Objective：To explore the distributions of PNPLA7 in different tissues of mouse under different nutritional status and its expression levels in the process of adipocyte differentiation as well as insulin or fatty acids treatment on adipocytes. Methods：The distributions of PNPLA7 in different tissues and cell lines were preliminarily analyzed using bioinformatics，and the expressions of PNPLA7 in different tissues of mouse under different nutritional status were further identified by real time PCR. In addition，3T3-L1 cells were induced for differentiation and then the PNPLA7 expressions in the process of differentiation and in the mature adipocytes treated with insulin or fatty acids were detected by real time PCR and Western blot. Results：PNPLA7 was mainly expressed in active metabolic tissues or cells. The expression level of PNPLA7 in adipocytes under starvation was higher than that in normal diet，but became lower when re-fed after starvation status. The expression level was down-regulated in insulin treatment and up-regulated in oleic acids treatment. Besides，the expression of PNPLA7 was down-regulated in the early stage and up-regulated in the later stage of 3T3-L1 cells differentiation. Conclusion：PNPLA7 is enriched in adipocytes and its expression level changes from down-regulation to up-regulation during the adipocyte differentiation. Besides，its expression is regulated by insulin and oil acids.