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              · 28   ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2026年1月


              信息,并可以动态监测肿瘤变化,进而实时追踪患                                 novel 324 ⁃ gene cfDNA ⁃ based comprehensive genomic
              者的病情变化,从而实现精准医疗。相比传统检测                                 profiling assay for cancers of solid tumor origin[J]. PLoS
              方法和单组学分析,cfDNA 多组学模型通过整合突                              One,2020,15(9):e0237802
              变基因、cfDNA 甲基化和 cfDNA 片段特征等多维数                     [4] MANDEL P,METAIS P. Les acides nucléiques du plasma
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              据,显著提高了早期诊断的准确性。目前,基于
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              cfDNA 多组学技术虽在实验室中得到大量验证,构
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              建了可以实际应用的模型,但在向临床转化过程中
                                                                     Liquid biopsies come of age:towards implementation of
              仍存在不少挑战。在达成样本处理的标准化、提高
                                                                     circulating tumour DNA[J]. Nat Rev Cancer,2017,17
              检测技术的灵敏度和完成基层医疗市场普及之后,                                (4):223-238
              将实现从早期筛查到治疗的全过程闭环管理,使                             [6] SNYDER M W,KIRCHER M,HILL A J,et al. Cell⁃free

              HNSCC 患者的诊疗水平获得革命性提升。cfDNA                             DNA comprises an in vivo nucleosome footprint that
              技术的发展还需要加强跨学科合作和加大资源投                                  informs its tissues⁃of⁃origin[J]. Cell,2016,164(1/2):
              入,需要肿瘤学、生物信息学、分子生物学、检验医                                57-68
              学、流行病学等多个学科的专家紧密协作,共同致                            [7] MOULIERE F,CHANDRANANDA D,PISKORZ A M,
              力于技术优化、数据整合以及临床验证。同时,相                                 et al. Enhanced detection of circulating tumor DNA by
              关政策的制定和公共卫生部门的加入对于推动                                   fragment size analysis[J]. Sci Transl Med,2018,10
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              cfDNA 检测的普及至关重要。通过多方资源的整
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              合与协同努力,cfDNA 多组学整合技术有望成为
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              HNSCC 早期诊断的重要工具,可以显著提高患者
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              借鉴;也将推动液体活检领域的整体进步,以实现                                 sive detection of cancer ⁃ associated genome ⁃ wide hypo⁃
              液体活检技术应用于癌症从早期筛查到精准治疗                                  methylation and copy number aberrations by plasma DNA
              的全过程。                                                  bisulfite sequencing[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2013,
                  利益冲突声明:                                            110(47):18761-18768
                  所有作者声明无利益冲突。                                  [10]FAN H C,BLUMENFELD Y J,CHITKARA U,et al. Non⁃
                  Conflict of Interests:                             invasive diagnosis of fetal aneuploidy by shotgun sequen⁃
                  All authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.  cing DNA from maternal blood[J]. Proc Natl Acad Sci
                  作者贡献声明:                                            USA,2008,105(42):16266-16271
                  杨明哲负责文献检索、资料整理以及初稿撰写;陈仁杰                      [11]DAWSON S J,TSUI D W Y,MURTAZA M,et al. Analy⁃
              负责论文审阅和指导。                                             sis of circulating tumor DNA to monitor metastatic breast
                  Author’s Contributions:                            cancer[J]. N Engl J Med,2013,368(13):1199-1209
                  YANG Mingzhe was responsible for literature retrieval,  [12]SCHWARZENBACH H,HOON D S B,PANTEL K. Cell⁃
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                                                                     Nat Rev Cancer,2011,11(6):426-437
              responsible for paper review and guidance.
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