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第45卷第4期             黄 易,杨 辉,王锦文,等. 术中残留一定程度屈曲畸形对TKA 疗效的影响[J].
                  2025年4月                      南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(4):551-559                       ·557 ·


                节早期活动度。此外,术后早期使用神经肌肉电刺                           [2] SU E P. Fixed flexion deformity and total knee arthroplas⁃
                激疗法也可作为维持股四头肌力量、改善膝关节功                                 ty[J]. J Bone Joint Surg Br,2012,94(11 Suppl A):112-
                        [38]
                能的方式 。                                                 115
                    关于TKA术中是否可以残留更多FD这一问题                        [3] KIM Y H,PARK J W,JANG Y S. 20⁃Year minimum out⁃
                                                                       comes and survival rate of high⁃flexion versus standard to⁃
                目前研究证明 TKA 术中残留 15°以上的 FD 对患者
                                                                       tal knee arthroplasty[J]. J Arthroplasty,2021,36(2):
                预后有不利影响。专家指出TKA术后残留15°或更
                                                                       560-565
                大的FD会显著降低行走能力和功能 ,而Quah等                   [27]
                                               [39]
                                                                 [4] KIM S H,LIM J W,JUNG H J,et al. Influence of soft tis⁃
                发现术中残留 5°~15°的 FD 在长期康复后可改善至
                                                                       sue balancing and distal femoral resection on flexion con⁃
                平均 0.2°。此外,没有明确证据显示治疗伴有严重                              tracture in navigated total knee arthroplasty[J]. Knee
                FD 的膝关节,术中残留 5°~10°的 FD 会影响膝关节                         Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2017,25(11):3501-
                术后的活动度和功能。结合既往经验,本研究认为                                 3507
                术中残留不超过 10°的 FD 是安全、可恢复的,残留                      [5] KISHIMURA Y,MATSUI Y,MATSUURA M,et al. Chang⁃
                10°以上 FD 会面临更大的康复风险和更高的并发症                             es in postoperative extension angle after total knee arthro⁃
                发生率 。                                                  plasty:effect of polyethylene insert thickness[J]. J Or⁃
                     [40]
                                                                       thop Sci,2019,24(4):674-679
                    本研究探讨了TKA治疗伴有严重FD的膝关节
                                                                 [6] LOMBARDI A V,MALLORY T H,ADAMS J B. A step⁃
                OA 时术中残留一定程度 FD 对疗效的影响,为 TKA
                                                                       wise algorithmic approach to fl exion contractures in total
                术中矫正严重 FD 提供依据。笔者认为,对于伴有
                                                                       knee arthroplasty[J]. J Am Acad Orthop Surg,1997,(1):
                严重FD的膝关节OA,在术后充分锻炼的条件下,可
                                                                       1-8
                以允许在TKA术中进行有限的软组织松解处理,并                          [7] FIRESTONE T P,KRACKOW K A,DAVIS J D,et al.
                且适当残留一定程序的FD(5°~10°),而不影响膝关                            The management of fixed flexion contractures during total
                节活动度和功能的恢复,且深静脉血栓发生率更                                  knee arthroplasty[J]. Clin Orthop Relat Res,1992,284:
                低。此外,研究也存在一些局限性:①样本量小,且                                221-227
                为单中心回顾性研究,存在样本的选择性偏倚和观                           [8] MASUDA S,MIYAZAWA S,YUYA K,et al. Posteromedi⁃
                察指标的测量偏倚;②HSS 评估膝关节功能存在局                               al vertical capsulotomy selectively increases the extension
                                                                       gap in posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty[J].
                限性,WOMAC 和 SF⁃36 能对 TKA 术后功能进行更
                                                                       Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2020,28(5):
                敏感的评估。
                                                                       1419-1424
                   利益冲突声明:
                                                                 [9] MATZIOLIS G,LOOS M,BOHLE S,et al. Effect of addi⁃
                   所有作者声明无利益冲突。
                                                                       tional distal femoral resection on flexion deformity in pos⁃
                   Conflict of Interests:
                                                                       terior ⁃ stabilized total knee arthroplasty[J]. Knee Surg
                   All authors declare no conflict of interests.
                                                                       Sports Traumatol Arthrosc,2020,28(9):2924-2929
                   作者贡献声明:
                                                                 [10]HARDY W R,LANDY D C,CHALMERS B P,et al. Ad⁃
                   黄易负责论文选题、研究设计、患者随访、数据收集与分
                                                                       ditional distal femoral resection minimally improves termi⁃
                析、论文撰写与修改;杨辉、王锦文、谈正岗、鲍星安和陈有泉
                                                                       nal knee extension:a systematic review and meta⁃regres⁃
                负责随访管理、论文修改和审校;范卫民、刘锋负责论文选
                                                                       sion challenging the dogma[J]. Arthroplast Today,2023,
                题、研究设计、手术操作、论文修改和审校。
                                                                       19:101083
                   Author’s Contributions:
                                                                 [11]RAJANI A M,MITTAL A R S,SHAH U A,et al. Postero⁃
                   HUANG Yi was responsible for topic selection,research
                                                                       central slice osteotomy of the proximal tibia:a novel tech⁃
                design,patient follow⁃up,data analysis,as well as paper writing
                                                                       nique for correcting resistant tight extension gaps in poste⁃
                and revision;YANG Hui,WANG Jinwen,TAN Zhenggang,
                                                                       rior⁃stabilized total knee arthroplasty for varus osteoarthri⁃
                BAO Xing’an,and CHEN Youquan were in charge of follow⁃up
                                                                       tis[J]. J Arthroplasty,2025,40(2):400-408
                management and paper revision review;FAN Weimin and LIU
                                                                 [12]SAIN A,SOHAIL Z,MANZOOR N,et al. Importance of
                Feng contributed to topic selection,research design,surgical
                                                                       joint line restoration in total knee arthroplasty[J]. Geor⁃
                procedures,and paper revision review.
                                                                       gian Med News,2024,348:91-93
               [参考文献]                                            [13]CHALMERS B P,ELMASRY S S,KAHLENBERG C A,
               [1] HUNTER D J,BIERMA⁃ZEINSTRA S. Osteoarthritis[J].    et al. Additional distal femoral resection increases mid ⁃
                    Lancet,2019,393(10182):1745-1759                   flexion coronal laxity in posterior ⁃ stabilized total knee
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