Page 88 - 《南京医科大学学报（自然科学版）》2026年第3期

南京医科大学学报（自然科学版） 第46卷第3期
·396 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences） 2026年3月

·临床研究·

育龄女性体力活动水平及静坐时间与月经周期异常的关联研究

李红乔 ，黄玲玲 ，王欣茹 ，张 祎 ，赵梦洁 ，郑含月 ，王 蓓 ，张学宁 ，洪 翔 1*
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东南大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系，江苏 南京 210009；江苏省卫生健康发展研究中心，江苏 南京 210036
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［摘 要］ 目的：探索育龄女性体力活动、静坐时间与异常月经周期的关联。方法：于2024年4—6月开展横断面研究，采用方
便抽样调查方法，基于国际体力活动问卷短卷（international physical activity questionnaire⁃short form，IPAQ⁃SF）测量体力活动水
平及静坐时间，自我报告月经周期，运用 Logistic 回归、限制性立方样条分析二者的关联，计算 E 值评估未测量混杂因素。结
果：共纳入1 259例研究对象，年龄为（25.0±5.3）岁。相比低体力活动水平，在调整所有协变量后，中等体力活动水平与月经周
期异常的风险降低 40%相关（OR=0.60，95%CI：0.44~0.81），高等体力活动水平与月经周期异常风险降低 46%相关（OR=0.54，
95%CI：0.37~0.79），达到世界卫生组织推荐的中高活动强度标准与风险降低36%相关（OR=0.64，95%CI：0.48~0.85），静坐时间
与月经周期异常无统计学关联。E值分析表明，推翻结论需要未测量的混杂因素与暴露和结局的关联强度达到中等强度（1.8~
2.1）。当周总代谢当量达到3 185 min时，月经周期异常风险开始上升。结论：中/高等体力活动水平与育龄女性月经周期异常的
风险呈负相关，但过高的体力活动水平者月经周期异常风险升高，达到足够的体力活动水平比降低静坐时间更为重要。
［关键词］ 月经周期异常；体力活动；静坐时间；育龄女性
［中图分类号］ R173 ［文献标志码］ A ［文章编号］ 1007⁃4368（2026）03⁃396⁃08
doi：10.7655/NYDXBNSN251161

The association between physical activity and sedentary time with irregular menstrual

cycles in reproductive women：a cross⁃sectional study
LI Hongqiao ，HUANG Lingling ，WANG Xinru ，ZHANG Yi ，ZHAO Mengjie ，ZHENG Hanyue ，WANG Bei ，
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ZHANG Xuening ，HONG Xiang 1*
1 Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics，School of Public Health，Southeast University，Nanjing 210009；
2 Jiangsu Health Development Research Center，Nanjing 210036，China
［Abstract］ Objective：To explore the relationship between physical activity，sedentary time，and irregular menstrual cycles in
women of reproductive age. Methods：Conducted between April and June 2024 using convenience sampling，the cross⁃sectional study
assessed physical activity and sedentary time through the international physical activity questionnaire⁃short form（IPAQ⁃SF），while
menstrual cycles were self⁃reported. Associations were analyzed using logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models，with E⁃
values calculated to assess the influence of potential unmeasured confounders. Results：A total of 1 259 participants were included，
with a mean age of 25.0 ± 5.3 years. The moderate physical activity was linked to a 40% lower risk of irregular menstrual cycles
compared to low activity（OR=0.60，95% CI：0.44-0.81），and high physical activity was associated with a 46% reduced risk（OR=0.54，
95% CI：0.37-0.79），after adjusting for all covariates. Meeting World Health Organization guidelines for moderate⁃to⁃vigorous activity
was associated with a 36% decreased risk（OR=0.64，95% CI：0.48- 0.85）. No statistically significant association was observed
between sedentary time and irregular menstrual cycles. E ⁃ value analysis suggested that unmeasured confounders would need a
moderate association strength（1.8-2.1）with both exposure and outcome to negate these findings. The risk of irregular menstrual cycles
began to rise when weekly total metabolic equivalents exceeded 3 185 min. Conclusion：Moderate to high physical activity levels are
inversely related to irregular menstrual cycles in reproductive ⁃ aged women，though excessively high activity may increase risk.

［基金项目］ 国家自然科学基金（82574109）；江苏省妇幼保健科研项目（F202303）
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通信作者（Corresponding author），E⁃mail：hongxiang@seu.edu.cn（ORCID：0000⁃0003⁃3407⁃0026）；jasonzxn@126.com（ORCID：0009⁃
0009⁃5096⁃3853）