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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 第44卷第1期
·138 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) 2024年1月
·综 述·
肠道及肺部菌群与支气管肺发育不良的研究进展
宁 涛 ,陈筱青 2*
1,2
徐州医科大学附属宿迁医院儿科,江苏 宿迁 223800;南京医科大学第一附属医院儿科,江苏 南京 210029
1 2
[摘 要] 随着围产期综合救治水平的提高,早产儿的存活率不断提高。多种围产期因素影响着早产儿未成熟的肺,造成肺
损伤。支气管肺发育不良是早产儿最常见的慢性肺损伤性疾病,严重威胁早产儿的生命健康。人体微生物群对人类生命过程
有着复杂且持久的影响。随着二代测序技术的出现,越来越多的人体微生物及其功能被揭秘。目前有很多证据表明,在早产
儿的肺发育过程中,肠道及肺部菌群扮演着重要的角色,菌群失调和支气管肺发育不良有着密切的联系。目前对菌群与支气
管肺发育不良的发病机制仍知之甚少,还需要更多的研究来揭示其中的奥秘。本文综述了早产儿肠道菌群和肺部菌群的特
点,以及在支气管肺发育不良中的变迁,为支气管肺发育不良的治疗提供更多更好的选择。
[关键词] 支气管肺发育不良;肠道菌群;肺部菌群;肠⁃肺轴;早产儿
[中图分类号] R722.6 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2024)01⁃138⁃07
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN230397
Research progress of intestinal and pulmonary microbiota and bronchopulmonary dysplasia
1,2
NING Tao ,CHEN Xiaoqing 2*
2
1 Department of Pediatrics,the Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,Suqian 223800;Department
of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China
[Abstract] With the improvement of perinatal comprehensive treatment,the survival rate of premature infants is continuously
improved. The immature lungs of prematurity are susceptible to a variety of perinatal factors,resulting in lung damage.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is known as the most common chronic lung disease in premature infants,threatening the life and
health of them seriously. Microbiota has a complex and persistent influence on human life. More and more microbiota and their
functions had been discovered with the emergence of next⁃generation sequencing technology. Currently,numerous evidences proved
that intestinal microbiota and lung microbiota played important roles in the lung development of premature infants,and the microbiota
dysbiosis was closely related to BPD. However,the mechanism is still poorly understood,and more researches are needed to uncover
the pathogenesis. This review summarized the characteristics of lung and intestinal microbiota in premature infants and the changes in
BPD to provide optimization scheme for the treatment of BPD in the future.
[Key words] bronchopulmonary dysplasia;intestinal microbiota;pulmonary microbiota;gut⁃pulmonary axis;premature infant
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2024,44(01):138⁃144]
[1]
早产儿的出生率约占新生儿的 11% 。早产 (bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD)仍然是超早产儿
与 75%的新生儿疾病、70%的新生儿死亡直接或间 最常见的并发症 。健康的人体微生物群由 30 多
[3]
[4]
[2]
接相关 。近年来,早产儿的死亡率有所下降,但 万亿个微生物组成,重量为体重的 1%~3% ,大部
早产儿的发病率并没有下降,支气管肺发育不良 分是细菌,其中70%~80%存在于肠道中。共生菌在
为人类供给营养、免疫稳定、调节神经内分泌、调节
器官功能等方面发挥着重要作用,被称为“被遗忘
[基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(81871195)
[5]
的器官” 。菌群的多样性及稳定性与人类健康息
∗
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:chenxq2002@fox⁃
mail.com 息相关。早产儿作为一个特殊群体,肠道及肺部菌