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第45卷第7期               石鑫玥,沙丽君,李晓南. 婴幼儿营养风险现状及其筛查方法的研究进展[J].
                  2025年7月                     南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2025,45(7):1051-1058                      ·1055 ·


                示较好的实用性与灵敏度            [57-59] 。已有研究显示,对         [2] RATSIKA A,CODAGNONE M C,O’MAHONY S,et al.
                高危儿实施营养风险筛查并制定个体化营养干预                                  Priming for life:early life nutrition and the microbiota⁃gut⁃
                策略定期随访,可有效促进高危儿体格生长和神经                                 brain axis[J]. Nutrients,2021,13(2):423
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                发育的双重追赶 。                                        [3] EMBLETON N D,MOLTU S J,LAPILLONNE A,et al.
                                                                       Enteral nutrition in preterm infants(2022):a position
                3.3  康复机构、福利院等特殊场所
                                                                       paper from the ESPGHAN committee on nutrition and
                    福利院和康复机构等特殊场所的儿童普遍存
                                                                       invited experts[J]. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr,2023,76
                在营养素缺乏,体格生长明显落后于正常儿童,其                                (2):248-268
                中婴幼儿占绝大多数          [61] ,这些儿童往往因健康问题             [4] BERGER M M,SHENKIN A,SCHWEINLIN A,et al.
                和环境因素,存在身体残疾或疾病。加上机构内运                                 ESPEN micronutrient guideline[J]. Clin Nutr,2022,41
                营资金有限及工作人员专业知识缺乏等原因,难以                                (6):1357-1424
                实现对不同婴幼儿的个性化精细照料,这些特殊场                           [5] AURANGZEB B,WHITTEN K E,HARRISON B,et al.
                所的儿童更易出现营养摄入不足及营养不良并发                                  Prevalence of malnutrition and risk of under⁃nutrition in
                                                                       hospitalized children[J]. Clin Nutr,2012,31(1):35-40
                症。对巴基斯坦 12 所孤儿院的研究分析表明,
                                                                 [6] CHOURDAKIS M,HECHT C,GERASIMIDIS K,et al.
                36.1%的儿童存在营养不良情况             [62] ,但国内相关研
                                                                       Malnutrition risk in hospitalized children:use of 3 screen⁃
                究仍为空白,亟待引起相关部门和儿科医生对这些
                                                                       ing tools in a large European population[J]. Am J Clin
                特殊儿童营养风险和营养状况的关注。                                      Nutr,2016,103(5):1301-1310
                                                                 [7] JRV M,EY N,KMB C,et al. STRONGkids validation:
                4  总结与展望
                                                                       tool accureacy[J]. J Pediatr,2020,96(3):371-378
                    婴幼儿缺乏营养摄入的自主性,且为多种疾病                         [8] 彭璐婷,李       荣,赵卫华,等. 706例外科住院患儿营养
                的易感期,营养风险发生率较高。尽管住院患者的                                 风险筛查及其临床意义[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志,2013,
                营养风险筛查流程相对完善,但对门诊婴幼儿营养                                 15(10):880-885
                                                                       PENG L T,LI R,ZHAO W H,et al. Nutritional risk
                风险以及不良预后的关注不足。同时,我国熟练掌握
                                                                       screening and its clinical significance in 706 children hos⁃
                营养筛查与评估的专业医务人员较少,地域分布不
                                                                       pitalized in the surgical department[J]. Chin J Contemp
                均,营养风险尚未成为婴幼儿就诊的常规流程。儿科
                                                                       Pediatr,2013,15(10):880-885
                临床医师应增强对婴幼儿营养重要性的认识,结合其                          [9] 熊励晶,欧小琴,李         杨,等. 四川省单中心消化系统疾
                营养需求特点,选择特异性及敏感性较高、实用操作                                病住院患儿营养风险筛查[J]. 中华实用儿科临床杂
                性较好的量表进行营养风险筛查,进而实现规范化的                                志,2018,33(7):501-504
                营养管理,促进婴幼儿生长发育和远期健康。                                   XIONG L J,OU X Q,LI Y,et al. Nutritional risk screen⁃
                   利益冲突声明:                                             ing of impatient children with singer⁃center gastroentero⁃
                   所有作者声明无利益冲突。                                        logical diseases in Sichuan province[J]. Chin J Appl Clin
                   Conflict of Interests:                              Peadiar,2018,33(7):501-504
                                                                 [10]SHA L J,SHI X Y,ZHU M,et al. Implementation of
                   The authors declare no conflict of interests.
                   作者贡献声明:                                             STRONGkids for identifying nutritional risk in outpa⁃
                   石鑫玥负责文献收集、整理和论文书写、修改;沙丽君负                           tients of child health care clinics:Results of a multicentre
                                                                       study[J]. Clin Nutr,2023,42(11):2207-2213
                责文章审核与修改;李晓南负责文章审核、修改与监督。
                                                                 [11]VENTURA J C,SILVEIRA T T,BECHARD L,et al. Nu⁃
                   Author’s Contributions:
                                                                       tritional screening tool for critically ill children:a system⁃
                   SHI Xinyue was responsible for literature collection,paper
                                                                       atic review[J]. Nutr Rev,2022,80(6):1392-1418
                writing,and revision. SHA Lijun was responsible for article re⁃
                                                                 [12]BROWN M E,GRACE K,BILLING T,et al. Considering
                view and revision. LI Xiaonan was responsible for article review
                                                                       climate and conflict conditions together to improve inter⁃
                and supervision.
                                                                       ventions that prevent child acute malnutrition[J]. Lancet
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