Page 142 - 南京医科大学自然版

南京医科大学学报（自然科学版） 第46卷第9期
·1412 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Natural Sciences） 2026年9月

·综 述·

FGFR信号通路在肿瘤中的作用机制与靶向治疗研究进展

林一响，孙 澳，张梅玲 *
南京医科大学第一附属医院肿瘤科，江苏 南京 210029

［摘 要］ 成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblast growth factor，FGF）及成纤维细胞生长因子受体（fibroblast growth factor receptor，
FGFR）信号通路是调控细胞增殖、分化、迁移和存活的关键分子枢纽，在胚胎发育、组织修复和代谢稳态等多种生理过程中扮
演着核心角色。该通路的异常激活，特别是由FGFR家族基因（FGFR1~4）的突变、扩增或染色体重排等基因异常所驱动，已成
为多种恶性肿瘤发生与发展的重要致癌因素。携带这类变异的患者总体生存预后较差。近年来随着精准医疗理念的深入和
高通量测序技术的普及，针对FGFR变异的新药研发不断取得进展，已有多种小分子抑制剂获批用于治疗携带特定FGFR基因
异常的肿瘤患者，显著改善了这类患者的预后。文章旨在探讨肿瘤患者中 FGFR 信号通路与肿瘤发生发展的相关性及存在
FGFR信号通路变异的肿瘤患者的治疗方案，着重探讨了FGFR靶向治疗新进展。
［关键词］ 成纤维细胞生长因子受体；肿瘤；靶向治疗
［中图分类号］ R730 ［文献标志码］ A ［文章编号］ 1007⁃4368（2026）09⁃1412⁃10
doi：10.7655/NYDXBNSN260677

Research progress on the mechanism of FGFR signaling pathway in tumors and targeted
therapy

LIN Yixiang，SUN Ao，ZHANG Meiling *
Department of Oncology，the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing 210029，China

［Abstract］ Fibroblast growth factor（FGF）and fibroblast growth factor receptor（FGFR）signaling pathways are key molecular hubs
that regulate cell proliferation，differentiation，migration，and survival. They play a central role in various physiological processes such
as embryonic development，tissue repair，and metabolic homeostasis. Abnormal activation of this pathway，driven by genetic
abnormalities such as mutations，amplification，or chromosomal rearrangements in FGFR family genes（FGFR1-4），has become an
important oncogenic factor in the development of various malignant tumors. Patients carrying such variations generally have a poorer
overall survival prognosis. In recent years，with the deepening of the concept of precision medicine and the popularization of high⁃
throughput sequencing technology，new drug development targeting FGFR variations has made continuous progress. Various small
molecule inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of tumor patients with specific FGFR gene abnormalities，significantly
improving the prognosis of these patients. This article aims to explore the correlation between the FGFR signaling pathway and tumor
occurrence and development in tumor patients，as well as the treatment options for tumor patients with FGFR signaling pathway
variations，and focuses on the new progress in FGFR⁃targeted therapy.
［Key words］ fibroblast growth factor receptor；tumor；targeted therapy
［J Nanjing Med Univ，2026，46（09）：1412⁃1420，1436］

成纤维细胞生长因子受体（fibroblast growth factor
receptor，FGFR）是一类带有胞内酪氨酸激酶结构域
［基金项目］ 国家自然科学基金青年基金（81902327）；江苏
省科技厅基础研究计划（自然科学基金）（BK20191064） 的跨膜受体，与成纤维细胞生长因子（fibroblast
growth factor，FGF）共同组成 FGF/FGFR 信号通路，
∗
通信作者（Corresponding author），E⁃mail：zml_19841025@163.
［1］
com（ORCID：0009⁃0005⁃8488⁃0125） 参与细胞增殖、分化、迁移和致癌过程 。该通路的