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细胞凋亡,并刺激体外造血祖细胞的造血作用,说 643-653
明 ERK1/2 和 p38 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶均参与了凋 [5] FANG T,ZHOU X,JIN M,et al. Molecular mechanisms
of mechanical load⁃induced osteoarthritis[J]. Int Orthop,
亡信号通路的调控,但Nic能否通过激活α7⁃nAChR
对关节软骨细胞的凋亡产生影响仍不清楚,本研究 2021[2021⁃04⁃01]. DOI:10.1007/s00264⁃021⁃04938⁃1
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构建了 MIA 诱导的小鼠膝 OA 模型 [25] ,发现 MIA 可
receptors:allosteric transitions and therapeutic targets in
以明显诱导小鼠膝关节疼痛,Nic 对小鼠膝关节疼
the nervous system[J]. Nat Rev Drug Discov,2009,8
痛有明显的缓解作用,α7⁃nAChR 阻断剂 MLA 可以
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消除这种缓解作用,MIA 注射后可致小鼠膝关节面 [7] PARAMONOV A S,KOCHAROVSKAYA M V,TSAREV
软骨糜烂,软骨下骨暴露,软骨细胞显著减少,基质 A V,et al. Structural diversity and dynamics of human
染色重度减退,关节软骨退变评分和蛋白聚糖评分 three⁃finger proteins acting on nicotinic acetylcholine re⁃
明显升高,软骨细胞凋亡率增加,Nic小鼠腹腔内给 ceptors[J]. Int J Mol Sci,2020,21(19):7280
药可明显阻断OA病理进程,软骨细胞凋亡率下降, [8] PHILLIPS M B,NIGAM A,JOHNSON J W. Interplay be⁃
α7⁃nAChR阻断剂MLA可拮抗这种保护作用。 tween gating and block of ligand⁃gated ion channels[J].
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破坏软骨细胞凋亡相关蛋白 Bax/Bcl⁃2 的稳态及促
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进 cleaved caspase⁃9/caspase⁃9 比值升高,Bcl⁃2 通过
attenuates collagen⁃induced arthritis in mice[J]. Arthritis
抑制线粒体细胞色素C的释放而作为一种广泛的凋 Rheum,2009,60(1):114-122
亡调节蛋白,参与调节线粒体的钙稳态和质子流。 [10] TENG P,LIU Y,DAI Y,et al. Nicotine attenuates osteoar⁃
相反,Bax则与线粒体膜上的孔蛋白相互作用并提高 thritis pain and matrix metalloproteinase⁃9 expression via
线粒体细胞色素C的通透性,从而导致线粒体中细胞 the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor[J]. J Immunol,
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究发现 Nic 可以稳定 Bax/Bcl⁃2 的比例,并通过α7⁃
nAChR 抑制 caspase⁃9 的裂解,提示α7⁃nAChR 可通 joint degeneration and pain in male and female mice in
DMM model of osteoarthritis[J]. Osteoarthritis Cartilage,
过抑制线粒体介导的软骨细胞凋亡延缓小鼠膝骨
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关节炎关节软骨退变,α7⁃nAChR可成为OA治疗的
[12] 朱辰蕾,惠宇坚,张翔海,等. 烟碱对膝骨关节炎模型大
新靶点。但需要注意的是,凋亡信号转导主要通路 鼠的保护作用及机制研究[J]. 南京医科大学学报(自
不仅包括线粒体通路,还包括死亡受体通路、内质 然科学版),2014,34(2):129-134
网通路等,这3种凋亡途径并非完全独立,在某些情 [13] YANG H,WEN Y,ZHANG M,et al. MTORC1 coordi⁃
况下它们存在相互联系,已有研究表明,Bcl⁃2 与线 nates the autophagy and apoptosis signaling in articular
粒体通路及死亡受体通路均关系密切 [28] ,因此α7⁃ chondrocytes in osteoarthritic temporomandibular joint
nAChR 是否在其他凋亡信号转导通路中发挥作用 [J]. Autophagy,2020,16(2):271-288
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