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第46卷第1期 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
2026年1月 Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) · 31 ·
·专题研究:肿瘤·
老年结直肠癌患者术后辅助治疗与个体化治疗研究进展
吴心宇,凌 蕊,朱文宇 *
南京医科大学第三附属医院肿瘤科,江苏 常州 213000
[摘 要] 随着全球人口老龄化进程加速,老年结直肠癌的疾病负担日益加重。然而,针对该人群的术后辅助治疗长期缺乏
充分的循证医学证据。由于老年人独特的生理衰退、高共病负担、错配修复缺陷/微卫星高度不稳定(deficient mismatch repair/
microsatellite instability high,dMMR/MSI⁃H)比例较高以及社会心理因素,治疗决策变得更加复杂。老年综合评估(comprehen⁃
sive geriatric assessment,CGA)是实现个体化治疗的核心工具。对于体能状态差的患者,节拍化疗有望作为一种不良反应少的
维持治疗策略。此外,强化支持治疗(包括骨髓抑制管理、营养支持、抗恶病质药物、结构化运动及肠道菌群移植等)对保障治疗安
全性和生活质量至关重要。总之,老年结直肠癌辅助治疗需摒弃单纯依赖年龄的模式,转向以CGA为指导的个体化精准策略,平
衡疗效、不良反应及生活质量,并关注免疫治疗、短程化疗和器官保留等新兴方向,未来仍需聚焦老年人群的前瞻性研究。
[关键词] 结直肠癌;术后辅助治疗;老年综合评估;老年患者
[中图分类号] R735.34 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)01⁃31⁃09
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250909
Advances in postoperative adjuvant therapy and personalized treatment for elderly
patients with colorectal cancer
WU Xinyu,LING Rui,ZHU Wenyu *
Department of Oncology,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Changzhou 213000,China
[Abstract] With the acceleration of global population aging,the disease burden of colorectal cancer(CRC)in the elderly is
escalating. However,postoperative adjuvant therapy for this population suffers from a long⁃standing lack of robust medical evidence.
Due to the unique physiological decline,high comorbidity burden,higher proportion of deficient mismatch repair/microsatellite
instability⁃high(dMMR/MSI⁃H)and social psychological factors of the elderly,treatment decisions have become more complicated.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment(CGA)serves as the core tool for achieving individualized treatment for the elderly CRC patients.
For patients with poor physical condition,metronomic chemotherapy holds promise as a maintenance strategy with few side effects.
Furthermore,intensified supportive treatment(encompassing management of bone marrow suppression,nutritional support,anti ⁃
cachexia drugs,structured exercise programs,and fecal microbiota transplantation)is crucial for ensuring treatment safety and life
quality of patients. In summary,managing adjuvant therapy for elderly CRC patients must abandon the age⁃dependent model and shift
towards individualized,precision strategies guided by CGA,balancing efficacy,side effects,and quality of life. Emerging directions
such as immunotherapy,short ⁃ course chemotherapy,and organ preservation warrant attention. Future research should prioritize
prospective studies specifically focused on the elderly population.
[Key words] colorectal cancer;postoperative adjuvant therapy;comprehensive geriatric assessment;elderly patients
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(01):31⁃38,46]
全球人口老龄化进程的加速,显著增加了老年人
[基金项目] 常州市第十一批科技计划项目(CJ20243019);
群的结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)疾病负担。据
常州市卫健委科技项目(QN202320);常州医学中心项目
(CZKYCMCC202307) 国际癌症研究署(international agency for research on
cancer,IARC)数据,2022 年全球新发 CRC 病例约
∗
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:wenyu.zhu@njmu.edu.
[1]
cn(ORCID:0009⁃0001⁃1981⁃0906) 192万例,死亡约90.4万例 ,50岁以上患者占新发

