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第46卷第9期
               ·1360 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2026年9月


                                    表1 训练集与验证集中的基线特征、临床特征及组间统计学差异
                      Table 1 Clinical characteristics and intergroup statistical differences in the training and validation sets
                                                                                               2
                             Indicator              Trainingset(n=649)  Validationset(n=278)  χ /t       P
                 Pathological margin status[n(%)]                                             0.935    0.333
                   Positive                            323(49.8)            128(46.0)
                   Negative                            326(50.2)            150(54.0)
                 Age(years,x ± s)                      68.99 ± 7.51        069.2 ± 7.41       0.298    0.765
                 Bad lifestyle habits[n(%)]                                                   0.115    0.735
                   Present                             208(32.0)            086(31.1)
                   Absent                              441(68.0)            192(69.9)
                 Underlying diseases[n(%)]                                                    0.131    0.717
                   Present                             128(19.7)            052(18.7)
                   Absent                              521(80.3)            226(81.3)
                 f/t PSA(x ± s)                        00.17 ± 0.75        00.46 ± 3.75      -0.020    0.983
                 PSAD(ng/mL·cm ,x ± s)                 00.31 ± 0.34        00.32 ± 0.37       0.280    0.780
                              -3
                 NSE(ng/mL,x ± s)                      17.15 ± 5.70        16.38 ± 4.62       1.300    0.194
                 Testosterone(ng/mL,x ± s)             13.06 ± 7.29        12.36 ± 5.66       1.447    0.148
                 Estradiol(pmol/L,x ± s)              115.62 ± 55.87      107.26 ± 44.83      1.227    0.202
                 PI⁃RADS score(x ± s)                  04.02 ± 0.93        04.05 ± 0.88       0.407    0.684
                 Gleason score(x ± s)                  07.15 ± 0.74        07.11 ± 0.66       0.615    0.538
                 Number of lesions(x ± s)              01.67 ± 0.79        01.65 ± 0.78       0.373    0.709
                 Anatomical location[n(%)]                                                    4.930    0.085
                   Apex                                244(37.6)            086(31.0)
                   Mid                                 318(49.0)            158(56.8)
                   Base                                087(13.4)            034(12.2)
                 Histological location[n(%)]                                                  0.178    0.915
                   PZ                                  392(60.4)            166(59.8)
                   CZ                                  123(19.0)            056(20.1)
                   TZ                                  134(20.6)            056(20.1)
                 Relationship with the capsule[n(%)]                                          0.682    0.408
                   Suspicious invasion                 268(41.3)            106(38.1)
                   No capsular invasion                381(58.7)            172(61.9)
                 Relationship with seminal vesicle[n(%)]                                      1.968    0.161
                   Invasion of seminal vesicles         51(7.9)              14(5.0)
                   No seminal vesicle involvement      598(92.1)            264(95.0)
                 Relationship with the bladder[n(%)]                                          0.735    0.391
                   Bladder compression                 367(56.5)            148(53.2)
                   No compression                      282(43.5)            130(46.8)
                 Lymph node metastasis[n(%)]                                                  0.937    0.333
                   Suspicious lymph nodes              181(27.9)            087(31.3)
                   No metastasis                       468(72.1)            191(68.7)
                 Bone metastasis[n(%)]                                                        0.060    0.806
                   Suspicious for bone metastasis       15(2.3)              05(1.8)
                   No bone metastasis                  634(97.7)            273(98.2)
                 PZ:peripheral zone;CZ:central zone;TZ:transition zone.
              作为多分类有序变量容易导致预测模型的自由度浪                            数所占百分比由于研究的时间跨度大导致穿刺方
              费,且增加过拟合风险,出于预测模型的性能考虑最                           式的差异太大,暂不纳入研究。此外还有一些尚存
              终选择纳入穿刺病理Gleason评分            [25] 。穿刺阳性针         在争议的潜在预测变量,如手术方式、BMI、PI⁃RADS
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