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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                 第46卷第10期
               ·1584 ·                    Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)  2026年10月


             ·综      述·

              纳米技术在支气管哮喘诊断和治疗中的研究进展



              丁紫琪,张 倩      *
              南京医科大学第三附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,江苏                    常州 213164




             [摘    要] 支气管哮喘是一种常见的慢性气道炎症性疾病,严重影响患者的生活质量。传统的哮喘诊断方法无法精确判断哮
              喘的表型和内型,需要更为先进的无创手段进行诊断和评估。治疗方法主要依赖于糖皮质激素和支气管扩张药物,但长期使
              用可能导致不良反应及耐药等问题,这使得寻找新的治疗手段显得尤为重要。近年来纳米技术作为一种创新的药物传递平台
              受到广泛关注,它能够显著提高药物的生物利用度、靶向性和治疗效果。文章综述了纳米技术在支气管哮喘诊断和治疗中的
              最新研究进展,分析了纳米技术在哮喘诊断中的应用前景,概括了纳米载体在药物递送、靶向治疗及炎症调控方面的作用机
              制,总结了纳米技术在未来哮喘临床转化中可能面临的挑战与发展方向,为进一步研究提供参考。
             [关键词] 支气管哮喘;纳米技术;纳米载体;药物递送;靶向治疗
             [中图分类号] R562.25                   [文献标志码] A                     [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)10⁃1584⁃09
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN260628


              Research progress in nanotechnology for the diagnosis and treatment of bronchial asthma

              Ding Ziqi,Zhang Qian *
              Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,
              Changzhou 213164,China


             [Abstract] Bronchial asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease that significantly impacts patients’quality of life.
              Traditional diagnostic methods for asthma cannot accurately determine its phenotype and genotype,necessitating more advanced non⁃
              invasive approaches for diagnosis and assessment. Current asthma treatments primarily rely on glucocorticoids and bronchodilators,but
              long⁃term use may lead to adverse effects,drug resistance,and other problems,which makes it particularly important to find new
              therapeutic approaches. In recent years,nanotechnology has garnered significant attention as an innovative drug delivery platform,
              capable of substantially enhancing drug bioavailability,targeting efficiency,and therapeutic outcomes. This review summarizes the
              latest research advances in nanotechnology for bronchial asthma diagnosis and treatment,analyzes its application prospects in asthma
              diagnosis,and outlines the mechanisms of action of nanocarriers in drug delivery,targeted therapy,and inflammation regulation.
              Furthermore,it summarizes the potential challenges and future directions for nanotechnology in clinical asthma translation,providing a
              reference for further research.
             [Key words] bronchial asthma;nanotechnology;nanocarrier;drug delivery;targeted therapy
                                                                          [J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(10):1584⁃1592]





                  支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)是一种具有复杂病理                          高反应性和气道重塑,这些变化不仅会影响患者的
              机制的慢性疾病,主要表现为气道慢性炎症、气道                            日常活动,还可能进一步损害患者的肺功能。在全
                                                                球范围内,哮喘的患病率仍在不断攀升,全球哮喘
             [基金项目] 国家科技重大专项(2024ZD0524000);江苏省
                                                                人口已突破3亿,尘螨、感染、吸烟、运动等均是哮喘
              中医药科技发展计划(MS2024075);南京医科大学常州医学
                                                                常见的诱因 。目前哮喘的诊断方法主要依赖于临
                                                                          [1]
              中心项目(CMCC202303,CMCB202405)
                                                                床症状评估、血液学检测以及肺功能检查,诊断主
              ∗
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:qianzhang@njmu.edu.
              cn(ORCID:0000⁃0003⁃4928⁃3366)                     观性强,且难以精确识别哮喘的表型或内型,不足
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