Objective:To prepare a new combined liver-kidney transplantation(LKT) model in rats and to investigate the protective role of the transplanted liver from transplanted kidney. Methods:In the donor operation,the liver and left kidney were flushed with 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer’s injected through portal vein and aorta,respectively. The superior hepatic vena cava was sutured. A patch of aorta attached to the donor kidney were anastomised to aorta between the donor and the recipient. The ureter and bile duct were anastomised using a simple inside bracket. The parameters of 3 groups were compared,such as survival time,renal function,pathology of the transplanted kidney. Results:The anhepatic duration of recipient was the same as that in Kanada’s method of liver transplantation with a relatively fewer hemodynamic changes and with a higher survival rate. The survival time of LKT recipients was much longer than kidney transplantation recipients(P < 0.05), but similar to liver transplantation recipients(P > 0.05). The concentration of blood urea nitrogen and creatine of combined transplantation group was greater than that of renal transplantation group(P < 0.05). The rejection of the latter was more serious than that of combined transplantation group. Conclusion:This technique of preparing simultaneous liver and kidney transplantation model in rats was feasible, and the simultaneously transplanted liver could protect kidney from rejection.