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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 第46卷第6期
·894 · Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) 2026年6月
·临床研究·
锁定接骨板“假锁”现象的新分型和上肢分布规律
姚 翔 ,苗 瀚 ,刘圣洁 ,邵荣杨 ,唐毅琳 ,汤继磊 ,胡敏杰 1*
2
2
2,3
4
1,2
2
江苏大学附属人民医院骨科,江苏 镇江 212000;江苏大学医学院,江苏 镇江 212013;江苏大学附属人民医院
1 2 3
烧伤整形科,江苏 镇江 212000;启东市中医院骨科,江苏 南通 226200
4
[摘 要] 目的:明确锁定板接骨术中假锁现象的定义,提出一种全新的具有临床指导意义的分型,研究假锁现象的发生率及
其分布特征。方法:根据锁定头螺钉在接骨板螺纹孔中的置入状态将假锁现象分为3类:A型假锁,预成型锁定接骨板内的锁
定头螺钉深度异常但方向正常;B型假锁,预成型锁定接骨板内的锁定头螺钉深度和方向均异常;C型假锁,过度折弯的接骨板
内的锁定头螺钉深度和/或方向异常。采用回顾性队列研究设计,收集并分析2017年6月—2024年4月接受锁定板接骨术治
疗的1 796例上肢长骨(锁骨、肱骨、尺骨和桡骨)骨折病例资料及术后影像学数据。采用Bonferroni校正的卡方检验来评估性
别、年龄、侧别、骨骼类型、骨折部位和螺钉直径各分组的假锁发生率差异。结果:共纳入1 878块锁定接骨板,包含锁骨1 129块
(60.1%)、肱骨 364 块(19.4%)、尺骨 137 块(7.3%)、桡骨 248 块(13.2%),共计 11 636 枚锁定头螺钉。假锁现象总体发生率为
22.0%(2 564/11 636)。其中,A型假锁最为常见,发生率为14.1%(1 646/11 636);B型次之,为7.8%(911/11 636);C型罕见,为
0.1%(7/11 636)。结论:本研究定义了锁定板接骨术中的“假锁”现象,并建立了全新的分型。假锁现象在上肢长骨(锁骨、肱
骨、尺骨及桡骨)接骨术中发生率超过1/5。熟悉接骨板预设的螺钉置入深度和方向、术中使用切线位透视有效识别假锁现象,
是提升锁定接骨板固定可靠性的重要环节。
[关键词] 锁定板接骨术;骨折;锁定头螺钉;锁定接骨板;分型
[中图分类号] R681.7 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)06⁃894⁃09
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN251464
Pseudolock phenomenon in locking plate osteosynthesis:classification and epidemiology
in upper limb
1,2 2 2,3 2 2 4 1*
YAO Xiang ,MIAO Han ,LIU Shengjie ,SHAO Rongyang ,TANG Yilin ,TANG Jilei ,HU Minjie
2
1 Department of Orthopaedics,the Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000;School of
Medicine,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013;Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery,the Affiliated People’s
3
4
Hospital of Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212000;Department of Orthopaedics,Qidong Hospital of Traditional
Chinese Medicine,Nantong 226200,China
[Abstract] Objective:To clarify the definition of pseudolock phenomenon during locking plate osteosynthesis,propose a novel
clinically oriented classification,and explore the incidence and distribution characteristics of this phenomenon. Methods:According to
the insertion state of locking head screws in the threaded holes of locking plates,the pseudolock phenomenon was classified into three
types:Type A,the screw depth is insufficient,but the orientation is normal in a precontoured plate;Type B,both the screw depth and
orientation are abnormal in a precontoured plate;Type C,the screw depth and orientation are either/both abnormal in an overbent plate.
Demographic and radiographic data of 1 796 patients with upper limb long bone fractures(clavicle,humerus,ulna,and radius)who
underwent locking plate osteosynthesis from June 2017 to April 2024 were collected and analyzed. A Chi⁃square test with Bonferroni
correction was used to assess the incidence of pseudolock incidences across different genders,ages,sites,sides,locations,and
diameters. Results:A total of 1 878 locking plates were identified in the long bones of the upper limbs,distributed as follows:clavicle
1 129(60.1%),humerus 364(19.4%),ulna 137(7.3%),and radius 248(13.2%). In total,11 636 locking head screws placed in these
plates were included in the analysis,of which 2 564(22.0%)were pseudolocked. Type A pseudolock was the most common with an
[基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(82472436);江苏省重点研发计划社会发展项目(BE2023756)
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:szwjhmj@163.com(ORCID:0000⁃0003⁃1685⁃3422)
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