Objective：To compare the short - term efficacy of laparoscopic enucleation versus anatomical resection for hepatic hemangiomas（HH）in the right posterior lobe. Methods：A total of 58 patients with HH in the right posterior lobe from the Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to August 2024 were selected，and divided into an enucleation group （28 cases）and a resection group（30 cases）. Surgery-related indicators were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results： There were no statistically significant differences in preoperative data between the two groups（all P ＞0.05）. The enucleation group had better results in operation time（158.9±25.0）min，intraoperative blood loss（306.4±81.5）mL，and total postoperative drainage volume （422.4±100.0）mL compared to the resection group[（189.6±66.8）min，（378.8±154.5）mL，（732.5±318.0）mL，all P ＜ 0.05]. On the first postoperative day，the liver function indexes of the enucleation group，including serum aspartate aminotransferase（AST），alanine aminotransferase（ALT），and total bilirubin（TBIL）levels，were（356.4 ± 70.8）U/L，（369.1 ± 22.2）U/L，and（21.6 ± 4.1）μmol/L， respectively，which were significantly lower than those of the resection group[（392.8±55.1）U/L，（405.5±35.9）U/L，（25.9±6.8）μmol/L， P ＜ 0.05]；there were no significant differences in postoperative inflammatory indicators or the total incidence of complications between the two groups（all P ＞ 0.05）. Conclusion：Both laparoscopic enucleation and anatomical resection are effective，but enucleation has the advantages of shorter operation time，less bleeding，and less impact on liver function. The clinical surgical plan should be selected according to the specific situation.