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第44卷第1期 赵晓斌,秦亚娟,厉廷有. HClO双光子荧光探针研究进展[J].
2024年1月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2024,44(01):115-122 ·121 ·
荧光团的“推⁃拉”电子效应,使其仅产生微弱的黄色 LANDEROS M,et al. Glutathione participation in the pre⁃
荧光。当在 HClO 存在下,HCP 结构中的苯环通过 vention of cardiovascular diseases[J]. Antioxidants,
氯化反应生成 HCP⁃Cl,改变分子间的电子效应,实 2021,10(8):1201-1220
现蓝移,荧光发射增强。HCP⁃Cl 在 800 nm 激发态 [4] KIM K H,KIM S J,SINGHA S,et al. Ratiometric detec⁃
tion of hypochlorous acid in brain tissues of neuroinflam⁃
条件下拥有最大双光子吸收截面(13.4 GM)。HCP
mation and maternal immune activation models with a
双光子性质良好、选择性好、稳定性好、响应速度快
deep ⁃ red/near ⁃ infrared emitting probe[J]. ACS Sens,
(约5 s)、细胞毒性低。HCP可以实时跟踪活细胞中
2021,6(9):3253-3261
的HClO。HCP可以透过血脑屏障,对癫痫模型小鼠
[5] LOU Y,WANG C X,CHI S Y,et al. Construction of a two⁃
活体脑中 MPO 产生的 HClO 进行高灵敏检测成像,
photon fluorescent probe for ratiometric imaging of hypo⁃
且不受其他物质干扰。该团队通过使用HCP,构建 chlorous acid in alcohol ⁃ induced liver injury[J]. Chem
了一种高通量筛选方法,可以快速筛选潜在的抗癫 Commun Camb Engl,2019,55(86):12912-12915
痫药物来控制MPO介导的氧化应激反应。 [6] CHEN J,LU Y,WU Y,et al. De novo design of a robust
fluorescent probe for basal HClO imaging in a mouse Par⁃
Cl
N kinson’s disease model[J]. ACS Chem Neurosci,2021,
N
N N HClO N N 12(21):4058-4064
H CN
N N N CN [7] SHAO C W,YUAN J W,LIU Y N,et al. Epileptic brain
H CN N CN
HCP HCP⁃Cl fluorescent imaging reveals apigenin can relieve the
myeloperoxidase ⁃ mediated oxidative stress and inhibit
图11 HCP化学结构及其反应机制
Figure 11 Chemical structure and reaction mechanism of ferroptosis[J]. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA,2020,117(19):
HCP 10155-10164
[8] LIU S Z,XU J H,MA Q J,et al. A naphthalimide⁃based
and golgi⁃targetable fluorescence probe for quantifying hy⁃
5 结论和展望
pochlorous acid[J]. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol
综上所述,本文介绍了近年来用于 HClO 成像 Spectrosc,2023,286:121986-121993
的双光子荧光探针,重点介绍了它们的响应机制及 [9] SAMANTA S,GOVINDARAJU T. Unambiguous detec⁃
应用。根据 C=N 裂解响应机制构建的 HClO 探针 tion of elevated levels of hypochlorous acid in double
transgenic AD mouse brain[J]. ACS Chem Neurosci,
在疾病模型中具有更深远的意义,部分探针可以对
2019,10(12):4847-4853
活体疾病模型小鼠成像。相比之下,由C=C裂解机
[10] LI S J,WANG P P,YANG K,et al. Construction of HClO
制、酮和硫化物构建的探针在组织成像和疾病模型
activated near⁃infrared fluorescent probe for imaging he⁃
中的应用较差,仅停留在组织或者斑马鱼体内HClO
patocellular carcinoma[J]. Anal Chim Acta,2023,1252:
成像。大多数探针在几秒钟内对 HClO 作出反应,
341009-341017
检测下限达到nmol/L 级。由于HClO 在复杂的生物 [11] ZHANG Z H,LI C C,QU J B,et al. A novel and fast⁃
环境中含量低、寿命短,一些HClO探针的选择性需 responsive two ⁃ photon fluorescent probe with modified
要进一步提高。因此迫切需要设计更高灵敏度和 group for monitoring endogenous HClO accompanied by a
更好选择性的探针。 large turn⁃on signal and its application in zebrafish ima⁃
ging[J]. Spectrochimica Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spec⁃
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