:该方法特异性高-结果准确-检测成本低,可用于同时测定多个SNP位点-

摘要:目的:建立用微波消解-冷原子吸收法测定螺旋藻粉中的痕量汞的方法-方法:螺旋藻粉样品经过微波消解后,其中的汞被氧化为离子状态的汞,利用冷原子吸收测汞仪对样品进行测定-结果:汞浓度在0~5.00 -滋g/L的范围内具有较好的线性,相关系数达到0.9999,方法检出限为0.013 -滋g/L,且对国家一级标准物质贻贝(GBW08571)的验证结果与标准值吻合,回收率为90%-108%,样品测定相对标准偏差为4.7%-结论:微波消解-冷原子吸收法灵敏度高,操作简单快捷,结果可靠,适合于测定螺旋藻粉中的痕量汞-

摘要:目的:观察医用臭氧不同注射方式对兔腰椎间盘正常髓核的作用以及安全性-方法:家兔20只,于透视下用20 G 儿童穿刺针刺入家兔腰椎间盘中心部,抽取5 ml浓度为40 μg/ml臭氧,经穿刺针注入3 ml,在椎间孔处将剩余气体注入椎旁组织-其中L4~5为椎间盘内单点注射,L5~6为椎间盘内多点注射,以L3~4椎间盘作为正常对照-20只兔注射臭氧1次,分别在术后1-2-3-4周后处死取标本,将实验和正常对照标本中椎间盘髓核作大体-光镜下观察,并对光镜下髓核内细胞计数行统计学分析-结果:术后实验动物均无严重的行为异常-各手术腰椎间盘术后1周腰椎间盘髓核水分明显减少,外形萎缩,4周髓核干涸,完全呈灰白色干酪样-多点注射组髓核内细胞计数比较单点注射组明显减少,两者差异具有显著性-结论:本研究显示椎间盘内40 μg/ml臭氧注射安全性较好,臭氧对髓核缓慢萎缩作用多点注射强于单点注射方式,为该技术在临床的应用提供了实验依据-