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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版)                                 第42卷第11期
               ·1632 ·                    Journal of Nanjing Medical University(Natural Sciences)  2022年11月


             ·综 述·

              肠道菌群与妊娠相关疾病关系的研究进展



              诸清逸,石中华       *
              南京医科大学附属妇产医院产科,江苏 南京                 210004




             [摘    要] 肠道菌群是肠道内各类微生物共同构成的与人体存在共生关系的生态系统,这些微生物在人体肠道内参与了代
              谢、免疫和营养等多种功能,与人体的健康息息相关,与疾病的发生发展过程也有着千丝万缕的联系。妊娠期女性的肠道菌群
              构成发生了显著改变,肠道菌群失调也被认为在各妊娠相关疾病的发生发展过程中起重要作用。益生菌可改善肠道微环境,
              可作为妊娠相关疾病防治的新思路。本文就妊娠期糖尿病、子痫前期、早产、妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积症等常见妊娠相关疾病的孕
              妇肠道菌群改变及益生菌用于临床防治的有效性进行综述,以期为进一步进行肠道菌群影响孕妇健康的机制研究及益生菌用
              于临床疾病防治的更高质量研究提供依据。
             [关键词] 妊娠相关疾病;肠道菌群;研究进展;益生菌
             [中图分类号] R714.25                   [文献标志码] A                      [文章编号] 1007⁃4368(2022)11⁃1632⁃05
              doi:10.7655/NYDXBNS20221122


              Research progress of gut microbiota and pregnancy⁃related diseases

              ZHU Qingyi,SHI Zhonghua  *
              Department of Obstetrics,the Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing
              210004,China


             [Abstract] The gut flora is an ecosystem which is composed of various microorganisms in the intestine and has a symbiotic
              relationship with the human body. These microorganisms participate in various functions such as metabolism,immunity and nutrition in
              the human intestine,and are closely related to the health of the human body. They are also inextricably linked to the occurrence and
              development of diseases. The composition of the gut flora of pregnant women has undergone significant changes,and the dysbiosis of
              the gut flora is also considered important in the occurrence and development of pregnancy⁃related diseases. Probiotics can improve the
              intestinal microenvironment and can be used to prevent or treat these pregnancy⁃related diseases. This article reviews the changes in
              the gut flora of women with pregnancy ⁃ related diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus,preeclampsia,premature delivery,
              intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and the effectiveness of probiotics for clinical prevention and treatment. This review is also
              expected to provide a basis for further research on the mechanism of gut flora affecting the health of pregnant women and higher⁃quality
              research on probiotics.
             [Key words] pregnancy⁃related diseases;gut microbiota;research progress;probiotics
                                                                           [J Nanjing Med Univ,2022,42(11):1632⁃1636]



                  肠道菌群是肠道内由细菌、原生动物、真菌、病                         在人体肠道内参与了代谢、免疫和营养等多种功
              毒等微生物共同构成的与人体存在共生关系的生                             能,与人体健康息息相关 ,与疾病的发生发展过程
                                                                                      [1]
              态系统,在健康人体肠道中,优势菌群主要为厚壁                            也有着千丝万缕的联系。而在妊娠期这一特殊时
              菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和放线菌门,这些微生物                           期,孕妇体内的各个系统都会发生一系列重构,发
                                                                生这种变化是为了能更好地适应胎儿生长发育的
             [基金项目] 国家重点研发计划(2016YFC1000300);国家自
                                                                    [2]
                                                                需求 ,相应地,其肠道菌群的构成也发生了显著改
              然科学基金面上项目(81970410,81571458);江苏省重大疾病
                                                                  [3]
              生物资源样本库出生队列子库开放课题(JC2021B024)                     变 ,现在普遍观点认为,肠道菌群失调是导致各类
              ∗                                                 妊娠相关疾病发生的重要因素之一。
              通信作者(Corresponding author),E⁃mail:jesse_1982@163.com
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