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第45卷第9期 陈奕孜,翁昌健,陆 超. NOTCH1信号通路与T细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病的研究进展[J].
2025年9月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(9):1258-1266,1285 ·1261 ·
表1 阻止NOTCH1信号通路激活的相关药物
Table 1 Drugs that inhibit the activation of the NOTCH1 signaling pathway
Category Drug Mechanism of action Advantage Limitation
GSI MRK⁃560 Selective PSEN1 inhibitor Reduced gastrointestinal toxicity Limited monotherapy effi⁃
cacy,delayed effects
CB⁃103 CB⁃103 Blocks NOTCH transcriptional Oral,no dose⁃limiting toxicity Unconfirmed long ⁃ term
complex(non⁃GSI) safety/target specificity
NOTCH1 mAb OMP⁃52M51 Binds the negative regulatory Precise NOTCH1 inhibition , Limited efficacy against all
domain of NOTCH1 receptor, avoids GSI toxicity NOTCH1 mutations
blocking ligand binding
2+
SERCA inhibitor CAD204520 Inhibits SERCA, prevents Lower Ca toxicity ,retains Long ⁃ term cardiac safety
NOTCH1 maturation anti⁃T⁃ALL activity requires verification
究热点。其中,靶向染色质修饰的探索取得显著进 regulatory factor 8,IRF8)mRNA 的 m6A 修饰,促进
展。BRD4作为BET家族成员,通过与组蛋白H3中 PI3K/AKT 信号激活并协同 NOTCH1 驱动白血病进
的乙酰化赖氨酸残基结合,驱动MYC表达,进而维持 展。实验证实,抑制FTO可恢复IRF8表达水平,延缓
[38]
NOTCH1 突变白血病起始细胞(leukemia⁃initiating T⁃ALL发展 。同时,胰岛素样生长因子2 mRNA结
cell,LIC)的存活。研究表明,应用 BRD4 降解剂可 合蛋白 2(insulin⁃like growth factor 2 mRNA⁃binding
有效破坏 NOTCH1⁃MYC⁃CD44 轴,减少 LIC 数量, protein 2,IGF2BP2)在T⁃ALL中高表达,通过m6A依
延长小鼠生存期 [36] 。目前,EP31670(一种 BET 和 赖机制稳定 NOTCH1 mRNA,促进 T⁃ALL 细胞存活
CBP/p300 双抑制剂)正在Ⅰ期临床试验进行中 和化疗耐药,针对此机制开发的小分子抑制剂 JX5
(NCT05488548)。另外,组蛋白赖氨酸去甲基化酶 可抑制 IGF2BP2 与 NOTCH1 结合,抑制 T⁃ALL 细胞
[39]
(KDM6B)被证明是 T⁃ALL 发展和维持所必需的关 增殖,有望用于T⁃ALL治疗 。
键分子,可保护 T⁃ALL 细胞免受强 NOTCH1 信号诱 除此之外,染色质重塑复合物 SWI/SNF 的核心
导的凋亡,因此敲除KDM6B可选择性清除NOTCH1 亚基 SMARCA4 与 RUNX1 相互作用,可协同调控染
[37]
高信号的T⁃ALL细胞 。 色质可及性,维持 NOTCH1⁃MYC 通路活性。抑制
在RNA表观修饰层面,脂肪量和肥胖相关蛋白 SMARCA4 导致全基因组染色质可及性下降,诱导
(fat mass⁃and obesity⁃associated protein,FTO)作为m6A T⁃ALL细胞凋亡 [40] 。靶向NOTCH1信号通路的表观
去甲基化酶,通过降解干扰素调节因子 8(interferon 遗传调控药物见表2。
表2 靶向NOTCH1信号通路的表观遗传调控药物
Table 2 Epigenetic⁃targeting agents against the NOTCH1 signaling pathway
Target Mechanism of action Advantage Limitation
BRD4 degrader Disrupts NOTCH1⁃MYC⁃CD44 axis,reduces Selective LICs elimination May impair normal hemato⁃
LIC survival poietic stem cell function
KDM6B inhibitor KDM6B knockout selectively clears NOTCH1⁃ Targets NOTCH1⁃hyperactive Impact on normal T ⁃ cell de⁃
mutant cells cells with high precision, velopment needs validation
minimizing off⁃target effects
FTO inhibitor FTO inhibition restores IRF8,blocking PI3K/ Reverses epigenetic dysregu⁃ Complex m6A regulatory net⁃
AKT and NOTCH1 activation lation,delaying leukemia pro⁃ work may cause non⁃specific
gression effects
IGF2BP2 inhibitor Blocking IGF2BP2⁃NOTCH1 mRNA binding Overcomes chemoresistance As above
(JX5) inhibits m6A⁃dependent NOTCH1 expression
SMARCA4 inhibitor Inhibits SWI/SNF,reduces chromatin acces⁃ Genome⁃wide epigenetic SWI/SNF’s essential role in
sibility,blocks NOTCH1⁃MYC remodeling gene regulation risks systemic
toxicity

