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第46卷第6期 南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
2026年6月 Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences) ·809 ·
·专题研究:肝脏疾病·
肝窦内皮细胞:慢性肝病进展的“帮凶”?
韩汶书,申 敏 ,钱 莉 *
*
扬州大学医学部基础医学院⁃公共卫生学院,核酸与细胞命运调控省高校重点实验室,国家中医药管理局胃癌毒邪论治重点研
究室,江苏 扬州 225009
[摘 要] 肝窦内皮细胞(liver sinusoidal endothelial cell,LSEC)是肝脏特异性的内皮细胞。生理条件下,LSEC具有开放的窗
孔结构,可以完成肝细胞与血液之间小分子物质的高效交换,维持肝脏的滤过和代谢平衡,抑制肝星状细胞(hepatic stellate
cell,HSC)活化,调节肝脏的免疫应答与耐受,构成了肝脏微循环的主要屏障。而在肝损伤过程中,LSEC发生毛细血管化,细
胞衰老和内皮间质转化等表型改变,导致肝内血流阻力增加,物质交换障碍,促血管生成因子和炎性因子分泌增加,如不及时
干预将会进一步加重肝损伤。因此,靶向干预LSEC功能障碍已成为慢性肝病治疗的新方向。文章系统阐述了LSEC在生理
稳态和慢性肝病中的动态变化及具体作用机制,总结了目前靶向LSEC治疗慢性肝病的最新策略,同时也指出了当前研究的局
限性及未来研究方向。
[关键词] 肝窦内皮细胞;慢性肝病;肝星状细胞
[中图分类号] R575 [文献标志码] A [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2026)06⁃809⁃11
doi:10.7655/NYDXBNSN250962
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells:“accomplice”in chronic liver disease progression?
*
HAN Wenshu,SHEN Min ,QIAN Li *
School of Basic Medical Sciences & School of Public Health,Faculty of Medicine,Key Laboratory of the Jiangsu
Higher Education Institutions for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Regulation,NATCM Key Laboratory of Syndrome
Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
[Abstract] Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(LSEC)are liver ⁃ specific endothelial cells. Under physiological conditions,LSECs
exhibit open fenestrae,facilitating the efficient bidirectional exchange of small molecules between hepatocytes and blood. They are
crucial for maintaining hepatic filtration and metabolic homeostasis,suppressing the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSC),and
modulating hepatic immune responses and tolerance,thereby forming the principal barrier of the liver microcirculation. During liver
injury,however,LSECs undergo phenotypic changes—including capillarization,cellular senescence,and endothelial⁃to⁃mesenchymal
transition. These changes result in increased intrahepatic vascular resistance,impaired transvascular exchange,and enhanced
secretion of pro ⁃ angiogenic and pro ⁃ inflammatory factors. In the absence of timely intervention,this pathological cascade can
exacerbate liver damage. Therefore,therapeutic targeting of LSEC dysfunction has emerged as a novel strategy for chronic liver disease.
This article systematically elaborates on the dynamic changes and specific mechanistic roles of LSECs in both physiological
homeostasis and chronic liver disease,summarizes current therapeutic strategies aimed at LSECs,and also discusses existing research
limitations and suggests future directions.
[Key words] liver sinusoidal endothelial cell;chronic liver disease;hepatic stellate cell
[J Nanjing Med Univ,2026,46(06):809⁃819]
[基金项目] 国家自然科学基金(82400712);江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金青年基金(BK20230588);江苏省高等学校基
础科学(自然科学)研究面上项目(23KJB310031);扬州市自然科学基金(YZ2023165)
∗
通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:qianl@yzu.edu.cn(ORCID:0000⁃0002⁃3865⁃3539);008222@yzu.edu.cn(ORCID:0009⁃
0000⁃4916⁃1444)

