Objective:To explore the relationship among apolipoprotein E(ApoE) genetic polymorphism,the carotid atherosclerosis(CAS) and the produce of related inflammatory factors. Methods:Total 83 patients were examined by B-mode ultrasound to measure intima-media thickness(IMT) of the common carotid artery and plaque formation. According to the results of B-mode ultrasound examination,the patients were divided into the carotid atherosclerosis group and control group. The polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism technology(PCR-RFLP) was used to detect ApoE genotype; Serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol (TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and inflammatory factors were measured. Results:The frequency of ε3/4 in CAS group was higher than that in control group(P < O.05). The values of TC,LDL-C,TG,carotid IMT,Hs-CRP and fibrinogen among different groups of ApoE allele were significantly different(P < O.05),and the value of these parameters in the group carrying ε4 allele ranked the highest among all genetic polymorphism. Conclusion:ApoE genetic polymorphism was one of the important genetic factors affecting serum total cholesterol and LDL-C level. Meanwhile correlating with the state of inflammation in vivo,ApoE genetic polymorphism also affected CAS process in a certain extent.