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               ·1234 ·                           南 京    医 科 大 学 学         报                        2024年9月


                                             表1 疑似巨大儿产妇会阴侧切的单因素分析
                               Table 1 Univariate analysis of episiotomy in women with suspected macrosomia  [n(%)]

                         Variable             Episiotomy group(n=40)  Natural laceration group(n=109)  χ 2  P
               Age                                                                              1.799    0.180
                 <35 years                         04(10.0)                 21(19.3)
                 ≥35 years                         36(90.0)                 88(80.7)
               Way of conception                                                                0.006    0.939
                 Natural conception                39(97.5)                 13(11.9)
                 IVF⁃ET                             1(2.5)                  96(88.1)
               Number of pregnancies
                                                                                                2.684    0.101
                 ≥3                                 4(10.0)                 26(23.9)
                 <3                                36(90.0)                 83(76.1)
               Number of deliveries
                                                                                               16.063   <0.001
                 ≥1                                20(50.0)                 90(82.6)
                 0                                 20(50.0)                 19(17.4)
               BMI
                                                                                                0.436    0.509
                 <30 kg/m 2                        14(35.0)                 32(29.4)
                 ≥30 kg/m 2                        26(65.0)                 77(70.6)
               Number of years of work as a midwife
                                                                                                5.343    0.021
                 <5 years                          32(80.0)                 65(59.6)
                 ≥5 years                          08(20.0)                 44(40.4)
                  IVF⁃ET:in vitro fertilization⁃embryo transfer.

                                                 表2 两组产妇分娩相关指标比较
                             Table 2 Comparison of maternal delivery⁃related indicators between the two groups

                                                             Episiotomy group  Natural laceration group
                                  Indicator                                                       t/χ 2   P
                                                                (n=40)           (n=109)
               Estimated gestational age by ultrasound[weeks,M(P25,P75)]  39.6(39.0,40.3)  39.9(39.1,40.3)  -0.395  0.693
               Estimated fetal weight by ultrasound(g,x ± s)  3 925.48 ± 68.09  3 931.11 ± 67.89  0.445  0.657
               First stage of labor(min,x ± s)                 00718 ± 313      00 773 ± 286     1.014   0.311
               Second stage of labor[n(%)]                                                      27.084  <0.001
                 ≥47 min                                        5(12.5)00       66(60.6)000
                 <47 min                                       35(87.5)000      43(39.4)000
               Third stage of labor(min,x ± s)                 009.56 ± 4.24    00 8.46 ± 5.78   1.265   0.209
               Painless delivery[n(%)]                                                           9.868   0.002
                 Yes                                           37(92.5)000      73(67.0)000
                 No                                             3(7.5)000       36(33.0)000
               Way of rupture[n(%)]                                                              1.303   0.254
                 Natural rupture                               30(75.0)000      71(65.1)000
                 Amniotomy                                     10(25.0)000      38(34.9)000
               Meconium⁃stained amniotic fluid[n(%)]                                             4.501   0.034
                 Clear and Ⅰ                                   29(72.5)000      95(87.2)000
                 Ⅱ and Ⅲ                                       11(27.5)000      14(12.8)000

              和无痛分娩是影响会阴侧切的次要因素(P > 0.05,                       归情况,发现会阴侧切组中新生儿出生后 1 min 和
              表3)。                                              5 min Apgar 评分明显低于自然裂伤组(P=0.001,P=

              2.4  两组间母儿转归相关因素比较                                0.019),胎儿宫内窘迫发生率明显高于会阴裂伤组
                  进一步分析会阴侧切组和会阴裂伤组间母儿转                         (45.0% vs. 6.4%,P=0.001),且产后出血率显著低于
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