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第46卷第6期            屈 越,蒋梦婷,吕 红,等. 婴儿期条栅视力与3岁神经发育的前瞻性队列研究[J].
                  2026年6月                      南京医科大学学报(自然科学版),2026,46(6):885-893                      ·889  ·


                                               表2 纳入人群与排除人群的一般特征比较
                            Table 2 Comparison of baseline characteristics between included and excluded participants
                              Characteristics            Included population  Excluded population  t/χ 2   P
                  Parental characteristics                    1 096               62
                    Maternal age(years,x ± s)              0 030.41 ± 3.76    0 031.02 ± 4.05   1.159     0.216
                    Pre⁃pregnancy BMI[n(%)]                                                     1.498     0.683
                      <18.5 kg/m 2                          0 158(14.4)         10(16.4)
                      18.5-23.9 kg/m  2                     0 759(69.4)         38(62.3)
                      24.0-27.9 kg/m  2                     0 137(12.5)         10(16.4)
                      ≥28.0 kg/m 2                           0 40(3.7)           3(4.9)
                    Household income[n(%)]                                                     11.100     0.011
                      <50 000 yuan                           0 60(5.6)           6(9.8)
                      50 000-<100 000 yuan                  0 281(26.5)         14(23.0)
                      100 000-<200 000 yuan                 0 498(46.9)         19(31.1)
                      ≥200 000 yuan                         0 223(21.0)         22(36.1)
                    Maternal education[n(%)]                                                    0.001     0.999
                      <12 years                              0 96(8.8)           5(8.2)
                      ≥12 years                             0 999(91.2)         56(91.8)
                    Mode of conception[n(%)]                                                    0.001     0.999
                      Spontaneous                           0 944(86.1)         53(85.5)
                      ART                                   0 152(13.9)         09(14.5)
                    Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy[n(%)]                                    -       <0.001
                      No                                    1 060(96.7)         55(88.7)
                      Chronic hypertension                   0 07(0.6)           0(0.0)
                      Gestational hypertension               0 13(1.2)           5(8.1)
                      Preeclampsia                           0 16(1.5)           2(3.2)
                    Diabetes mellitus in pregnancy[n(%)]                                         -        0.420
                      No                                    0 793(72.4)         49(79.0)
                      Diabetes complicating pregnancy        0 12(1.1)           0(0.0)
                      Gestational diabetes mellitus         0 291(26.6)         13(21.0)
                  Infant characteristics                      1 122               66
                    Sex[n(%)]                                                                   0.787     0.375
                      Boys                                  0 574(51.2)         38(57.6)
                      Girls                                 0 548(48.8)         28(42.4)
                    Plurality[n(%)]                                                             0.634     0.426
                      Singleton                             1 056(94.1)         60(90.9)
                      Twins                                  0 66(5.9)           6(9.1)
                    Gestational age(weeks,x ± s)           0 039.31 ± 1.58    0 038.98 ± 1.63  -1.584     0.104
                    Preterm birth[n(%)]                                                         0.821     0.365
                      No                                    1 032(93.1)         59(89.4)
                      Yes                                    0 77(6.9)          07(10.6)
                    Low birth weight infant[n(%)]                                                -        0.407
                      No                                    1 071(95.5)         61(92.4)
                      Yes                                    0 51(4.5)           5(7.6)
                    Breastfeeding duration[n(%)]                                                1.921     0.383
                      <6 months                             0 469(42.2)         23(35.4)
                      6-12 months                           0 255(23.0)         14(21.5)
                      ≥12 months                            0 387(34.8)         28(43.1)
                    Age at visual acuity assessment(x ± s)  0 364.92 ± 8.04   0 365.38 ± 7.89   0.462     0.649
                    Age at neurodevelopmental assessment(x ± s)  1 095.59 ± 7.35  1 093.59 ± 9.33  -1.712  0.035
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