Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of hypertension self-management program in Nanjing. Methods:A community-based randomly controlled trial was taken. A total of 738 voluntary participants with hypertension were randomly divided as trial group and control group. The patients in the trial group received the education of hypertension self-management program for 9 months. Then the changes in self-management of behaviors,health condition,health service utilization,occurrence of cardiovascular disease and complications between the two groups were compared. Results:There were significant differences in practice of cognitive symptom management,communication with physician and self-efficacies of management of symptom between the two groups (P < 0.01). There were also significant differences in scores of nine items of health status,times of clinic and emergent visit(P < 0.05),blood pressure,body weight,waist circumference,obesity index and cardiac function classification,etc(P < 0.05),There were statistically significant significances in complications,ECG left ventricular high voltage and retinal arteriosclerosis intervention(P < 0.05). Conclusion:Nine-month implementation of hypertension self-management program can improve the knowledge of self-management,cultivate healthy behavior,partly improve physical and mental health condition and self-efficacy,reduce the frequencies of clinic and emergent doctor visiting for the participators.