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第45卷第3期           林法喜,王家雄,闫 静,等. 江苏地区3 591例捐精者染色体核型分析结果与意义[J].
                  2025年3月                    南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(3):295-300,326                     ·297 ·


                                          表1 3 591例捐精志愿者中62例异常患者详细核型缺陷
                          Table 1 Detailed karyotype defects in 62 abnormal patients among 3 591 sperm donor volunteers

                                                                                             Cases Percentage of total
                           Karyotype                               Note
                                                                                             (n)    volunteers(%)
                Numerical anomaly
                  47,XY,+mar                                                                  1        0.03
                Translocation                                                                          0.17
                  46,XY,t(7;14)(p22;q22)                Translocation of chromosome 1,14      1
                  46,XY,t(7;13)(p11;q12)                 Translocation of chromosome7,13      1
                  46,XY,t(12;21)(p11;p11)               Translocation of chromosome12,21      1
                  46,XY,t(3;9)(q27;q22)                  Translocation of chromosome3,9       1
                  46,XY,t(1;3)(p22;p21)                  Translocation of chromosome1,3       1
                  46,XY,t(5;7)(q22;q34)                  Translocation of chromosome5,7       1
                Secondary constriction area lengthening                                                0.36
                  46,XY,1qh+                    Secondary constriction area lengthening of chromosome 1  8
                  46,XY,16qh+                   Secondary constriction area lengthening of chromosome 16  3
                  46,XY,21ph+                   Secondary constriction area lengthening of chromosome 21  1
                  46,XY,Ygh+                    Secondary constriction area lengthening of chromosome Y  1
                Chromosome short arm lengthening                                                       0.19
                  46,XY,Yp+                            Short arm lengthening of chromosome Y  1
                  46,XY,21p+                          Short arm lengthening of chromosome 21  4
                  46,XY,22p+                          Short arm lengthening of chromosome 22  1
                  46,XY,15p+                          Short arm lengthening of chromosome 15  1
                Chromosomal centromere enlargement
                  46,XY,22cenh+                      Centromere enlargement of chromosome 22  1        0.03
                Extension of satellite                                                                 0.08
                  46,XY,22pstk+                        Extension of satellite in chromosome 22  1
                  46,XY,14pstk+                        Extension of satellite in chromosome 14  1
                  46,XY,15pstk+                        Extension of satellite in chromosome 15  1
                Dual satellites
                  46,XY,15pss                            Dual satellites of chromosome 15     1        0.03
                Pericentic inversion                                                                   0.84
                  46,XY,inv(9)(p12;q13)                Pericentic inversion of chromosome 9   21
                  46,XY,inv(9)(p12;q12)                Pericentic inversion of chromosome 9   1
                  46,XY,inv(9)(p12;q21)                Pericentic inversion of chromosome 9   6
                  46,XY,inv(Y)(q11;q12)                Pericentic inversion of chromosome Y   1
                  46,XY,inv(10)(q21;q22)               Pericentic inversion of chromosome 10  1
                Total                                                                         62       1.73

                后精子浓度≥40×10 /mL、PR≥40%的志愿者进行染色                    存在的特定形式,所以其结构可以初步反映是否存
                                 6
                体常规筛查(表2)。以上结果表明,本研究所统计的                          在严重遗传缺陷。染色体核型检测是不孕不育患
                染色体异常不会导致精液质量和精子形态异常。                             者必要的评估项目,因为染色体异常是造成遗传缺
                                                                  陷的最常见原因,也是导致生殖问题、自然流产和
                3  讨 论
                                                                                     [7]
                                                                  胎儿死亡的重要原因 。不育男性的染色体异常发
                    染色体是细胞在有丝分裂或减数分裂时 DNA                         生 率 为 1.1% ~7.2% ,而 不 育 女 性 的 发 生 率 约 为
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