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第44卷第4期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2024年4月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·567 ·


               ·综 述·

                甲状腺与脂肪组织间相互作用研究进展



                朱 浩,王晓东      *

                南京医科大学第一附属医院内分泌科,江苏 南京 210029



               [摘   要] 肥胖由能量摄入过多及消耗减少所致,当摄入的能量超过脂肪组织的承受极限时,脂肪组织出现功能失调并引发
                一系列代谢相关改变。甲状腺是调控机体能量代谢的核心器官,对作为主要储能器官的脂肪组织具有重要的调节作用,可通
                过直接与间接作用调节脂肪组织的糖脂代谢、线粒体功能及表型转化等,对肥胖及代谢综合征的发生发展有着不可或缺的影
                响。过去,人们对甲状腺与脂肪的研究多停留在甲状腺对脂肪组织的单方面影响,新近研究发现脂肪组织亦可通过脂毒性、分
                泌脂肪因子及促炎因子等途径,导致甲状腺结节、甲状腺功能异常等甲状腺疾病的发生。本文将综述甲状腺与脂肪组织的相
                互作用及其在肥胖与甲状腺相关疾病发生发展中的作用。
               [关键词] 甲状腺;脂肪;肥胖;代谢综合征;甲状腺疾病
               [中图分类号] R581                    [文献标志码] A                        [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2024)04⁃567⁃06
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN230705



                Research progress on the interaction between thyroid and adipose tissue

                ZHU Hao,WANG Xiaodong  *
                Department of Endocrinology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 210029,China



               [Abstract] Obesity is caused by excessive energy intake and reduced consumption,when the energy intake exceeds the containing
                capacity of adipose tissue(AT),AT undergoes functional disorders and triggers a series of metabolic related changes. Thyroid gland,
                being the key organ regulating the energy metabolism of the body,it exerts an profound influence on the adipose tissue,the main energy
                storage organ. It can regulate the glucose and lipid metabolism,mitochondrial function and phenotype change of adipose tissue through
                direct and indirect effects,and has an indispensable impact on the occurrence and development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In
                the past,researches on thyroid and fat mostly focused on the unilateral effect of thyroid on adipose tissue,while it’s been recently
                pointed out that adipose tissue can also affect thyroid function through lipotoxicity,secretion of adipokine and proinflammatory factors,
                leading to thyroid diseases such as thyroid nodules,thyroid dysfunction. This article describes the interaction between thyroid and
                adipose tissue and its role in the occurrence and development of obesity related diseases and thyroid related diseases.
               [Key words] thyroid gland;adipose;obesity;metabolic syndrome;thyroid disease
                                                                              [J Nanjing Med Univ,2024,44(04):567⁃572]





                    自 1980 年至 2015 年,世界肥胖人口占比已经                   重的经济负担       [2-3] 。肥胖的产生源于能量摄入过多
                                                                            [4]
                翻倍,现有超过 1/3 的人口被归为超重或肥胖,至                         及消耗减少 ,当摄入量大于消耗量时,多余的能量
                2030 年,肥胖人口的预估比例将达到 57.8% 。研                      便以甘油三酯的形式储存于脂肪细胞中。脂肪细
                                                       [1]
                究显示,肥胖与代谢综合征、糖尿病、心血管疾病及                           胞通过细胞肥大及增殖,增强对甘油三酯的存储能
                肿瘤的发生密不可分,肥胖及相关并发症带来了沉                            力,当脂肪量超出其存储能力时,将会出现脂肪组
                                                                  织微环境及功能的改变、脂肪异位沉积等变化。脂

               [基金项目] 江苏省卫生健康医学科研项目(ZDA2020035)                   肪组织按其功能可分为具有储能及内分泌功能的
                                                                  白色脂肪与消耗能量产热的棕色脂肪,通过储存能
                ∗
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:wangxiaodong@jsph.
                org.cn                                            量与消耗能量,脂肪组织可发挥对能量代谢的调控
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