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第41卷第3期                           南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)
                  2021年3月                   Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)     ·317 ·


               ·基础研究·

                炎症小体AIM2在小鼠肥胖发生过程中的作用和机制研究



                刘   雪 ,马春梅 ,王冰微 ,杨 硕           1*
                      1
                              1
                                       2
                                                    2
                1 南京医科大学免疫学系,江苏 南京            211166;南京中医药大学药理学系,江苏            南京 210023

               [摘   要] 目的:明确黑素瘤缺乏因子2(absent in melanoma 2,AIM2)在小鼠肥胖发生过程中的作用,探索其中发挥作用的细
                胞及其调控肥胖发生的作用机制。方法:分别对AIM2敲除小鼠和AIM2 Cx3cr1⁃Cre小鼠进行60%高脂饲料喂养建造肥胖模
                                                                       fl/fl
                型,每周称重小鼠监测其体重变化,HE染色分析脂肪组织结构。葡萄糖耐受和胰岛素敏感性实验分析AIM2是否影响胰岛素
                抵抗。流式细胞分析巨噬细胞分型变化,荧光定量PCR法检测促炎细胞因子和抑炎细胞因子的表达变化。结果:在高脂诱导
                的肥胖小鼠中,AIM2表达显著下调,AIM2基因敲除小鼠体重增加,脂肪细胞显著大于野生型小鼠,并且AIM2基因敲除小鼠对
                胰岛素的敏感性更差。特异性地在巨噬细胞中敲除小鼠AIM2基因的AIM2 Cx3cr1⁃Cre小鼠与上述AIM2基因敲除小鼠的结
                                                                          fl/fl
                果一致。在体外对骨髓来源的巨噬细胞给予特异性的分型刺激,结果证实AIM2促进巨噬细胞向M1型巨噬细胞极化。结论:
                AIM2在小鼠肥胖发生过程中起保护作用,AIM2主要通过调控巨噬细胞极化来调节肥胖的发生。
               [关键词] AIM2;肥胖;巨噬细胞极化
               [中图分类号] R391.12                   [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2021)03⁃317⁃07
                doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20210302



                The role and mechanism of AIM2 in the development of obesity in mice
                                                   2
                                     1
                       1,2
                LIU Xue ,MA Chunmei ,WANG Bingwei ,YANG Shuo   1*
                                                                               2
                1 Department of Immunology,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166;Department of Pharmacology,Nanjing
                University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China
               [Abstract] Objective:This study aims to identify the role of AIM2(absent in melanoma 2)in the development of obesity in mice,
                explore the functioning cells and the regulation mechanism of obesity. Methods:AIM2 knockout mice and AIM2 fl/fl  Cx3cr1⁃Cre mice
                were given 60% high⁃fat food to induce obesity. The body weight changes of mice was monitored every week. HE staining was used to
                analyze the adipose tissue structure. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity test was used to analyze the role of AIM2 in insulin
                resistance. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the changes of macrophage typing,and fluorescence quantitative PCR method
                was used to detect the expression of pro⁃inflammatory cytokines and anti⁃inflammatory cytokines. Results:In high⁃fat⁃induced obese
                mice,AIM2 was significantly down⁃regulated. The body weight of AIM2 knockout mice exhibit much higher than WT mice,and AIM2
                                                                                                         fl/fl
                knockout mice were less sensitive to insulin. What is more,the results of specific AIM2 knockout mice in macrophages AIM2 Cx3cr1⁃
                Cre were consistent with the full AIM2 knockout mice. In addition,bone marrow derived macrophages stimulated results in vitro
                confirmed that AIM2 promoted the polarization of macrophages into M1 type macrophages. Conclusion:AIM2 plays a protective role
                in the development of obesity in mice. It mainly regulates the occurrence of obesity by regulating the polarization of macrophages.
               [Key words] AIM2;obesity;macrophage polarization
                                                                              [J Nanjing Med Univ,2021,41(03):317⁃323]




                    肥胖目前已成为全球关注的重大健康问题,研                          诱发心血管疾病、高血压、糖尿病和肿瘤等多种疾
                究报道全球超过 30%的人口有肥胖问题。肥胖会                           病。多项研究表明肠道菌群异常、炎症及代谢异常
                                                                  会诱发肥胖及肥胖相关疾病,但是其具体发病机制

               [基金项目] 南京医科大学科技发展基金(NMUB2019007)                   仍有待进一步阐明         [1-3] 。并且,目前尚无有效抑制肥
                ∗                                                 胖发生的手段,因此对于肥胖发生机制及治疗方法
                通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:shuoyang_1@163.com
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