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第43卷第6期        沈思远,梁     锋,张云鹏,等. 骨形态发生蛋白9在成骨分化中的作用与信号通路研究进展[J].
                  2023年6月                    南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2023,43(6):871-875,892                     ·875 ·


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                情况下诱导C2C12和MEF的骨形成 。                                   Nat Commun,2019,10(1):424
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                5  结论与展望
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                程中起重要作用。现有的研究表明,BMP⁃9 可以通
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                过多条信号通路(如 BMP⁃9⁃SMAD、BMP⁃9⁃MAPK、
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                BMP⁃9⁃TGFβ、BMP⁃9⁃Wnt/β⁃catenin 与 BMP⁃9⁃Notch
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                信号通路)发挥调控作用           [8-16] 。但 BMP⁃9 调控干细
                                                                 [8] SAMPATH T K,VUKICEVIC S. Biology of bone morpho⁃
                胞成骨分化的具体机制目前尚不明确,有待进一步                                 genetic protein in bone repair and regeneration:a role for
                探究。调节BMP⁃9的SMAD信号通路不受Noggin影                           autologous blood coagulum as carrier[J]. Bone,2020,
                响 [2,26] ,这是 BMP⁃9 相比其他 BMP 家族蛋白的优势                    141:115602
                之一。多项体内外研究都是借助过表达 BMP⁃9 基                        [9] ZOU M L,CHEN Z H,TENG Y Y,et al. The Smad depen⁃
                因的载体来探索 BMP⁃9 在骨形成和骨再生过程中                              dent TGF ⁃ beta and BMP signaling pathway in bone re⁃
                的作用,例如质粒、腺病毒,或是搭载 rhBMP⁃9 蛋                            modeling and therapies[J]. Front Mol Biosci,2021,8:
                白或腺病毒的支架材料,如琼脂糖、磷酸钙、石墨                                 593310
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                rhBMP⁃9 可以有效修复大鼠的颅骨缺损。且与目
                                                                       Front Cell Dev Biol,2016,4:40
                前了解较多的 BMP(如 BMP⁃2)相比,BMP⁃9 在低剂
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                量 BMP⁃9 的应用效果表明,在局部缺损区域优化                              chymal stem cells[J]. Aging,2021,13(8):11336-11351
                BMP 的释放动力学是控制 BMP⁃9 介导骨再生的关                      [12] OICHI T,OTSURU S,USAMI Y,et al. Wnt signaling in
                键因素之一;当 BMP 介导的成骨分化效率可能因                               chondroprogenitors during long bone development and
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                降低时,通常需要更高剂量的 BMP 掺入。未来的                         [13] HE F,WANG H,REN W Y,et al. BMP9/COX⁃2 axial me⁃
                研究可能会涉及各种生物聚合物复合材料,如纳                                  diates high phosphate ⁃ induced calcification in vascular
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               [参考文献]                                                  osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of mouse tooth
                                                                       germ mesenchymal cells(TGMCs)requires Wnt/beta ⁃
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