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(续表2)
Algorithm Modeling indicator Reference
Ten⁃by⁃tenfold nested Rituximab⁃related 40 genes:SHC3,XCR1,TCN1,DLX4,PLEKHG,etc. [60]
cross⁃validation Tocilizumab⁃related 39 genes:SHC3,XCR1,DLX4,MYH6,TCN1,etc.
Cross⁃validation Clinical baseline data for monitoring the efficacy of drug treatment [61]
+
XGBoost,RF DNA methylation sequencing of peripheral blood CD4 T cells after drug treatment [63]
SVM Clinical baseline data on the effectiveness of leflunomide treatment [64]
The efficacy of leflunomide treatment on peripheral blood differential DNA methylation sites:
cg17330251,cg19814518,cg20124410,cg21109666,cg22572476,cg23403192,and
cg24432675
XGBoost Whether RA will undergo surgery:patient’s clinical baseline data [66]
RF:random forest;CNN:convolutional neural network;DCNN:deep convolutional neural network;ANN:artificial neural network;Bi⁃LSTM:bidi⁃
rectional long short term memory;AM:additive model;SVM:support vector machine;SVM⁃RFE:support vector machine recursive feature elimination;
SVM⁃RBF:support vector machine radial basis function;LASSO:least absolute shrinkage and selection operator;LSTM:long short term memory;
MSResNet:multiscale residual network;GBT:gradient boosting decision tree;SSGB:stability selection gradient boosting;LGBM:light gradient boosting
machine;XGBoost:eXtreme gradient boosting;glmBoost:generalized linear model boost;GMM:gaussian mixture model;ANFIS:adaptive neuron fuzzy
inference system;RC:ridge regression;ENR:elastic net regression;KNN:K nearest neighbor;PLS:partial least squares regression;CC:consensus clus⁃
ter plus;DEC:deep embedded cluster;LR:logistic regression;MA:multivariate analysis;MLR:multiple linear regression;SFS:sequential forward
selection.
Clinical baseline
data
Imaging
Diagnosis and
diagnosis
treatment
RA
ML
Molecular
detection
Drug efficacy
monitoring
Cell markers
图1 ML辅助RA诊疗流程图(Office Plus绘制)
Figure 1 ML assisted RA diagnosis and treatment process diagram(drawn by Office Plus)
练过程中融入广泛且多样化的现实世界数据,如 开发,大幅提高了对不同数据的整合能力,并呈现
病历、特定领域知识和多轮对话咨询,通过医学 数据处理过程的详细解析。同时这种诊断模型是
知识问答、医疗检查、患者咨询和病历诊断分析 整个医院甚至整个社会公用的,这也就需要全社会
等进行多维度验证,其诊断能力均显著优于其他 建立公认算法,并加强对医护人员的持续培训。最
模型 [71] 。虽然前述模型并未特别针对 RA 诊疗, 后,加强多中心交互实践,汇集多家医院、诊疗中心
但模型构建机制对于开发 RA 诊疗模型有很高的 以及实验室的检测数据进行整合分析,建立可推
借鉴价值。 广、普适性的诊疗模型,同期构建诊疗模型监管网
现阶段还需突破ML对于不同维度数据的整合 络,杜绝人为篡改或擅用医疗数据,以便真正助力
分析能力,伴随 AI,例如 DeepSeek 等相关大模型的 诊疗,服务患者。

