Page 106 - 南京医科大学自然版
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第46卷第6期
·888 · 南 京 医 科 大 学 学 报 2026年6月
表1 研究人群基本特征
Table 1 Basic characteristics of study population
Characteristics Control group Abnormal visual acuity t/χ 2 P
Parental characteristics 1 008 88
Maternal age(years,x ± s) 0 030.36 ± 3.79 0 030.96 ± 3.33 -1.604 0.151
Pre⁃pregnancy BMI[n(%)] 1.105 0.776
2
<18.5 kg/m 144(14.3) 14(15.9)
18.5-23.9 kg/m 2 700(69.6) 59(67.0)
24.0-27.9 kg/m 2 124(12.3) 13(14.8)
≥28.0 kg/m 2 38(3.8) 2(2.3)
Household income[n(%)] 3.099 0.377
<50 000 yuan 52(5.3) 8(9.2)
50 000-<1100 000 yuan 262(26.9) 19(21.8)
100 000-<1200 000 yuan 455(46.7) 43(49.4)
≥200 000 yuan 206(21.1) 17(19.5)
Maternal education[n(%)] 0.007 0.933
<12 years 89(8.8) 7(8.0)
≥12 years 918(91.2) 81(92.0)
Mode of conception[n(%)] 0.001 0.999
Spontaneous 868(86.1) 76(86.4)
ART 140(13.9) 12(13.6)
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy[n(%)] - 0.197
No 976(96.8) 84(95.5)
Chronic hypertension 07(0.7) 0(0.0)
Gestational hypertension 10(1.0) 3(3.4)
Preeclampsia 15(1.5) 1(1.1)
Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy[n(%)] - 0.503
No 734(72.8) 59(67.0)
Diabetes complicating pregnancy 11(1.1) 1(1.1)
Gestational diabetes mellitus 263(26.1) 28(31.8)
Infant characteristics 1 028 94
Sex[n(%)] 1.452 0.228
Boy 532(51.8) 42(44.7)
Girl 496(48.2) 52(55.3)
Plurality[n(%)] 7.476 0.006
Singleton 974(94.7) 82(87.2)
Twins 54(5.3) 12(12.8)
Gestational age(weeks,x ± s) 0 039.31 ± 1.58 0 039.29 ± 1.61 0.135 0.891
Preterm birth[n(%)] 0.691 0.406
No 955(92.9) 90(95.7)
Yes 73(7.1) 4(4.3)
Low birth weight infant[n(%)] - 0.359
No 979(95.2) 92(97.9)
Yes 49(4.8) 2(2.1)
Breastfeeding duration[n(%)] 2.539 0.281
<6 months 231(22.7) 24(25.8)
6-12 months 350(34.4) 37(39.8)
≥12 months 437(42.9) 32(34.4)
Age at visual acuity assessment(x ± s) 0 364.99 ± 8.12 0 364.06 ± 7.05 1.208 0.283
Age at neurodevelopmental assessment(x ± s) 1 095.74 ± 7.30 1 094.00 ± 7.72 2.099 0.028
Data were missing for pre⁃pregnancy BMI(n=2),household income(n=34),and breastfeeding duration(n=11). BMI:body mass index;ART:assist⁃
ed reproductive technology.

