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第46卷第8期
               ·1176 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2026年8月


              denoted OSN⁃1,OSN⁃2,and OSN⁃3,were prepared. Their gelation behavior,microstructure,mechanical properties,self⁃degradation
              profile,biocompatibility,and antibacterial activity were systematically characterized using scanning electron microscopy,rheological
              analysis,mechanical testing,UV ⁃ visible/fluorescence spectroscopy,cell ⁃ based assays(including CCK ⁃ 8,live/dead staining,and
              scratch wound assays)and antibacterial evaluations(including colony counting,scanning electron microscopy,biofilm staining and
              flow cytometry). Results:The OSN hydrogels formed rapidly in situ within 10 s and exhibited a homogeneous three ⁃ dimensional
              network architecture. Increasing the OPA content accelerated gelation and imparted self⁃degradable behavior to the hydrogel matrix,

              with OSN⁃3 undergoing complete degradation within 24 h. The hydrogels demonstrated favorable tissue⁃adhesive strength,together with
              good biocompatibility. They also promoted the migration of L929 fibroblasts and exhibited potent antibacterial activity against both
              methicillin⁃resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,effectively disrupting bacterial biofilms. In addition,degradation of the
              hydrogel was accompanied by attenuation and eventual disappearance of blue fluorescence,attributable to cleavage of the isoindole
              ring,indicating the potential for fluorescence ⁃ based visualization of the degradation process. Conclusion:This study successfully
              developed an antibiotic⁃free antibacterial OSN hydrogel dressing based on OPA⁃mediated ternary condensation. The resulting dressing
              combines injectability,rapid gelation,strong tissue adhesion,controllable self⁃degradation,fluorescence⁃enabled visualization,and
              broad⁃spectrum antibacterial activity,while maintaining good biocompatibility. These findings provide a novel and promising strategy
              for the development of antibiotic⁃free intelligent wound⁃management strategies.
             [Key words] OPA⁃mediated ternary condensation;self⁃degradation;antibacterial hydrogel dressing;isoindole structure;infected
              wounds
                                                                          [J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(08):1175⁃1186]





                  当皮肤组织结构完整性因各种外部因素作用                           使水凝胶敷料兼具快速成型、强黏附、自降解、抗菌
              遭到破坏而产生伤口时,复杂的微生物群落便很容                            及可视化的优势,可适配耐药菌感染创面、不规则
              易在伤口内定植,导致感染性伤口形成                 [1-2] 。细菌能      深部创面、微创闭合创面等场景,实现“注射⁃成型⁃
              够在被感染区域不断繁殖,产生氧化应激,导致伤                            黏附⁃抗菌⁃自降解⁃可视化”一站式智能管理,而且
              口感染微环境复杂多变,引发持续的炎症,延长愈                            简便的交联策略更为开发智能化多功能抗菌水凝
              合过程甚至威胁生命         [3-4] 。                         胶敷料开辟了新的途径。现将其体外研究成果报
                  目前,大多数抗菌水凝胶敷料产品仍主要依赖                          道如下。
              各类抗生素或金属杀菌剂来抗感染,这不仅可能导
                                                                1  材料和方法
              致细菌产生耐药性,还存在金属细胞毒性的潜在风
              险 [5-7] 。近年来,水凝胶敷料因具备三维网状亲水结                      1.1  材料
              构、良好生物降解性、生物相容性、组织黏附性、透                                tetra⁃PEG⁃SH、tetra⁃PEG⁃NH 2、不同端基的甲氧
              气性与柔软性,可维持湿润愈合环境、适配不规则                            基聚乙二醇(mPEG⁃SH、mPEG⁃NH2)(厦门赛诺肽生
              创面、避免二次损伤,已逐渐成为伤口管理中敷料                            物科技有限公司);OPA(北京沃凯生物科技有限公
              的研究热点,被广泛使用           [8-9] 。本研究将邻苯二甲醛            司);磷酸盐缓冲液(phosphate buffered saline,PBS)
             (o⁃phthalaldehyde,OPA)⁃巯基⁃氨基三元缩合反应用               (武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司);杜尔贝科改良伊格尔
              于抗菌水凝胶敷料的构建,该反应在生理条件下快                            培养基(Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium,DMEM)
              速,化学选择性高,可在数秒内完成原位交联                   [10-12] ;反  (高糖型,海克隆公司,美国);耐甲氧西林金黄色葡
              应过程自发形成异吲哚共轭结构,兼具蓝色荧光特                            萄 球 菌(methicillin ⁃ resistant Staphylococcus aureus,
              性与固有抗菌活性,无需额外添加荧光探针与抗生                            MRSA)和大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)(南京便
              素,实现“交联⁃荧光⁃抗菌”一体化功能                [13] ;同时,四     珍生物科技有限公司);小鼠成纤维细胞L929(北京
              臂聚乙二醇巯基(tetra⁃PEG⁃SH)和四臂聚乙二醇胺                     丰和生物科技公司);青霉素/链霉素(penicillin/strepto⁃
              基(tetra⁃PEG⁃NH 2)的生物相容性优异、交联网络均                   mycin,PS)(Thermo Fisher Scientific 公 司 ,美 国);
              匀稳定,且末端巯基与氨基可精准参与 OPA 反应,                         10% 胎 牛 血 清(phosphate buffered saline,FBS)
              保证交联高效可控;更重要的是,通过调控初始                            (Gibco 公司,美国);CCK⁃8 试剂盒、Calcein⁃AM/PI
              OPA浓度可实现对水凝胶自降解的控制                  [14] ;这不仅     双染试剂盒(上海碧云天生物技术有限公司);扫描
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