DSM?5 personality replacement model，which have diagnosis and evaluation of pathological personality function， has be used in diagnosis and treatment. In this paper， the general information questionnaire and personality replacement model scale were used to conduct a questionnaire survey on students from three colleges in Jiangsu province. The study found that there were statistical differences between male and female college students in deception（t= 3.524）， anxiety（t=-3.207）， depression（t=-2.292）， situational transfer （t=-3.088）， mood variability（t=-8.242）， hostility（t=-2.367）， avoidance of intimacy（t=-9.533）， irresponsibility（t=-3.169）， obedience（t=2.033）， unusual belief（t=2.856）， withdrawal（t=-2.487）， and impulsiveness（t=-6.166）， all with P < 0.05. There were no significant gender differences in other personality traits. The gender differences in the personality dimensions of negative emotion（t=-3.173）， separation（t=-3.893） and disinhibition（t=-4.022） were statistically significant， all P < 0.01， and there was no statistical difference in psychosis and confrontation. The gender differences among college students with different family income levels， college students with different self?rated health conditions， and college students with parents with different educational levels are not uniform. The conclusion is that there are gender differences in personality and personality dimensions， which are affected by parents’ educational level， family economic income level and their own health.