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第44卷第3期 华 芮,李 宸,雍 辉,等. 改良球囊损伤联合高脂饮食建立兔腹主动脉粥样硬化模型[J].
2024年3月 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2024,44(3):322-328 ·325 ·
性分布,与管腔分界清晰,回声强度均匀,为内膜增厚 黄色沉积,巨噬细胞少量浸润,内弹力膜尚清晰。
回声,与内弹性膜形成的高回声层间分界不清晰,强 改良手术组:血管纵切面内膜普遍全程不均匀偏心
度低于血管外膜,没有钙化回声,为脂质斑块。 增厚,向管腔凸出,形成斑块。部分内膜断裂,增厚
2.3 兔腹主动脉内膜增生情况 内膜各层细胞紊乱堆叠,胞浆嗜酸红染的平滑肌细
各组兔腹主动脉 HE 染色和巨噬细胞标志物 胞减少,代之以大量胞浆淡染和充满脂质空泡的泡
CD68表达情况见图3。假手术组:管腔单层内皮细 沫细胞,大量巨噬细胞浸润,各层结构界限模糊,管
胞扁平连续,未见增厚,平滑肌细胞整齐有序,细胞 腔明显狭窄。
核蓝染,胞浆呈红色,各层细胞及弹力膜结构清晰, 与假手术组比,手术组内膜增厚程度及管腔狭
无脂质沉积。未见棕黄色蛋白,无巨噬细胞沉积。 窄比例差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。改良手术组
经典手术组:管腔少部分内膜轻度增厚,增厚内膜 内膜最大厚度、平均内膜厚度、内膜中膜面积比、管
中多层平滑肌细胞排列紊乱,可见小空泡,少量棕 腔狭窄比例均大于经典手术组(P < 0.05,表2)。
A B C
A:Sham group with no thickened intima. B:Classical intervention group with a slightly thickened intima. C:Modified intervention group with sig⁃
nificantly thickened intima,indicated by the arrow.
图2 术后高脂饮食4周各组兔腹主动脉IVUS影像
Figure 2 IVUS images of abdominal aortas in rabbits of each group after a high⁃cholesterol diet for 4 weeks
HE(×20) CD68(×20) CD68(×100) J 0.20 *
Sham group deposition in thickened ( mean optical density) 0.15 * *
0.10
A B C CD68 intima 0.05 0
Modified intervention group
Sham group
Classical intervention group Classical intervention group
D E F
Modified intervention group
G H I
A:HE staining of the sham group with no thickened intima. B,C:Immunohistochemistry of CD68 protein in the sham group with no brownish⁃yel⁃
low deposition. D:HE staining of the classical intervention group with a mild thickened intima in some parts. E,F:Immunohistochemistry of CD68 pro⁃
tein in the classical intervention group with a small number of macrophage infiltration. G:HE staining of the modified intervention group with a signifi⁃
cantly uneven intimal hyperplasia. H,I:Immunohistochemistry of CD68 protein in the modified intervention group with a large number of macrophage
*
infiltration. J:The CD68 deposition in thickened intima of each group,P < 0.05.
图3 术后高脂饮食4周各组兔的腹主动脉HE染色及CD68蛋白免疫组化染色
Figure 3 The HE staining and CD68 immunohistochemical staining of abdominal aortas in rabbits of each group after a
high⁃cholesterol diet for 4 weeks