Objective:To investigate the application value of renal dynamic imaging and serum cystatin C (Cys C) for kidney function evaluation in patients with hydronephrosis. Methods:A total of 72 patients with hydroperinephrosis and 15 healthy people was retrospectively studied in our hospital from May 2011 to July 2015. All patients accepted 99Tcm-DTPA renal dynamic imaging (Renal imaging) and serum cystatin C examinatioin for GFR calculation with rGFR as gold standard. Results:The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 99Tcm-DTPA renal dynamic imaging for hydroperinephrosis was 100%. There was no significant difference between I-GFR and rGFR in mild hydroperinephrosis goup while C-GFR was higher than rGFR. The I-GFR value was higer than rGFR in patients with moderate hydroperinephrosis while it was lower than rGFR in patients with severe hydroperinephrosis. There was no significant difference between C-GFR and rGFR in patients with moderate or severe hydroperinephrosis. 99Tcm-DTPA renal dynamic imaging,quantifying GFR of the kidney without hydroperinephros is and it also can effectively evaluate GFR of the kidney with hydroperinephros is when combined with serum Cys C. Conclusion:Renal dynamic imaging has great advantage for early dectction and GFR evaluation of the healthy kidney in patients with hydroperinephros. And it has great potential for precise GFR evaluation of the separate kidney in patients with moderate to severe hydroperinephros when combined with serum Cys C.