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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷第11期
·1598 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) 2025年11月
·基础研究·
广谱中和新型冠状病毒及其变体的纳米抗体制备及功能研究
汪佰成 ,倪晶怡 ,刘馨月 ,龚 雪 ,季晨博 1,2*
1
1*
1
1
南京医科大学附属妇产医院(南京市妇幼保健院)医学研究中心,南京市女性生育力保护及重塑医学重点实验室,江苏 南
1 2
京 210004
[摘 要] 目的:开发广谱靶向严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,SARS⁃CoV⁃2)
及其变体的纳米抗体(nanobody,Nb),并确立一种能够广泛用于制备广谱中和病毒及其多种变体Nb的策略。方法:使用SARS⁃
CoV⁃2野生型菌株刺突蛋白的受体结合域(wild type receptor⁃binding domain,WT⁃RBD)免疫羊驼,构建出纳米抗体噬菌体文库,
通过Delta变体的RBD(Delta⁃RBD)对文库进行免疫管筛选、ELISA实验等操作筛选得到Nb,毕赤酵母系统表达Nb并纯化,通
过 ELISA、生物膜干涉技术、假病毒中和实验以及 Alphafold2 建模和分子对接等多种手段验证 Nb 的性质及功能。结果:得到
4 个 Nb 不仅均对 WT⁃RBD 具有较高的亲和力,还能有效结合 Delta⁃RBD 及 Omicron 变体的 RBD(Omicron⁃RBD)。Nb34、Nb42
和 Nb45 对 Delta⁃RBD 和 Omicron⁃RBD 表现出较强的结合能力,同时 Nb45 可以有效中和 Omicron变体的假病毒。这些Nb能
够结合SARS⁃CoV⁃2及其变体的机制可能与其结合RBD上的保守位点相关。结论:得到的4个Nb具有防治SARS⁃CoV⁃2及其
变体的巨大潜力,同时本研究中确立和使用的这种策略也可以广泛用于制备广谱中和易变异病毒及其多种变体的Nb。
[关键词] SARS⁃CoV⁃2;变体;策略;中和性纳米抗体;假病毒
[中图分类号] R392 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2025)11⁃1598⁃10
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250094
Nanobody preparation and functional studies for broad⁃spectrum neutralization of SARS⁃
CoV⁃2 and its variants
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1*
1
1
WANG Baicheng ,NI Jingyi ,LIU Xinyue ,GONG Xue ,JI Chenbo 1,2*
1
Medical Research Center,Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Nanjing Women and Children’s
Healthcare Hospital),Nanjing Medical Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Preservation and Restoration,Nanjing
2
210004,China
[Abstract] Objective:To produce broad ⁃ spectrum nanobodies(Nbs)targeting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS⁃CoV⁃ 2)and its variants,and establish a strategy for producing Nbs broad⁃spectrum neutralizing the virus and its various
variants. Methods:Alpacas were immunized with the receptor⁃binding domain(RBD)of the SARS⁃CoV⁃2 wild⁃type strain(WT⁃RBD)
to construct a nanobody phage library,and the library was screened by biopanning and ELISA with the RBD of the Delta variant(Delta⁃
RBD)to select Nbs. The selected Nbs were expressed and purified using the Pichia pastoris system,and their properties and functions
characterized by ELISA,biolayer interferometry,pseudovirus neutralization experiments,and molecular modeling and docking.
Results:Four Nbs were obtained,all exibiting high affinity for WT⁃RBD,while also effectively neutralizing Delta⁃RBD and the RBD of
the Omicron variant(Omicron⁃RBD),with Nb45 effectively neutralizing the pseudovirus of(Omicron⁃RBD). We also found that the
mechanism of these Nbs for neutralizing SARS⁃CoV⁃2 and its variants may be related to interfering with the conserved sites on these
RBD. Conclusion:The four Nbs obtained have great potential for prevention and treatment of SARS⁃CoV⁃2 and its variants,and the
strategy established in this study can also be widely used for the preparation of Nbs broad⁃spectrum neutralizing viruses and their
various variants.
[Key words] SARS⁃CoV⁃2;variants;strategy;neutralizing nanobody;pseudovirus
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2025,45(11):1598⁃1607]
[基金项目] 江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”项目;南京市妇幼保健院“十四五”青年人才项目
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:chenboji@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃9869⁃4228);gongxue@njmu.edu.cn(ORCID:
∗
0009⁃0006⁃2405⁃3192)

