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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 第45卷第5期
·718 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) 2025年5月
·综 述·
KMT2A重排急性髓系白血病的研究进展
李佳欣,陶善东,于 亮 *
南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院血液科,江苏 淮安 223300
[摘 要] 赖氨酸甲基转移酶 2A(lysine methyltransferase 2A,KMT2A)基因,也称为混合谱系白血病(mixed lineage leukemia,
MLL)基因,参与人体正常造血与代谢。KMT2A重排急性髓系白血病(KMT2A⁃rearranged acute myeloid leukemia,KMT2A⁃r AML)
是 AML中的一种特殊类型,其恶性程度高,对传统AML化疗方案蒽环类化疗药柔红霉素联合阿糖胞苷“3+7”不敏感,缓解率
低,复发率高。近年来,有关KMT2A⁃r AML的临床前研究与临床试验陆续开展。目前,首个治疗复发或难治性KMT2A易位急
性白血病的靶向药物Menin抑制剂revumenib已获得美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)批准上市,
DOT1L 抑制剂 pinometostat 与多种药物联合治疗的研究正在进行,造血干细胞移植(hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,
HSCT)和嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T⁃cell,CAR⁃T)疗法也进行了相关临床应用研究。文章将对 KMT2A⁃r
AML发病机制、新开发靶向药物、已开展临床试验、潜在治疗靶点、HSCT和CAR⁃T疗法应用等方面进行综述,以期为该病的研
究和治疗提供新思路。
[关键词] 急性髓系白血病;KMT2A重排;MLL;Menin;治疗靶点;研究进展
[中图分类号] R733.71 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2025)05⁃718⁃09
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN241470
The research progress on KMT2A⁃rearranged acute myeloid leukemia
LI Jiaxin,TAO Shandong,YU Liang *
Department of Hematology,the Affiliated Huai’an No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Huai’an
223300,China
[Abstract] The lysine methyltransferase 2A(KMT2A)gene,also known as the mixed lineage leukemia(MLL)gene,is involved in
normal hematopoiesis and metabolism in humans. KMT2A⁃rearranged acute myeloid leukemia(KMT2A⁃r AML)is a specific type of
AML characterized by high malignancy. It is resistant to the conventional AML chemotherapy“3 + 7”regimen of anthracycline
daunorubicin(DNR)combined with cytarabine(Ara ⁃ C),resulting in low remission rates and high relapse rates. In recent years,
preclinical and clinical studies on KMT2A⁃r AML have been progressively undertaken. At present,the Menin inhibitor revumenib is
the first targeted drug approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for the treatment of relapsed or refractory
KMT2A⁃translocated acute leukemia,and research on the DOT1L inhibitor pinometostat in combination with various other drugs is
ongoing. Additionally,hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)and chimeric antigen receptor T⁃cell(CAR⁃T)therapies have
been studied in clinical application. This article reviews the pathogenesis of KMT2A⁃r AML,targeted drugs,ongoing clinical trials,
potential therapeutic targets,and the application of HSCT and CAR⁃T therapies,aiming to provide new perspectives for the research
and treatment of this condition.
[Key words] acute myeloid leukemia;KMT2A⁃rearranged;MLL;Menin;therapeutic target;research progress
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2025,45(05):718⁃726]
[基金项目] 淮安市科技计划项目(HAB202310);淮安市自身免疫性疾病重点实验室(HAP202302)
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:yuliangha@163.com(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃0803⁃5801)
∗

