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第46卷第7期 王 添,许正刚,吴怀玉,等. 时序影像组学预测肝癌免疫联合治疗疗效[J].
2026年7月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(7):1046-1054,1063 ·1049 ·
表1 融合预测模型的16个最优特征及其LASSO系数
Table 1 The sixteen optimal features of the combined prediction model and their LASSO coefficients
No. Feature name Feature type Data source LASSO coefficient
01 AP_wavelet⁃LHL_GLCM_ClusterShade Wavelet⁃Texture Arterial phase -0.214
02 AP_shape_Sphericity Shape Arterial phase -0.186
03 PVP_firstorder_Skewness First⁃order Portal⁃venous phase -0.172
04 PVP_GLSZM_LargeArea Texture Portal⁃venous phase -0.158
05 DP_GLRLM_RunEntropy Texture Delayed phase -0.143
06 ITH_Habitat_SpatialEntropy ITH Multi⁃phase voxel⁃level -0.238
07 ITH_SubRegion_FeatureHeterogeneity ITH Multi⁃phase voxel⁃level -0.201
08 ITH_EcologicalDiversityIndex ITH Multi⁃phase voxel⁃level -0.177
09 TSR_longitudinal_GLCMContrast_slope TSR Longitudinal dynamics -0.195
10 TSR_longitudinal_firstorder_Mean_slope TSR Longitudinal dynamics -0.184
11 TSR_shape_Volume_ShrinkageRate TSR Longitudinal dynamics -0.213
12 DR_Delta_wavelet⁃HLL_GLCM_Correlation DR Last⁃baseline delta -0.167
13 DR_Delta_shape_SurfaceVolumeRatio DR Last⁃baseline delta -0.149
14 CTId_composite_score Clinical lab Composite lab indices -0.226
15 CTId_Log_AFP Clinical lab Serology -0.181
16 CTId_PIVKA⁃Ⅱ_ratio Clinical lab Serology -0.165
AP:arterial phase;PVP:portal⁃venous phase;DP:delayed phase;ITH:intratumoral heterogeneity;TSR:time⁃series radiomics;DR:delta⁃ra⁃
diomics;CTId:clinical test index density.
自多期相传统影像组学、ITH、TSR、DR 与 CTId 的贡 0.987),全面领先于单期相模型(动脉期0.712、门静
献分布相对均衡;若把多期相联合、纵向动态与异 脉期 0.738、延迟期 0.706)、ITH 单一模型(0.752)、
质性三类特征一并纳入考察,共占13个(81.3%),这 TSR 单一模型(0.743)与传统临床模型(0.685),各
一比例直观反映出“动态+异质”维度在模型判别中 组 DeLong 检验均达统计学意义(P 均<0.05,表 3,图
的主导作用。在7∶3划分的训练集/验证集上,融合 1)。校准曲线显示模型预测概率与实际发生率吻
模型对治疗进展的训练集 AUC 为 0.852(95%CI: 合良好,Hosmer⁃Lemeshow 检验训练集 P=0.642、验
0.738~0.966),验证集 AUC 为 0.821(95%CI:0.629~ 证集 P=0.508(图 2)。DCA 进一步呈现,在 0.15~
表2 不同风险组基线特征比较
Table 2 Comparison of baseline characteristics among different risk groups
Variable Low⁃risk(n=10) Intermediate⁃risk(n=24) High⁃risk(n=28) P
Age[years,M(P25,P75)] 57(54,61) 55(51,60)00. 62(60,67) <0.001
Male[n(%)] 7(70.0)/3(30.0) 16(66.7)/8(33.3) 23(82.1) 0.422
HBV infection[n(%)] 9(90.0)/1(10.0) 17(70.8)/7(29.2) 21(75.0) 0.489
Solitary/Multifocal tumor[n(%)] 10(100.0)/0(0.0) 19(79.2)/5(20.8) 6(21.4)/22(78.6) <0.001
Maximum tumor diameter[cm,M(P25,P75)] 2.4(2.2,3.3) 7.5(6.7,8.3)00 14.2(12.8,16.6) <0.001
Portal vein tumor thrombus[n(%)] 1(10.0)/9(90.0) 7(29.2)/17(70.8) 17(60.7) 0.007
Child⁃Pugh(A/B)[n(%)] 9(90.0)/1(10.0) 20(83.3)/4(16.7) 15(53.6)/13(46.4) 0.022
TNM(Ⅰ-Ⅱ/Ⅲ-Ⅳ)[n(%)] 8(80.0)/2(20.0) 14(58.3)/10(41.7) 3(10.7)/25(89.3) <0.001
AFP[ng/mL,M(P25,P75)] 70.5(5.4,117.8) 165.5(131.8,400.9) 960.5(321.2,2 518.9) <0.001
PIVKA⁃Ⅱ[mAU/mL,M(P25,P75)] 268.6(102.1,418.0) 273.0(52.9,602.6)0 1 156.8(18.8,4 399.5) <0.001
ALT[U/L,M(P25,P75)] 33.5(26.8,39.2) 37.8(29.9,47.7)0 62.9(47.7,82.7) <0.001
AST[U/L,M(P25,P75)] 38.2(33.3,42.5) 42.9(31.3,52.6)0 58.5(33.9,65.8) <0.001
ALB(g/L,x ± s) 40.1 ± 3.1 35.8 ± 4.1 33.0 ± 5.3 <0.001
TACE combination[n(%)] 10(100.0)/0(0.0) 17(70.8)/7(29.2) 19(67.9) 0.122
Targeted therapy combination[n(%)] 7(70.0)/3(30.0) 16(66.7)/8(33.3) 24(85.7) 0.250

