Page 157 - 南京医科大学学报自然科学版
P. 157

第41卷第6期               叶宁珍,赵绍杰,王高莹,等. 外泌体miRNA在妇产科疾病中的研究进展[J].
                  2021年6月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2021,41(06):932-936                       ·935 ·


                着极高的敏感性,因此miR145有希望作为一个潜在                        [7] BARTEL D P. MicroRNAs[J]. Cell,2004,116(2):281-
                的卵巢癌生物标志物。外泌体不仅可以作为生物                                  297
                标志物,还通过参与改变免疫微环境从而导致肿瘤                           [8] GALLO A,TANDON M,ALEVIZOS I,et al. The majority
                的发生。Zhou等      [27] 研究发现,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞分                     of microRNAs detectable in serum and saliva is concen⁃
                                                                       trated in exosomes[J]. PLoS One,2012,7(3):e30679
                泌miR⁃29a⁃3p以及miR⁃21⁃5p作用于T淋巴细胞,使
                                                                 [9] SCHWARZENBACH H,HOON D S,PANTEL K. Cell ⁃
                得卵巢癌组织中调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)/辅助性T
                                                                       free nucleic acids as biomarkers in cancer patients[J].
                淋巴细胞(Th17)比例明显升高,导致T细胞失衡,从
                                                                       Nat Rev Cancer,2011,11(6):426-437
                而造成了微环境的免疫抑制,最终促进卵巢上皮性                           [10] BAGNOLI M,CANEVARI S,CALIFANO D,et al. Devel⁃
                恶性肿瘤的发生。因此通过抑制 miR⁃29a⁃3p 以及                           opment and validation of a microRNA ⁃ based signature
                miR⁃21⁃5p的分泌,阻断肿瘤相关巨噬细胞以及T淋                           (MiROvaR)to predict early relapse or progression of epi⁃
                巴细胞之间的相互作用也许可以为治疗卵巢上皮                                  thelial ovarian cancer:a cohort study[J]. Lancet Oncol,
                性肿瘤提供一条新思路。                                            2016,17(8):1137-1146
                                                                 [11] HUR K,TOIYAMA Y,OKUGAWA Y,et al. Circulating
                3  小结                                                  microRNA⁃203 predicts prognosis and metastasis in hu⁃
                                                                       man colorectal cancer[J]. Gut,2017,66(4):654-665
                    近些年,因miRNA在体液中的状态较为稳定以                       [12] YIN C,HAN Q,XU D,et al. SALL4⁃mediated upregula⁃
                及检测技术较为成熟,使得外泌体miRNA逐渐成为                               tion of exosomal miR⁃146a⁃5p drives T⁃cell exhaustion by
                医学研究的热点。miRNA参与疾病的发生与发展,                               M2 tumor⁃associated macrophages in HCC[J]. Oncoim⁃
                并且患者与正常人的浓度有明显差异。因此越来                                  munology,2019,8(7):1601479
                越多的研究探索其作为疾病诊断标志物以及治疗                            [13] LIU F,BU Z,ZHAO F,et al. Increased T⁃helper 17 cell
                靶标的可能性,然而由于多种人体细胞都可以分泌                                 differentiation mediated by exosome⁃mediated microRNA⁃
                                                                       451 redistribution in gastric cancer infiltrated T cells[J].
                外泌体,因此尚未有较好的方法去区别体液中的外
                                                                       Cancer Sci,2018,109(1):65-73
                泌体是来自哪种细胞,这也就可能存在多种疾病都
                                                                 [14] HU J,TANG T,ZENG Z,et al. The expression of small
                可以导致某一特定的外泌体升高,干扰疾病的诊                                  RNAs in exosomes of follicular fluid altered in human
                断。因此体液中外泌体的具体来源以及对疾病发                                  polycystic ovarian syndrome[J]. PeerJ,2020,8:e8640
                生的作用机制有待于更进一步研究。                                 [15] ZHAO Y,TAO M,WEI M,et al. Mesenchymal stem cells
                                                                       derived exosomal miR⁃323⁃3p promotes proliferation and
               [参考文献]
                                                                       inhibits apoptosis of cumulus cells in polycystic ovary syn⁃
               [1] PAN B T,JOHNSTONE R M. Fate of the transferrin re⁃  drome(PCOS)[J]. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol,
                    ceptor during maturation of sheep reticulocytes in vitro:
                                                                       2019,47(1):3804-3813
                    selective externalization of the receptor[J]. Cell,1983,33
                                                                 [16] ISAKA K,USUDA S,ITO H,et al. Expression and activi⁃
                    (3):967-978                                        ty of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in human tropho⁃
               [2] XU R,GREENING D W,ZHU H J,et al. Extracellular      blasts[J]. Placenta,2003,24(1):53-64
                    vesicle isolation and characterization:toward clinical ap⁃  [17] QIN W,TANG Y,YANG N,et al. Potential role of circu⁃
                    plication[J]. J Clin Invest,2016,126(4):1152-1162  lating microRNAs as a biomarker for unexplained recur⁃
               [3] HESSVIK N P,LLORENTE A. Current knowledge on exo⁃   rent spontaneous abortion[J]. Fertil Steril,2016,105(5):
                    some biogenesis and release[J]. Cell Mol Life Sci,2018,  1247-1254

                    75(2):193-208                                [18] 凌钟慧,沈      嵘. 血浆外泌体源性 miRNA 在复发性流
               [4] HAN Q,ZHAO H,JIANG Y,et al. HCC ⁃ derived exo⁃      产患者中的表达初探[J]. 南京医科大学学报(自然科
                    somes:critical player and target for cancer immune escape  学版),2019,39(12):1769-1773
                    [J]. Cells,2019,8(6):558                     [19] ZHAO X B,HE Q Z,WU Z P,et al. Down⁃regulated miR⁃
               [5] MCKENZIE A J,HOSHINO D,HONG N H,et al. KRAS⁃        149⁃5p contributes to preeclampsia via modulating endog⁃
                    MEK signaling controls AGO2 sorting into exosomes[J].  lin expression[J]. Pregnancy Hypertens,2019,15:201-
                    Cell Rep,2016,15(5):978-987                        208
               [6] 张    玮,彭   澎,沈    铿. 外泌体来源RNA在细胞通讯            [20]CHEN Y,WANG K,XU Y,et al. Alteration of myeloid⁃de⁃
                    中的作用[J]. 中国医学科学院学报,2016,38(4):480-                rived suppressor cells,chronic inflammatory cytokines,
                    483                                               and exosomal miRNA contribute to the peritoneal immune
   152   153   154   155   156   157   158   159   160