Page 8 - 《南京医科大学学报》自然科学版2026年第2期
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第46卷第2期
·164 · 南 京 医 科 大 学 学 报 2026年2月
operating characteristic(ROC)curves were constructed and the area under the curve(AUC)were calculated to evaluate their diagnostic
performance. Major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)were defined as cardiovascular death or heart failure rehospitalization.
HFpEF patients were followed up for a median duration of 216 days(interquartile range:199⁃260 days). The relationship between
plasma miRNAs and the occurrence of MACE was analyzed,and survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan⁃Meier method. At the
same time,univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the risk factors affecting the
prognosis of HFpEF patients. Results:Compared with the control group,plasma hsa⁃miR⁃130a⁃3p was significantly upregulated in
HFpEF patients[1.93(1.10,2.96)vs. 0.98(0.79,1.19);P < 0.001]. ROC analysis showed that miR⁃130a⁃3p effectively differentiated
HFpEF patients from controls,with an AUC of 0.791(95% CI:0.728⁃0.853,P < 0.001)and an optimal cutoff value of 1.459,with a
sensitivity of 62.41% and specificity of 94.34%. Based on the levels of miR⁃130a⁃3p,HFpEF patients were categorized into high⁃ and
low⁃expression groups. Kaplan⁃Meier analysis revealed that patients with high miR⁃ 130a⁃3p expression had a significantly higher
cumulative incidence of MACE than those with low expression(26.98% vs. 6.15%,log⁃rank P=0.002). Multivariate Cox regression
further confirmed that high expression of plasma miR⁃130a⁃3p was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in HfpEF patients
[hazard ratio(HR)=2.197,95%CI:1.254⁃3.847,P=0.006]. Conclusion:Circulating miR⁃130a⁃3p is a promising diagnostic and
prognostic biomarker for HFpEF. Its high expression is closely associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes,suggesting that
circulating miR⁃ 130a⁃3p may serve as a novel biomarker for HFpEF diagnosis and risk stratification. Further validation in larger
multicenter prospective cohorts is warranted.
[Key words] HFpEF;microRNA;diagnosis;prognosis;biomarker
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(02):163⁃172]
心力衰竭(heart failure,HF)是一种由心脏结构 比,两种或多种miRNA联合BNP使用可显著提高诊
[13]
和/或功能异常导致心室充盈或射血功能受损的临 断模型的预测准确性 。基于以上背景,本研究拟
床综合征,通常被认为是多种心血管疾病发展的终 通过高通量测序筛选并验证HFpEF患者中差异表达
[1]
末阶段 。射血分数保留型心力衰竭(heart failure 的循环miRNA,评估其作为HFpEF诊断标志物的潜
with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)是心力衰竭 力,为HFpEF的早期诊断及个体化治疗提供新的思
的重要亚型,约占所有心衰病例50%。随着全球人口 路和依据。
老龄化以及肥胖、糖尿病等共病的日益普遍,HFpEF
1 对象和方法
的发病率和患病负担预计将持续上升 [2- 3] 。尽管
HFpEF 的住院率和病死率与射血分数降低型心力 1.1 对象
衰 竭(heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, 本研究为单中心前瞻性研究,纳入2023年12月—
HFrEF)相当,但其临床诊断仍存在显著挑战。一方 2024 年 11 月于南京医科大学第一附属医院心血管
面,患者症状和体征常缺乏特异性;另一方面,在合 内科住院的 HFpEF 患者及同期住院的非心衰患者
并肥胖、心房颤动或肾功能不全等情况时,常用生 作为对照组。发现队列中纳入45例受试者,包括非
物标志物如 B 型利钠肽(B⁃type natriuretic peptide, 心衰对照患者 15 例和 HFpEF 患者 30 例;验证队列
BNP)的诊断性能会显著下降 [3-5] 。因此,亟需探索 共纳入 186 例研究对象,其中同期住院非心衰对照
新的生物标志物以实现 HFpEF 的早期识别与诊 组 53 例,HFpEF 患者 133 例。HFpEF 组纳入标准:
断。循环微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类长度 ①年龄≥18 岁;②符合 HF 的典型症状和(或)体征;
18~25 个核苷酸的内源性非编码小 RNA,能够通过 ③窦性心律患者N末端前B型利钠肽(N⁃terminal pro
促进靶mRNA降解或抑制其翻译来调控基因表达,参 B⁃type natriuretic peptide,NT⁃proBNP)≥125 pg/mL,房
与多种生物学过程及疾病的发生发展 [6-8] 。miRNA在 颤患者 NT⁃proBNP≥365 pg/mL;④左心室射血分数
体液中表现出高度稳定性,使其成为包括心血管疾 (left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)≥50%。排除
病在内的多种疾病潜在的理想生物标志物 [9-10] 。近 标准:①慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重伴呼吸衰竭;
年来的研究表明,miRNA与心力衰竭的发生和进展 ②原发性肺动脉高压;③急性冠脉综合征、心肌病
密切相关并在心力衰竭的诊断和预后评估中具有 或心包疾病;④需外科手术治疗的重度瓣膜性心脏
重要价值 [11-12] 。此外,研究显示,与单独使用BNP相 病;⑤甲状腺功能亢进、严重贫血或恶性肿瘤活动

