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第43卷第4期         李 蓉,刘 露,朱夕陈,等. 洛伐他汀调节NMDA受体功能减缓NMDA兴奋性毒性损害[J].
                  2023年4月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2023,43(04):468⁃474                       ·473 ·


                经元的兴奋性损害有神经保护作用,这与他汀降低                                 signaling ⁃ protein kinases crosstalk in cerebral ischemia
                胆固醇的时程一致        [23] ,本文推测LOV介导的兴奋性                   [J]. Adv Exp Med Biol,2021,1275:259-283
                保护具有降低胆固醇作用,进而限制脂筏介导的膜                           [6] ELENA A P,MAR P,VERÓNICA B,et al. Cdk5 contrib⁃
                受体NR2B内吞。                                              utes to Huntington’s disease learning and memory defi⁃
                    NR2B 的磷酸化与 NR 的功能定位和内吞密                            cits via modulation of brain region⁃specific substrates[J].
                                                                       Mol Neurobiol,2017,55(8):6250-6268
                切相关   [25-26] 。NR2B 在羧基端包含网格蛋白适配
                                                                 [7] KWON H H,NEUPANE C,SHIN J,et al. Calpain⁃2 as a
                器(clathrin adaptor)AP⁃2 结 合 位 点 及 内 吞 基 序
                                                                       treatment target in prenatal stress ⁃ induced epileptic
                     [27]
                YEKL   。非受体酪氨酸激酶Src家族在YEKL基序
                                                                       spasms in infant rats[J]. Exp Neurobiol,2019,28(4):
                的 Tyr1472 位点磷酸化 NR2B。NR2B Tyr1472 位点                   529-536
                磷酸化抑制AP⁃2结合,进而促进NR 的表面受体表                        [8] FLACH C,ELSTAD M,MURUET W,et al. The impact of
                达,并且NR2B在Tyr1472位点去磷酸化影响受体的                            pre⁃and post⁃stroke statin use on stroke severity and long⁃
                内吞  [7,28] 。本研究显示,NMDA降低NR2B在Tyr1472                   term outcomes:a population⁃based cohort study[J]. Cere⁃
                和 Tyr1336 位点的磷酸化,但 LOV 预处理只选择性                         brovasc Dis,2019,47(5-6):260-267
                地恢复 Tyr1472 位点的磷酸化,提示 LOV 很可能通                   [9] ZHAO W,XIAO Z J,ZHAO S P. The benefits and risks
                过Tyr1472位点的磷酸化影响NR2B的内吞。                               of statin therapy in ischemic stroke:a review of the litera⁃
                    由于细胞表面受体内吞增加和胞内降解增加                                ture[J]. Neurol India,2019,67(4):983-992
                                                                 [10] TRAMACERE I,BONCORAGLIO G B,BANZI R T,et al.
                均可导致 NMDA 处理后亚单位 NR2B 表面表达减
                                                                       Comparison of statins for secondary prevention in patients
                少。本研究结果显示,在存在环己酰亚胺的情况
                                                                       with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack:a sys⁃
                下,NR2B 表达在 30 min 内被 NMDA 迅速消除,LOV
                                                                       tematic review and network meta⁃analysis[J]. BMC Med,
                预处理能稳定NR2B,提示LOV阻止NR2B的降解。
                                                                       2019,17(1):1-12
                    综上,本研究结果表明 NR2B 是导致脑缺血后                      [11] GEORGINA T,BRANIGAN G L,FRANCESCA V,et al.
                神经元兴奋性损伤的最主要成分,LOV 能减轻                                 Statin therapy and risk of Alzheimer’s and age ⁃ related
                NMDA诱导的兴奋性毒性损害,其神经保护作用很                                neurodegenerative diseases[J]. Alzheimer’s Dement(N
                可能与 LOV 通过影响 NMDA 受体亚单位 NR2B 的                         Y),2020,6(1):e12108
                细胞内吞或/和胞内降解进而调节 NR2B 表面分布                        [12] 马   涛,许著一,姚晴宇,等. 洛伐他汀通过抑制 Cal⁃
                有关。                                                    pain 和 CDK5 的过度激活减轻 NMDA 的毒性损害[J].
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                    2021,52(7):673-682                                 11236
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