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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                  第43卷第5期
               ·640 ·                     Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)   2023年5月


             ·肿瘤专题研究·

              75岁以上癌症患者免疫治疗相关不良反应的回顾性分析



              陆嘉宁,马 佩,高          雯,束永前    *
              南京医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤科,江苏 南京                  210029




             [摘    要] 目的:探讨75岁以上老年人使用免疫检查点抑制剂的不良反应,讨论免疫衰老以及老年癌症患者的免疫治疗毒性
              以及相关毒性的管理。方法:收集2018 年1 月1 日—2021 年12 月31日在南京医科大学第一附属医院接受PD⁃1/ PD⁃L1 免疫
              检查点抑制剂治疗的各类实体恶性肿瘤患者的不良反应信息,并进行回顾性分析及相关性评价。影响因素的相关性分析采用
              Pearson 卡方检验,生存分析采用 Kaplan⁃Meier 方法。结果:166 例患者共接受 910 次治疗,平均接受免疫检查点抑制剂治疗
              5.48次。共有146例发生不同程度的不良反应,共记录462次不良反应,平均2.78次/例,不良反应发生率为87.9%,发生比例较
              高的不良反应有贫血(78.9%),白细胞降低 (28.9%),中性粒细胞降低(18.7%),血小板降低(42.8%),高血糖(21.7%),甲状腺
              功能异常(9.6%),皮质醇异常(9.6%)等。肯定和很可能与免疫检查点抑制剂相关的不良反应占总体不良反应的11.9%。发生
              3级及以上不良反应的有22例,占患者总数13.2%。经分析,是否存在≥ 3 个系统的合并症以及是否联用其他抗肿瘤药物对不
              良反应的发生率有显著影响。结论:基于本研究数据,75岁以上老年患者免疫检查点抑制剂的不良反应与75岁以下患者相
              当,使用免疫检查点抑制剂并未增加严重不良事件的发生。
             [关键词] 免疫检查点抑制剂;不良反应;老年癌症患者
             [中图分类号] R730                     [文献标志码] A                        [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2023)05⁃640⁃08
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20230508


              Retrospective analysis of immunotherapy related adverse events in elderly cancer
              patients over 75 years old

                                                     *
              LU Jianing,MA Pei,GAO Wen,SHU Yongqian
              Department of Oncology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China


             [Abstract] Objective:To investigate the adverse events,the immune aging and the immunotherapeutic toxicity of elderly cancer
              patients over 75 years old that received immune checkpoint inhibitors,and the management of related toxicity. Methods:The adverse
              event information of solid cancer patients who received PD⁃ 1/PD⁃l1 immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in the First Affiliated
              Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between January 1,2018 and December 31,2021 was collected and the retrospective analysis
              and correlation evaluation were performed. Pearson’s chi ⁃ square test was used for correlation analysis of influencing factors,and
              Kaplan⁃Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results:A total of 166 patients received 910 times of treatment,with an average
              of 5.48 times of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment. A total of 146 cases had adverse events of different degrees,and a total of 462
              adverse events were recorded,with an average of 2.78 times/case. The incidence of adverse events was 87.9%. The adverse events with
              a higher proportion anemia(78.9%),leucopenia(28.9%),neutropenia(18.7%),thrombocytopenia(42.8%),hyperglycemia(21.7%),
              abnormal thyroid function(9.6%),abnormal cortisol(9.6%),etc. The positive and likely adverse events related to immune checkpoint
              inhibitors accounted for 11.9% of the total adverse events . There were 22 cases of grade 3 and above adverse events,accounting for
              13.2% of the total number of patients. After analysis,whether there are complications of ≥ 3 systems and whether they are combined
              with other antitumor drugs have a significant impact on the incidence of adverse events. Conclusion:Based on the data of the current
              study,the adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients over 75 years old are equivalent to those in patients under 75
              years old,and there is no increase in the occurrence of serious adverse events.
             [Key words] immune checkpoint inhibitors;adverse events;elderly cancer patients
                                                                            [J Nanjing Med Univ,2023,43(05):640⁃647]
             [基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(82172889)
              ∗
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:shuyongqian@csco.org.cn
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