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第42卷第11期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                 2022年11月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·1539 ·


               ·临床研究·

                早发急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者预后风险列线图模型的构

                建与验证



                张   鑫,丁 莹,姚毅仁,谷 阳 ,张喜文              *
                                            *
                南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院心内科,江苏 淮安                   223300



               [摘   要] 目的:分析早发ST段抬高型心肌梗死(ST⁃segment elevated myocardial infarction,STEMI)患者的危险因素,并建立预
                测早发STEMI患者术后主要心血管不良事件(major adverse cardiac events,MACE)发生风险的列线图模型。方法:选取2017年
                1 月—2018 年 12 月在南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院诊断为早发 STEMI 并行经皮冠状动脉介入术(percutaneous coronary
                intervention,PCI)治疗的166例患者为研究对象,并随访24个月,依据MACE 的发生情况,分为MACE 组(62例)与非MACE 组

               (104例)。利用LASSO回归与Cox回归分析筛选危险因素,并构建列线图预测模型。通过受试者工作特征曲线(receiver opera⁃
                ting characteristic curve,ROC)、临床决策曲线(decision curve analysis,DCA)、校准曲线等评估模型的效能,并通过Bootstrap法自
                抽样验证模型的稳定性。结果:LASSO 回归与 Cox 回归结果表明中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatin⁃
                ase associated lipocalin,NGAL)、肌酐、发生 AMI 至梗死相关动脉开通的时间、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,
                LVEF)、梗死相关动脉为早发STEMI患者术后发生MACE的重要危险因素(P < 0.05),利用这5个预测指标构建了列线图预测
                模型。在PCI术后6、12、24个月,模型的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.95(95% CI:0.89~1.00)、0.94(95% CI:0.80~0.99)、0.87(95% CI:
                0.82~0.93),均大于单个危险因素;Calibration 校准曲线接近理想曲线;DCA曲线显示列线图预测模型在0.25~1阈值概率范围
                内的表现更好。结论:本研究根据早发STEMI患者PCI术后发生MACE的危险因素构建了列线图预测模型,经Bootstrap 内部
                验证后,该预测模型具有较好的效能与稳定性,能够较为准确地预测早发STEMI 患者PCI 术后6、12、24个月MACE 的发生风
                险。这有助于针对早发STEMI高危患者进行个体化干预治疗,改善其预后。
               [关键词] 早发急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死;列线图;MACE
               [中图分类号] R541.4                   [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2022)11⁃1539⁃09
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20221106


                Establishment and validation of prognostic risk nomogram model among patients with
                premature ST⁃segment elevation myocardial infarction

                                                        *
                ZHANG Xin,DING Ying,YAO Yiren,GU Yang ,ZHANG Xiwen    *
                Department of Cardiology,the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Huai’an
                223300,China


               [Abstract] Objective:This study aims to analyze the risk factors of patients with premature ST segment elevation myocardial
                infarction(STEMI)and to develop a nomogram model to predict the risk of postoperative major adverse cardiac events(MACE)in
                patients with premature STEMI. Methods:A total of 166 patients diagnosed with premature STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary
                intervention(PCI)in the Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2018
                were selected as the research subjects,and they were followed up for 24 months. According to the occurrence of MACE,they were
                divided into MACE group(62 cases)and non⁃MACE group(104 cases). Risk factors were screened using LASSO regression with Cox
                regression analysis,and a nomogram prediction model was constructed. The efficacy of the model was evaluated by receiver operating
                characteristic curve(ROC),clinical decision curve(DCA),calibration curve,etc.,and the stability of the model was verified by

               [基金项目] 南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院科研启动经费项目(YGRS202006);中华国际医学交流基金会心血管多学科整
                合思维研究基金(Z⁃2016⁃23⁃2101⁃46)
                ∗
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:guyang1028@163.com;zhangxiwen303@163.com
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