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第45卷第12期
               ·1782 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2025年12月


              13例SMARCA4缺失结直肠癌中,11例出现了MMR                       [参考文献]
              蛋白缺失,且在 dMMR 的病例亚组中,SMARCA4 表
                                                                [1] BRAY F,LAVERSANNE M,SUNG H,et al. Global can⁃
              达的缺失与更差的中位生存期相关。
                                                                     cer statistics 2022:GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence
                  消化系统 SWI/SNF 复合物缺失未分化癌通常
                                                                     and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
              没有特定的分化特征,遇到片状分布的上皮样差分                                [J]. CA Cancer J Clin,2024,74(3):229-263
              化肿瘤细胞,尤其见到横纹肌样形态时,需注意增加                           [2] WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. WHO
              BRG1和INI1等免疫组化抗体检测,并与以下肿瘤进                             classification of tumors:digestive system tumours[M].

              行鉴别:①大细胞神经内分泌癌,常弥漫表达CK⁃pan                             5th ed. Lyon:International Agency for Research on Can⁃
              和至少2种神经内分泌标志物,且多为强阳性;部分                                cer,2019
              SWI/SNF复合物缺失未分化癌可局灶或散在表达神                         [3] SANTORO A,ANGELICO G,TRAVAGLINO A,et al.
              经内分泌标志物,但多为弱到中等阳性。②上皮样                                 Clinico ⁃ pathological significance of TCGA classification
                                                                     and SWI/SNF proteins expression in undifferentiated/de⁃
              胃肠道间质瘤,瘤细胞呈上皮样,少数肿瘤细胞胞
                                                                     differentiated endometrial carcinoma:a possible prognos⁃
              浆丰富红染,核仁明显,呈现横纹肌样形态                       [24] 。
                                                                     tic risk stratification[J]. Gynecol Oncol,2021,161(2):
              CD117、DOG⁃1 等标志物可以鉴别。③恶性黑色素
                                                                     629-635
              瘤,肿瘤细胞内可见到黑色素颗粒,且 HMB45、                          [4] TESSIER⁃CLOUTIER B,KOMMOSS F K F,KOLIN D L,
              Melan⁃A、SOX10 和 S⁃100 等标志物阳性有助于鉴                       et al. Dedifferentiated and undifferentiated ovarian carci⁃
              别。此外,侵袭性淋巴瘤、上皮样肉瘤等可通过相                                 noma:an aggressive and molecularly distinct ovarian tu⁃
              应的免疫标志物或分子检测进行鉴别。                                      mor characterized by frequent SWI/SNF complex inactiva⁃
                  本研究系统分析了消化系统SWI/SNF复合物缺                            tion[J]. Mod Pathol,2024,37(1):100374
              失性癌的临床病理学特征、免疫表型、SWI/SNF蛋白                        [5] SAHA D,ANIMIREDDY S,BARTHOLOMEW B. The
              缺失的表达模式以及与MMR蛋白缺陷的相关性,并                                SWI/SNF ATP⁃dependent chromatin remodeling complex
                                                                     in cell lineage priming and early development[J]. Bio⁃
              探讨了其分子改变特点和鉴别诊断要点。SWI/SNF
                                                                     chem Soc Trans,2024,52(2):603-616
              复合物缺失性癌恶性度高,患者发现时很多已经晚期
                                                                [6] 陈雪松,陈      玲,何梦钰. SMARCA4突变的非小细胞肺
              或出现了转移,在日常病理诊断工作中,对于具有
                                                                     癌患者临床特征及相关生物信息分析[J]. 南京医科大
              上皮样形态差分化的消化道肿瘤,特别是上皮标
                                                                     学学报(自然科学版),2023,43(11):1520-1526
              志物表达不佳的情况下,提醒注意寻找横纹肌样                                  CHEN X S,CHEN L,HE M Y,et al. Clinical features of
              肿瘤细胞,并增加 BRG1 和 INI1 等 SWI/SNF 复合物                     non⁃small cell lung cancer harboring SMARCA4 mutation
              相关免疫标志物检测,且必要时增加分子检测以减                                 and related bioinformatics analysis[J]. Journal of Nanjing
              少漏诊和误诊。                                                Medical University(Natural Sciences),2023,43(11):
                  利益冲突声明:                                            1520-1526
                                                                                   ·                ·
                  所有作者声明无利益冲突。                                  [7] VAICEKAUSKAITE I,SABALIAUSKAITE R,LAZUT⁃
                  Conflict of Interests:                             KA J R,et al. The emerging role of chromatin remodeling
                  The authors declared no competing interests.       complexes in ovarian cancer[J]. Int J Mol Sci,2022,23
                  作者贡献声明:                                           (22):13670
                  卓帅帅负责收集并分析数据、撰写论文;方海生、龚予希                     [8] AYYANAR P,MISHRA P,PREETAM C,et al. SMARCB1/
              收集数据并查阅相关文献;陈刚进行免疫组织化学染色实                              INI1 deficient sino⁃nasal carcinoma:extending the histo⁃
              验;白茹梦进行FISH基因检测和NGS检测;张智弘负责研究                          morphological features[J]. Head Neck Pathol,2021,15
              设计、数据解读、论文修改。                                         (2):555-565
                  Author’s Contributions:                       [9] CHANG B,SHENG W,WANG L,et al. SWI/SNF complex⁃
                  ZHUO Shuaishuai was responsible for collecting and ana⁃  deficient undifferentiated carcinoma of the gastrointesti⁃
              lyzing data and writing papers;FANG Haisheng and GONG  nal tract:clinicopathologic study of 30 cases with an em⁃
              Yuxi collected data and consulted relevant literature;CHEN  phasis on variable morphology,immune features,and the
              Gang conducted immunohistochemical staining experiments;  prognostic significance of different SMARCA4 and
              BAI Rumeng conducted FISH gene detection and NGS detec⁃  SMARCA2 subunit deficiencies[J]. Am J Surg Pathol,
              tion;ZHANG Zhihong was responsible for research design,data  2022,46(7):889-906
              interpretation,and paper revision.                [10]AGAIMY A,DAUM O,MÄRKL B,et al. SWI/SNF com⁃
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