Objective：This study aims to verify the anti-inflammatory effect of baicalin（BA）in an inflammatory environment and explore its influence on the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells（hDPSC），providing a reference for the vital pulp therapy of pulpitis. Methods：Select the early inflammatory pulp tissue of the human teeth for making frozen sections and conducting HE staining，interleukin（IL）-1β immunohistochemical staining，as well as IL-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS） immunofluorescence staining. Human monocyte leukemia cells（THP-1）were differentiated into macrophages and polarized to the M1 subtype under the induction of lipopolysaccharide（LPS）and interferon-γ（IFN-γ）. Then，cells were treated with BA（50 μmol/L）， the expression levels of iNOS，IL-1β，and IL-8 were analyzed using immunofluorescence，real-time quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR），and Western blot. Additionally，the expression changes of LC3B，Beclin-1，and P62 were assessed by Western blot to monitor autophagic flux alterations in macrophages. To further investigate the relationship between inflammation inhibition and autophagy，we employed the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA to block autophagic flux and re-evaluated the expression changes of IL-1β and IL-8. Supernatants from macrophages cultured under various conditions were collected，and the conditioned medium was prepared and added to mineralized hDPSC. The odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation ability of hDPSC in an inflammatory environment was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase ALP staining，alizarin reds（ARS）staining，RT - PCR，and Western blot. Results：The expression of IL - 1β and iNOS around the inflammatory area of early pulpitis tissue was significantly increased. After induced by LPS and IFN-γ，macrophages were polarized from M0 to M1，and the expressions of iNOS，IL-1β and IL-8 significantly increased. After co-incubation with 50 μmol/L BA for 24 hours，the polarization degree of M1 macrophages significantly decreased，the mRNA levels of IL - 1β and IL - 8 significantly decreased compared with the M1 group. Compared with the M1 group，the expressions of LC3B -Ⅱ and Beclin -1 increased after the addition of BA，while the expression of P62 was inhibited. After 3 - MA blocked autophagy，the mRNA levels of IL - 1β and IL - 8 significantly increased. After adding the supernatant of M1 macrophages to hDPSC and inducing mineralization for 7~21 days，the ALP activity of hDPSC decreased，the calcium salt deposition significantly reduced，and the expressions of ALP，DSPP，RUNX2，OPN and COL - 1 significantly decreased. When adding the supernatant of M1 macrophages treated with BA，the ALP activity of hDPSC significantly increased，the calcium salt deposition significantly increased，and the expressions of ALP，DSPP，RUNX2，OPN and COL-1 significantly increased. Conclusion：BA can inhibit inflammatory responses by activating autophagy，thereby enabling hDPSC to function in an inflammatory microenvironment.